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Location and vestibular responses of interstitial and midbrain reticular neurons that project to the vestibular nuclei in the cat (1982)

Fukushima, K. ; Ohno, M. ; Takahashi, K. ; [et al.]

Springer

Experimental brain research 45 (1982), S. 303-312

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ISSN: 1432-1106

Keywords: Midbrain reticular formation ; Interstitio-vestibular neurons ; Vestibular system ; Semicircular canal inputs ; Axon branching

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Summary Experiments were performed on cats anesthetized with a chloralose to locate neurons in and around the interstitial nucleus of Cajal (INC) that project to the vestibular nuclei, and to study labyrinthine inputs to these neurons. Neurons that project to the vestibular nuclei were identified by microstimulation confined to the vestibular nuclei on both sides. All neurons thus identified were activated antidromically from the ipsilateral (but not contralateral) vestibular nuclei. Vestibular projecting neurons were found in the INC and the reticular formation rostral, dorsal and caudal to the INC. About 23% of these neurons were vestibular branching spinal projecting neurons. The median conduction velocity of vestibular projecting neurons was estimated to be in the neighborhood of 12–16 m/s. Stimulation of the contralateral vestibular nerve evoked firing in 29% of neurons projecting to the vestibular nuclei, but not to the spinal cord. Interstitial neurons responded more frequently than reticular neurons (45% vs 11%, χ2 test, p 〈 0.001). By stimulation of individual semicircular canal nerves, it was shown that vestibular projecting neurons receive excitation from the contralateral vertical canals, but do not receive substantial inputs from the horizontal canal. Stimulation of the ipsilateral vestibular nerve excited 10% of neurons; suppression of activity was observed for six cells and four of the six were excited by stimulation of the contralateral vestibular nerve. Stimulation of ipsilateral individual semicircular canal nerves did not excite any cells tested; the activity of a few cells was suppressed by stimulation of the vertical canal nerves. One neuron received excitation from the contralateral anterior canal and suppression from the ipsilateral posterior canal. Vestibular branching spinal projecting neurons rarely received labyrinthine inputs as already reported (Fukushima et al. 1980a). These results suggest that vestibular projecting neurons may be involved in vertical vestibular reflexes.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235791

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Isolation and characterization of human placental chorionic villar extracellular matrix (1979)

Ohno, M. ; Nagle, R. B. ; Meezan, E. ; [et al.]

New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Supramolecular Structure 12 (1979), S. 457-466

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ISSN: 0091-7419

Keywords: human placental basement membrane ; extracellular matrix ; human chorionic villar basement membrane ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine

Notes: The cell-free extracellular matrix of human placental chorionic villi has been prepared by a procedure employing extraction of the terminal villar fragments with the detergents Triton X-100 and sodium deoxycholate. The isolated human placental extracellular matrix retains an intact, but collapsed, histoarchitecture, as observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It remains intact, in large part because of the presence of continuous sheets of villar basement membranes and associated interstitial collagen fibers and scattered patches of fibrin. The staining characteristics and chemical composition of the isolated human placental extracellular matrix are similar to those reported for basement membranes in several tissues and indicate the presence of collagen-like and glycoprotein components in this preparation. Gel electrophoresis of urea-SDS-mercaptoethanol extracts of the matrix showed that it consists of several polypeptide components of various molecular weights, some of which are associated into high molecular weight complexes by disulfide bonds.

Additional Material: 3 Ill.