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  • 1995-1999  (5)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1965-1969  (1)
  • 1999  (5)
  • 1967  (1)
Material
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  • 1995-1999  (5)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1965-1969  (1)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Chaos 9 (1999), S. 195-205 
    ISSN: 1089-7682
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We consider the mixing of similar, cohesionless granular materials in quasi-two-dimensional rotating containers by means of theory and experiment. A mathematical model is presented for the flow in containers of arbitrary shape but which are symmetric with respect to rotation by 180° and half-filled with solids. The flow comprises a thin cascading layer at the flat free surface, and a fixed bed which rotates as a solid body. The layer thickness and length change slowly with mixer rotation, but the layer geometry remains similar at all orientations. Flow visualization experiments using glass beads in an elliptical mixer show good agreement with model predictions. Studies of mixing are presented for circular, elliptical, and square containers. The flow in circular containers is steady, and computations involving advection alone (no particle diffusion generated by interparticle collisions) show poor mixing. In contrast, the flow in elliptical and square mixers is time periodic and results in chaotic advection and rapid mixing. Computational evidence for chaos in noncircular mixers is presented in terms of Poincaré sections and blob deformation. Poincaré sections show regions of regular and chaotic motion, and blobs deform into homoclinic tendrils with an exponential growth of the perimeter length with time. In contrast, in circular mixers, the motion is regular everywhere and the perimeter length increases linearly with time. Including particle diffusion obliterates the typical chaotic structures formed on mixing; predictions of the mixing model including diffusion are in good qualitative and quantitative (in terms of the intensity of segregation variation with time) agreement with experimental results for mixing of an initially circular blob in elliptical and square mixers. Scaling analysis and computations show that mixing in noncircular mixers is faster than that in circular mixers, and the difference in mixing times increases with mixer size. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 995-998 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The microstructure evolution and the corresponding solid-state reactions that take place during the formation of the Pd–Ge ohmic contacts on GaAs were studied using constant-heating-rate differential calorimetry (DSC) and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM). DSC analysis at different scan rates was performed on Pd(20 nm)/Ge(150 nm)/Pd(50 nm) thin film stacks that were lifted off the substrate and four solid-state reactions were identified. Specimens heated at temperatures that coincide with the DSC peaks were quenched in a He atmosphere and the resulting microstructure was characterized by XTEM. Variable constant-heating-rate DSC experiments allowed us to determine the activation energy associated with each solid-state reaction by the Kissinger plot method. The results were as follows: for Pd:Ge interdiffuson, the activation energy Q=1.03 eV, for hexagonal Pd2Ge formation Q=1.12 eV, for orthorhombic PdGe formation Q=1.33 eV and for Ge crystallization Q=1.8 eV. Based on these correlations, the mechanisms that contribute to the formation of an optimal ohmic contact microstructure were identified. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 6 (1967), S. 40-48 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A scanning-type crystal spectrometer for high-resolution Compton profile measurements has been constructed at the High Energy Inelastic Scattering Beamline (ID15B) of the ESRF. Radiation from a seven-period asymmetrical permanent-magnet wiggler or from a superconducting wavelength shifter is focused horizontally onto the sample by a bent-crystal monochromator. Typical energies are 30, 50 and 60 keV, the flux on the sample is 1012 photons s−1, and the relative energy bandwidth is 3 × 10−4. The spectrometer operates in the Rowland circle geometry, where the sample is fixed and the cylindrically bent analyser crystal and the detector move on the focusing circle by synchronized translations and rotations. The main detector is a large-diameter NaI scintillation counter, the incident beam is monitored by an Si diode, and scattering from the sample is detected using a Ge detector. The recorded spectrum is corrected for the energy-dependent response of the spectrometer, background and multiple scattering, and converted to the momentum scale. The resolution of the spectrometer is calculated from the geometrical factors and the reflectivity curve of the analyser crystal, and the result is checked against the widths of the elastically scattered line and fluorescent lines. So far, 0.1 a.u. resolution in electron momentum has been achieved. The typical average count rate over the Compton profile is about 1000 counts s−1 from a weakly absorbing sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 158 (1999), S. 748-749 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Opiate ; Drugs ; Pregnancy ; Neonatal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A retrospective case note study of 93 women was performed in order to assess the effect of maternal factors on neonatal outcome in a group of women attending a specialist clinic for pregnant drug users. There were no significant differences in outcome for chaotic drug users compared with non-chaotic drug users, or for cocaine users compared with non-cocaine using drug users. Women who reduced their methadone dose during pregnancy delivered babies of significantly higher birth weight than those whose methadone dose remained the same or increased (median 3027 g, range 1780–3629 g vs 2645 g, range 580–3720 g). Women who abused benzodiazepines during pregnancy produced babies of significantly lower birth weight than those women who did not use benzodiazepines (median 2100 g, range 580–3520 g vs 2767 g, range 1530–3720 g). Conclusion The results of this study give healthcare staff evidence to use in encouraging drug-using women to avoid benzodiazepines during pregnancy and to reduce their methadone dosage. The treatment received from a specialist clinic may mitigate against some of the other recognised effects of drug use during pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cognition, technology & work 1 (1999), S. 25-36 
    ISSN: 1435-5566
    Keywords: Key words:Information systems – Integration – Personal construct psychology – Relationships
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract: In the light of the developing discourse on the relative merits of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ approaches to information systems development, we present a case study application of a methodology which attempts to dissolve such dualities. Personal Construct Psychology (PCP) offers, as a unity, the construing person who is both biology and culture. PCP argues that both the world and the person’s construct system are phenomenologically real and that the viability of any particular construct system depends only on its usefulness to the construing person. In this study, we used PCP to explore the organisational context of information use and distribution in a large hospital. We used repertory grids, a PCP technique, to elicit from 16 members of staff their personal construals of information from different sources in the hospital. The results highlight the relationship between meaningful information and meaningfully active relationships, a theme which we discuss in terms of the development of the hospital information system and in terms of the value of PCP in dissolving hard–soft dichotomies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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