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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS. 25.80.Ls Pion inclusive scettering and absorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The absorption of π+ on Ar was studied at pion energies of 70, 118, 162, 239 and 330MeV, and on N and Xe at 239MeV. Twenty-six absorption reaction channels with at least two energetic charged particles in the final state have been evaluated. Partial cross-sections have been determined according to the number of protons, neutrons and deuterons in the final state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 282 (1974), S. 9-14 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Cardiac Glycosides ; Distribution ; Guinea Pigs ; Protein Binding ; Therapeutic Ratio
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In guinea pigs under urethane anaesthesia the concentrations of radioactivity in the plasma, the liver and the heart and the protein binding of radioactivity were measured 1 h after the intravenous injection of 0.2 μmoles/kg β-methyldigoxin or digoxin. The distribution coefficients were calculated between the concentrations in the plasma water and the tissues. Apart from a slightly higher distribution coefficient for β-methyl-digoxin than for digoxin between liver and plasma water there was no significant difference between the two glycosides. In guinea pigs under barbital anaesthesia, cardiac failure was produced by additional doses of barbital-Na. Bemegride was given to counteract the effects of barbital on the vasomotor centre. β-Methyl-digoxin and digoxin were infused until cardiac arrest. For each animal the doses were calculated which led to an increase in cardiac performance by 50 g · cm/sec, arrhythmia, ventricular fibrillation or cardiac arrest. The therapeutic range was calculated from the doses producing arrhythmias and those increasing cardiac performance by 50 g · cm/sec (“therapeutic” dose). There was no difference between the “therapeutic” and toxic doses and the therapeutic ratios of β-methyl-digoxin and digoxin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Bioimplantat • Biomechanik •¶Knorpeldefekt • Knorpelregeneration •¶Mesenchymale Zelldifferenzierung ; Key words Bioimplant • Biomechanics • Cartilage ¶defect • Cartilage repair • Mesenchymal cell differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Hyaline cartilage is thought to be unable to regenerate. All efforts so far – including autologous chondrocyte cell transplantation – to reconstruct cartilage defects in joints have not been totally convincing. However, mesenchymal cells are able to differentiate into chondrocytes under mechanical pressure conditions. In this study, an open porous resorbable two-layer “bioimplant” was constructed in which mechanical pressure was exerted onto mesenchymal cells when migrated into the open porous structure of the bioimplant. Differentiation of the cells into chondrocytes was thus induced. The bioimplants were implanted into the medial condyles of nine rabbits and left in place for eight or twelve weeks, respectively. In seven of these cases, cartilage formation was found, in contrary to the controls in which only connective tissue and bone had grown into the empty holes. The new bioimplants have proven their effectiveness in cartilage defect repair and might evolve in the future as a new alternative treatment of full thickness defects of joint surfaces.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Gelenkknorpel gilt in der Regel als nicht regenerationsfähig. Bis jetzt durchgeführte Versuche zur Wiederherstellung des Gelenkknorpels, inklusive der Knorpelzelltransplantation, zeigten wenig erfolgversprechende Ergebnisse. Jedoch gibt es Hinweise, dass unter Druckbelastung mesenchymale Stammzellen sich in Knorpelzellen differenzieren können. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde ein offenporiges resorbierbares, zweischichtiges „Bioimplantat“ konstruiert, das nach Implantation in einen Knochen-Knorpel-Defekt die physiologischen Druckverhältnisse nachahmt und so eine Differenzierung von mesenchymalen Stammzellen zu hyalinem Knorpel ermöglicht. An 9 Kaninchen wurde dieses Bioimplantat an Knochenknorpeldefekten des Femurkondylus über 2 verschiedene Zeiträume erprobt und mit Leerlochversuchen verglichen. Durch die Bioimplantate gelang es im Gegensatz zu den Leerlochversuchen in 7 von 9 Fällen Bereiche mit hyalinartigem Knorpel zu induzieren. Die Methode scheint einen neuen erfolgsversprechenden Ansatz zur Reparation von Knorpeldefekten darzustellen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
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    Unknown
    Manchester : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of Semitic studies. 19 (1974) 173 
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Severity of illness index ; Multiple organ failure ; Critically ill ; Morbidity ; Organ failure ; Outcome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To evaluate the use of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, the total maximum SOFA (TMS) score, and a derived variable, the ΔSOFA (TMS score minus total SOFA score on day 1) in medical, cardiovascular patients as a means for describing the incidence and severity of organ dysfunction and the prognostic value regarding outcome. Design: Prospective, clinical study. Setting: Medical intensive care unit in a university hospital. Patients: A total of 303 consecutive patients were included (216 men, 87 women; mean age 62 ± 12.6 years; SAPS II 26.2 ± 12.7). They were evaluated 24 h after admission and thereafter every 24 h until ICU discharge or death between November 1997 and March 1998. Readmissions and patients with an ICU stay shorter than 12 h were excluded. Main outcome measure: Survival status at hospital discharge, incidence of organ dysfunction/failure. Interventions: Collection of clinical and demographic data and raw data for the computation of the SOFA score every 24 h until ICU discharge. Measurements and main results: Length of ICU stay was 3.7 ± 4.7 days. ICU mortality was 8.3 % and hospital mortality 14.5 %. Nonsurvivors had a higher total SOFA score on day 1 (5.9 ± 3.7 vs. 1.9 ± 2.3, p 〈 0.001) and thereafter until day 8. High SOFA scores for any organ system and increasing number of organ failures (SOFA score ≥ 3) were associated with increased mortality. Cardiovascular and neurological systems (day 1) were related to outcome and cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and admission from another ICU to length of ICU stay. TMS score was higher in nonsurvivors (1.76 ± 2.55 vs. 0.58 ± 1.39, p 〈 0.01), and ΔSOFA/total SOFA on day 1 was independently related to outcome. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.86 for TMS, 0.82 for SOFA on day 1, and 0.77 for SAPS II. Conclusions: The SOFA, TMS, and ΔSOFA scores provide the clinician with important information on degree and progression of organ dysfunction in medical, cardiovascular patients. On day 1 both SOFA score and TMS score had a better prognostic value than SAPS II score. The model is closely related to outcome and identifies patients who are at increased risk for prolonged ICU stay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 286 (1974), S. 195-210 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Cats ; Cardiac Glycosides ; Inotropic Action ; Distribution ; Protein Binding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The tissue distribution and the positive inotropic effect of α- and β-methyl-digoxin, digoxin, and digitoxin were investigated in cats under pentobarbital anaesthesia, the emetic effect of β-methyl-digoxin and digoxin in unanaesthetized animals. 1. The distribution volume calculated by dividing the injected dose by the concentration in the plasma water after 60 min decreased in the order digitoxin 〉 β-methyl-digoxin ≥ α-methyl-digoxin 〉 digoxin. 2. The distribution coefficients between tissue and plasma water decreased for all glycosides in the order kidney 〉 liver 〉 heart 〉 diaphragm 〉 erythrocytes 〉 perirenal fat 〉 brain. 3. α-Methyl-digoxin and digoxin were metabolized to a larger extent than were β-methyl-digoxin and digitoxin. 4. 200 nmoles/kg digoxin produced arrhythmias, whereas equimolar doses of the other glycosides were well tolerated. 5. Except for α-methyl-digoxin, there was a close relation between the increase in dp/dt max and the concentration in the plasma water 60 min after the injection. The differences in the equieffective doses of β-methyl-digoxin, digoxin, and digitoxin can therefore be explained by the differences in tissue distribution. 6. Although higher concentrations of β-methyl-digoxin than of digoxin were found in the brain, there was no difference in the central activity of the two glycosides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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