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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic Toxicity of Ammonia to the Freshwater Bivalve Sphaerium novaezelandiae (1999)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 36 (1999), S. 38-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The chronic toxicity of total ammonium and unionized ammonia (NH3) to the native New Zealand freshwater fingernail clam Sphaerium novaezelandiae was assessed in soft water under laboratory conditions. Control survival after 60 days was high (93%) and concentration-response relationships showed the sensitivity of S. novaezelandiae survival was markedly greater to both total and unionized ammonia (6.4× and 4.6×) after 60 days compared with the 30-day exposure at 20°C. Chronic mortality and number moribund (inability to rebury) showed similar sensitivities, but reproduction was a more sensitive endpoint based on a concentration-response analysis. The survival LC50 values for total and unionized ammonia were 3.8 mg (N)/L (pH 7.5) and 0.037 mg (NH3-N)/L, and reproductive values 0.80 mg (N)/L (pH 7.5) and 0.013 mg (NH3-N)/L at 60 days. No observed effect concentration (NOEC) values for both survival and reproduction were 0.97 mg (N)/L and 0.011 mg (NH3-N)/L, and the lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) values were 5.4 mg (N)/L and 0.046 mg (NH3-N)/L for survival after 60 days, giving a calculated threshold effect concentration (TEC) of 2.3 mg (N)/L and 0.022 mg (NH3-N)/L. Comparison of the S. novaezelandiae chronic ammonia sensitivity data with the US EPA criteria showed the survival and reproduction TEC values for total ammonia were 1.9× higher than the chronic criterion, and the lethality value 1.4× above the unionized ammonia criterion. The findings suggest that use of the US EPA criteria would provide minimal protection for S. novaezelandiae for chronic ammonia exposure, and that development of site-specific criteria, covering a wide range of environmental conditions, may be required to adequately protect all life stages of this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900440
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute myeloid leukemia M2 and t(8;21)(q22;q22) with an unusual phenotype: myeloperoxidase (+), CD13 (–), CD14 (–), and CD33 (–) (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 78 (1999), S. 237-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Acute myeloid leukemia ; Phenotype ; t(8;21)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Cases of myeloid surface antigen-negative acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are rare. We describe the morphological, cytochemical, immunologic, and cytogenetic features of two patients with AML with maturation (FAB M2) and the phenotype MPO+, CD13 (–), CD33(–), CD56(+). Cytogenetic studies demonstrated t(8;21)(q22;q22). These findings suggest an association between the lack of CD13 and CD33 in myeloperoxidase-positive AML and the presence of t(8;21).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050508
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A quantitative in situ Fe K-XAFS study (T 〉 1270 K) on the oxidation degree of iron in (Mg1−xFex)1−δO (1999)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 6 (1999), S. 489-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049599001740
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinesins in the nervous system (1999)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 56 (1999), S. 200-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key Words. Kinesin; kinesin-like proteins; microtubule-based motors; axonal transport; neurons.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Both the development and the maintenance of neurons require a great deal of active cytoplasmic transport. Much of this transport is driven by microtubule motor proteins. Membranous organelles and other macromolecular assemblies bind motor proteins that then use cycles of adenosine 5′-triphosphate hydrolysis to move these ‘cargoes’ along microtubules. Different sets of cargoes are transported to distinct locations in the cell. The resulting differential distribution of materials almost certainly plays an important part in generating polarized neuronal morphologies and in maintaining their vectorial signalling activities. A number of different microtubule motor proteins function in neurons; presumably they are specialized for accomplishing different transport tasks. Questions about specific motor functions and the functional relationships between different motors present a great challenge. The answers will provide a much deeper understanding of fundamental transport mechanisms, as well as how these mechanisms are used to generate and sustain cellular asymmetries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000180050422
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An open comparision of the diabetogenic effect of deflazacort and prednisone at a dosage ratio of 1.5 mg:1 mg (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 55 (1999), S. 105-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Deflazacort ; Prednisone ; Glucose tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To compare the diabetogenic effects of deflazacort (D) versus prednisone (PN) using a dosage ratio of 1.5 mg deflazacort:1 mg prednisone. Methods: Thirty-three patients suffering from various active connective tissue or chronic inflammatory diseases were randomized to be treated with D or PN, assuming a therapeutic equipotency ratio of 1.5 mg D:1 mg PN. Neither dosage nor glucocorticoid employed were modified during the study. Patients had not received steroid treatment during the month prior to their inclusion date. Fasting glucose, glycosilated haemoglobin and fructosamine were determined before and after 1 month of treatment. Non-diabetic patients were also submitted to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at entry and after 1 month. Results were compared by univariate, and multivariate tests to correct the effects of age, body mass index and diagnosis. Results: After 1 month of treatment there were no differences between D and PN in fasting glucose, glycosilated haemoglobin, or fructosamine. OGTT performed after treatment showed similar glucose values for both treatment groups. Patients treated with D had insulin levels at min 60 of the post-treatment OGTT which were higher than those treated with PN [114.1 (62.8) mcUI · ml−1 versus 73.5 (32.7) mcUI · ml−1, P = 0.049], but the difference lost its statistical significance in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: D and PN have similar effects on glucose tolerance when an equipotency ratio of 1.5 mg D:1 mg PN is employed. Previous studies employing a ratio of 1.2:1 mg may have understimated the adverse effects of D on glucose metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050603
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular characterization of the RNA3 of asparagus virus 2 (1999)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 144 (1999), S. 185-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Asparagus virus 2 (AV 2) has been detected in all major asparagus growing areas around the world and it has been suggested that, in association with other pathogens, it might be an important factor for the condition called asparagus decline. Although AV 2 was first reported in the 70’s, only few of its biochemical characteristics have been actually studied. Some properties of an AV 2 isolate from Guanajuato, Mexico were characterized and its RNA3 cloned and sequenced. Electrophoretic analysis of AV 2 RNA showed 3 genomic RNAs (RNA1. 3.0; RNA2 2.7; and RNA3 2.3 kb) and a fourth, subgenomic, RNA4 of 1.1 kb. In vitro translation data confirmed that coat protein is produced by translation of the subgenomic RNA4, as reported for other bromoviruses. Sequence analysis of AV 2 RNA3 showed two open reading frames identified by sequence comparisons and immunological assays as coding the movement and coat proteins (MP and CP, respectively). AV 2 CP showed a high percentage of identity with the CPs from other members of the subgroup II of the ilarvirus genus. The percentage of identity with other ilarviruses decreased dramatically and in some cases was lower than the values obtained with members of different genera.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050495
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Slow segregation and rapid shift to homoplasmy coexist in a family with the T8993〉G mutation (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of inherited metabolic disease 22 (1999), S. 939-940 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005603926730
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Outcome of Psychogeriatric Intervention in an Old-Age Home: A 3 Years Follow-up Study (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of clinical psychiatry 11 (1999), S. 109-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3238
    Keywords: old age ; service delivery ; outcome ; depression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Psychogeriatrics and especially psychiatric services in nursing and old-age homes are sorely lacking in research. Four years ago we developed and implemented a model for service delivery for old-age homes within our hospitals' catchment area. In the first year of operation 48 of 373 residents (13%) were evaluated and treated by a psychogeriatrician. The aim of the present study was to evaluate outcome of these patients three years later. All patients and medical records were re-assessed. During the three-year period 16/48 subjects (33.3%) passed away; of these half were previously diagnosed as suffering from a major depressive episode. None of the subjects who died had attempted suicide. Following a preliminary diagnosis of affective spectrum disorder, 4/48 patients (8.3%) were re-diagnosed at follow up as suffering from dementia. Full or partial remission of the original symptomatology was achieved in 18/32 surviving subjects (50.7%); mostly depressed or anxious patients. We conclude that although mortality rate among elderly psychiatric patients is high persistent interventions lead to successful remission in the majority of patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022399608703
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation between gender and spontaneous C-cell tumors in the thyroid gland of the Wistar rat (1999)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 297 (1999), S. 451-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words Thyroid gland ; Calcitonin ; C-cell hyperplasia ; C-cell carcinoma ; Medullary thyroid carcinoma ; Sexual dimorphism ; Rat (Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In many rat strains, C-cell hyperplasia occurs in an age-dependent manner and is often associated with multifocal C-cell carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the spectrum of spontaneous, proliferative C-cell disorders by gender in Wistar rats throughout their lifespan. The incidence of C-cell hyperplasia shows a significant increase with age (P〈0.001) and is much higher in female rats than in male rats (P〈0.05). From 3 to 24 months of life, 27.5% of female rats showed a normal C-cell pattern, 55.0% showed C-cell hyperplasia, and 17.5% showed C-cell tumors; while 57.5% of male rats showed a normal C-cell pattern, 32.5% showed C-cell hyperplasia, and 10% showed C-cell tumors. Although the overall frequency of C-cell neoplasms in females was nearly double that in males, these data are not statistically significant. However, the number of C-cell tumors showed a significant increase with age (P〈0.05). Therefore, we can conclude that there were significant differences in the incidence of the total spectrum of C-cell proliferative abnormalities in the thyroid gland of Wistar rats that were both age-dependent and gender-dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410051371
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A generalization of Riemann's method for partial differential equations (1954)
    Springer
    Annali di matematica pura ed applicata 36 (1954), S. 335-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-1891
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary A bilinear divergence identity is obtained, which differs from the usualLagrange divergence identity employed byRiemann. In the case of two independent variables, this new identity is used to unify the treatment ofCauchy's problem for hyperbolic equations, the initial value problem for parabolic equations, and theDirichlet problem for elliptic equations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02412845
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