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  • 1980-1984  (12)
  • 1982  (12)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (10)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vapor-liquid equilibria for benzene/polybutadiene and cyclohexane/polybutadiene systems at 333, 355, and 373 K using gas chromatography (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 3067-3077 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A perturbation chromatography apparatus has been designed and constructed for determining the vapor-liquid equilibrium between a two-component (solvent/helium) vapor phase and a two-component (polymer/solvent) liquid phase. The apparatus performed very well, giving reproducible and reliable results that agree with independent, previously reported studies. All tests of the equipment indicated that it was successful in meeting the conditions of low column pressure drop, small perturbations, and slow flow rate that are required for perturbation chromatography. Binary polymer/solvent data were obtained for polybutadiene (PBD)/benzene or polybutadiene/cyclohexane systems at solvent partial pressures to 40 kPa and for n-hexane at infinite dilution, all at the three temperatures of 333.15, 355.00, and 373.15 K. The experimental data for each system can be represented within experimental error by the Flory-Huggins polymer solution theory using a single binary interaction parameter that is independent of temperature and concentration.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070270829
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of Benzo(a)pyrene by Human Epithelial and Fibroblastic Cells: Metabolite Patterns and DNA Adduct Formation (1982)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 18 (1982), S. 135-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: DNA adduct formation ; benzo(a)pyrene metabolism ; human cells ; mammary fibroblasts ; mammary epithelial cells ; metabolite patterns ; benzo(a)pyrene ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: We demonstrate in cell culture that mammary epithelial cells from normal human breast specimens metabolize benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and form adducts with the bases of their DNA more readily and at lower concentrations of BaP than do fibroblasts from the same specimens. BaP metabolism and adduct formation was determined in the same incubations with epithelial cells grown out in early passage from each of three specimens and with fibroblasts from one of these specimens. The metabolite pattern of the epithelial cells was indicative of preferential formation of 7, 8-dihydrodiol-9, 10-dihydroepoxybenzo(a)pyrene the ultimate carcinogen. In contrast, fibroblasts formed mainly mono- and dihydroxide derivatives of BaP. The metabolite pattern from epithelial cells was compatible with the ease in which adducts between DNA and the diolepoxide of benzo(a)pyrene were formed. These results provide evidence that chemical carcinogens should be considered as possible factors in the induction of breast cancer in women.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.1982.240180202
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in Raman vibrational bands of calf thymus DNA during the B-to-A transition (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 21 (1982), S. 499-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The B-to-A conformational transition of calf thymus DNA fibers was followed employing Raman spectroscopy. The transition was induced by soaking DNA fibers in water/ethanol mixtures increasing from 60 to 85% ethanol (v/v). Intensity changes of 17 Raman vibrational bands were quantified in the region from 400 to 860 cm-1. Two bands at 500 and 784 cm-1 were employed as internal standards. These bands do not appear to change in intensity with ethanol concentration. Large intensity changes relative to these two bands are observed between 70 and 74% ethanol for backbone vibrations at 708, 808, and 835 cm-1, and base vibrations at 682, 730, and 750 cm-1. These results indicate that a highly cooperative conformational change takes place between different portions of DNA in the B-to-A transition. Relative intensity changes preceding the onset of the major transition are observed in only two bands; at 835 cm-1, assigned to a ribose-phosphate vibration, and at 750 cm-1, assigned to thymine. The implications of these pretransition changes are discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360210303
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of guanethidine-induced sympathectomy on morphology of the pre- and postclosure lleum of the neonatal rat (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 164 (1982), S. 175-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The disappearance of the characteristic supranuclear vacuole and extensive apical canalicular system from enterocytes of the ileal villi occurs during the third postnatal week in rats. This phenomenon is associated with loss of permeability of these cells to macromolecules and is therefore termed closure. The present study was designed to analyze the influence of neonatal guanethidine (GTN)-induced sympathectomy on the morphology of the pre- and postclosure ileum of the rat. Light and electron microscopy of control and GTN-sympathectomized rats demonstrated the retention of immature, vacuolated cells on ileal villi as late as 23 days postnatally in GTN-treated rats. Villi from control rats contained only adultlike nonpermeable cells. Electron microscopy further demonstrated no structural differences in the apical canalicular system or storage vacuoles of the delayed cells in GTN rats when compared to the ileal epithelium from preclosure time periods (7 and 15 days) in both GTN-sympathectomized and control rats. Goblet cells were counted on Periodic-Acid-Schiff-stained sections of ileum from 7, 15, and 23-day GTN and control rats. The percentage of goblet cells in the total epithelial cell population of the villus was significantly higher in control versus GTN rats at all time periods. The percentage of goblet cells increased in both groups from day 7 to 15. However, closure in the control group (approximately day 18) was coincident with a steep increase in the percentage of ileal goblet cells which was not evident in the goblet-cell population of the GTN villus. This pattern of change in control versus GTN goblet-cell production was correlated with a similar pattern of variation in the number of crypt cell mitoses between the two groups over the same time period.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001640207
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of azido-polymers of butadiene (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 20 (1982), S. 1505-1516 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Iodine azide adds to cyclohexene in acetonitrile or 4:1 methylene chloride/acetonitrile to give trans-1-azido-2-iodocyclohexane. In methylene chloride this reaction gives a mixture of the cis-and trans-iodoazides owing to competing radical addition. Iodine azide adds to 1-hexene in acetonitrile by an ionic mechanism to give a 3:1 mixture of the 2-azido-1-azido- and 1-azido-2-iodohexanes. Dehydroiodination of the model iodoazides proceeds smoothly with potassium t-butoxide in diethyl ether or THF in the presence of 5 mol % 18-crown-6 at room temperature, giving in the previous example a mixture of 2-azido- and trans-1-azidohexenes. Polybutadiene, carboxyterminated poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene), and hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene gave iodoazide derivatives with up to 96% of the theoretical maximum nitrogen content and strong azide IR absorption. High azidoiodination gave polymer with N3/I ratios slightly higher than unity while low percent azidoiodination led to polymer with N3/I ratios of as low as 2:3. All of the nitrogen introduced was in the form of azide function. Dehydroiodination gave polymers with vinyl azide functionality and caused loss of some of the azide groups. All the azidoiodinated polymers decomposed between 120 and 160°C. The dehydroiodinated materials were less stable, decomposing between 100 and 150°C. The temperature of initial decomposition decreased as azide content increased. Polymers with 〉55-60% of the theoretical maximum azide content were shock sensitive.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1982.170200612
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyrolysis of polyacetylene (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 20 (1982), S. 2159-2167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thermal degradation of polyacetylene has been studied by pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (PGC-MS). The most abundant product is benzene, but significant quantities of other products are also produced. In decreasing order of yield, these are methane, ethylene, propylene, ethane, butadiene, toluene, and xylenes. A simple mechanism capable of accounting for most of the observed products is random chain scission followed by electron-proton exchanges and in some cases ring closure. The total material balance between proton-rich and proton-depleted products is within 10%.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1982.170200819
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnesium-chloride-supported high-mileage catalysts for olefin polymerization. III. Electron paramagnetic resonance studies (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 20 (1982), S. 2461-2476 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) was used to study a MgCl2-supported, high-mileage olefin polymerization catalyst. Anhydrous Toho MgCl2 was the starting material. Treatment with HCl at an elevated temperature, ethyl benzoate by ball-milling, p-cresol, AlEt3, and TiCl4produced a catalyst that contained a single EPR observable Ti+3 species A, which was strongly attached to the catalyst surface, had a D3h symmetry, and no other Ti+3 ion in an immediately adjacent site. Species A constitutes only 20% of all the trivalent titaniums; the remainder is EPR-silent and may be attributed to those Ti+3 ions that have adjacent sites occupied by one or more Ti+3 ions. Activation with preformed AlEt3/methyl-p-toluate complexes produced a single Ti+3 species (C) with rhombic symmetry and displaying 27Al superhyperfin splitting which has attributes for a stereospecific active site. This species is unstable under polymerization conditions and is transformed to another species with axial symmetry and solubilization. Both processes could lead to catalyst deactivation and loss of stereospecificity. Catalysts activated by AlEt3 and methyl-p-toluate separately in various sequential orders produced a multitude of EPR-observable Ti+3 species with varying degrees of motional freedom deemed detrimental to stereospecific polymerization of α-olefins.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1982.170200909
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron diffraction study of pristine-and iodine-doped poly(cis-acetylene) (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 20 (1982), S. 97-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1982.130200204
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of iodine doped polyacetylene (1982)
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 3 (1982), S. 269-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1982.030030503
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An estimate of bond length alternation in trans-polyacetylene (1982)
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 3 (1982), S. 655-659 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1982.030031001
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