ISSN:
1573-8248
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
Description / Table of Contents:
Résumé Les parasites de la chenille du chou-fleur (Trichoplusia ni (Hübner)), de celle du soja (Pseudoplusia includens (Walker)) et de celle du tabac (Heliothis virescens (F.)), sont inventoriés dans un système cultural de 3,2 ha du nord de la Floride. Ce dernier comprend du tabac (Nicotiana tabacum L.) du soja (Glycine max (L.)Merr.) et 18 autres cultures.Listomastix truncatella (Dalman),Meteorus autographae Muesebeck etVoria ruralis Fallen sont les parasites les plus importants des chenilles deT. ni, plusieurs espèces deTrichogramma étant les parasites les plus courants des œufs de la même espèce. Les taux de parasitisme des œufs et des chenilles deT. ni sur chou (Brassica oleracea L.) sont respectivement de 0 à 55% et de 0 à 100%. Ils sont généralement surtout élevés au printemps et en automne. Le parasitisme des jeunes chenilles deT. ni est plus élevé sur tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) que sur les autres plantes. Le parasitisme dû au complexe est important sur chenilles deP. includens, mais les œufs sont, sur cette même plante, peu parasités. Ils sont parasités fréquemment sur tomate et okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)Medik). Le parasitisme deH. virescens est souvent supérieur à 50%; il est principalement dû aCardiochiles nigriceps Viereck.
Notes:
Abstract Parasitoids of the cabbage looper,Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), the soybean looper,Pseudoplusia includens (Walker), and the tobacco budworm,Heliothis virescens (F.) were characterized in a 3.2-ha model of a north Florida (U.S.A.) cropping system (including tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), soybeans (Glycine max (L.)Merr. and 18 other crops) not treated with chemical pesticides. The study was for a 2 yr-period; a minimum of three 0.0004-ha sections of row, or 0.0001-ha sections in broadcast or drilled crops were sampled weekly. In addition, sweeps with a net and some other sampling techniques were used in some crops.Litomastix truncatella (Dalman),Meteorus autographae Muesebeck, andVoria ruralis Fallen were the most important larval parasitoids recovered from cabbage loopers;Trichogramma spp. were by far the major egg parasitoid. Parasitization of eggs and larvae in crucifers (Brassica oleracea L.) ranged from 0 to 55% and 0 to 100%, respectively, and was generally highest during the spring and fall. Parasitization of cabbage looper immatures was highest in tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Parasitism by the parasitoid complex for the soybean looper larvae was high but eggs in soybeans were seldomly attacked by parasitoids. Tobacco budworm eggs were rarely parasitized in tobacco but were frequently parasitized in tomatoes and okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)Medik). Parasitization of tobacco budworm larvae in tobacco was usually over 50% and was mostly byCardiochiles nigriceps Viereck; fewC. nigriceps were found from the other plants.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374715
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