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  • 1980-1984  (2)
  • 1984  (2)
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  • 1980-1984  (2)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Supernumerary chromosomes have been reported in many species particularly in the Orthoptera. Although it is assumed that these chromosomes are ultimately derived from elements of the standard karyotype, in no case recorded is there convincing evidence of even partial homology between true supernumeraries and other chromosomes. In the present paper, a very rare B chromosome in the grasshopperAtractomorpha similis is reported. It associates specifically and persistently with a large segment on Autosome 5 (A5). Associations were seen in 29 out of 288 meiocytes scored, and persisted to Anaphase I. At least four of the 29 associations appear to be of a genuinely chiasmate nature, implying some degree of homology. The A5 segment is itself supernumerary, occurring in 8% of individuals scored. Supernumerary segment polymorphism is extremely common in this species, as is germ line polysomy for Autosome 9. In the light of these pecularities, a possible mode of derivation, involving Autosome 9, is proposed for the B chromosome in question. Supernumeraries of the closely related speciesA. australis are also discussed insofar as they suggest the occurrence of seemingly diverse modes of B chromosome derivation within the genusAtractomorpha.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 12 (1984), S. 235-239 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Coagulase-negative staphylococci are the predominant organisms causing infection of intravasal catheters and implanted plastic material. They are able to adhere to and grow on polymer surfaces. During the course of colonization they produce large amounts of an extracellular slime substance by which they are finally covered completely. It is supposed that this matrix of slime protects the embedded staphylococci against antibacterial substances and natural host defenses. The slime substance is not a true capsule but is loosely bound to the staphylococcal cells. It seems to have interesting biological properties such as an adhesin-like function and the ability to inhibit the lymphoproliferative response of mononuclear cells.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Koagulase-negative Staphylokokken sind die häufigsten Erreger von Infektionen intravasaler Katheter und von Kunststoffimplantaten. Sie haben die Fähigkeit, an Plastikoberflächen zu adhärieren und dort zu wachsen. Während der Kolonisierung bilden sie große Mengen einer extrazellulären Schleimsubstanz, von der sie schließlich völlig umscheidet werden. Es ist anzunehmen, daß diese Schleimmatrix die eingeschlossenen Staphylokokken sowohl gegen antibakterielle Substanzen wie auch gegen körpereigene Abwehrmechanismen schützen kann. Die Schleimsubstanz ist keine echte Kapsel, sondern nur locker an die Staphylokokken gebunden. Sie besitzt offensichtlich eine Reihe von interessanten biologischen Eigenschaften, wie eine Adhäsin-Funktion und die Fähigkeit, die lymphoproliferative Antwort mononukleärer Zellen zu hemmen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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