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  • 1985-1989  (10)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1985  (10)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 22 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: This study investigated modulation of the acoustic cardiac reflex (ACR) in human neonates. Three groups of 16 human neonates born at term were presented an abrupt cardioacceleratory auditory stimulus during awake (AW), quiet sleep (QS), and active sleep (AS) states of wakefulness. On 3/4 of the trials this stimulus was preceded by a continuous pure tone at lead times of either 100, 250, or 4000 ms. Across state, prestimulation modified the amplitude and pattern of the neonatal ACR. Relative to trials without prestimulation, the 100-ms lead inhibited, whereas the 250-ms and the 4000-ms lead stimului enhanced the ACR. During AS, neonates exhibited a triphasic ACR that returned to baseline within 9 s in contrast to the sustained responses in AW and QS states. The results demonstrate central inhibitory and facilatatory control over the ACR early in postnatal life. The pattern of results is consistent with the adult pattern of acoustic startle modulation, as is the absence of significant state effects. Given data from 2-month-old infants suggesting an absence of inhibitory effects in acoustic modulation of cardiac startle, it appears that there are non-linear changes in this basic sensory processing mechanism during the first months after birth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 113 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Palisaded encapsulated neuromas (PFN) are uncommon benign neural neoplasms of the skin, first described by Reed, Fine and Meltzer (1972). Sixty consecutive cases of PEN were reviewed. Clinically these asymptomatic lesions appeared as shiny, dome-shaped, flesh- coloured, firm, 2–6 mm papules that were present for a few months to several years. Only twice was the correct diagnosis made, the usual clinical impression being basal cell carcinoma or melanocytic naevus. All lesions were solitary, most occurring on the central face, nose or lips, of middle-aged individuals of both sexes. Less than 10% occurred outside the facial area.By light microscopy, well-demarcated single or multiple nodules composed of fascicles of spindle cells were seen in the dermis. No mast cells were present and there were no areas resembling Antoni type B tissue. By electron microscopy (EM) the tumour consists of interlacing bundles of Schwann cells admixed with many non-myelinated C fibres. Only a few axons are myelinated.PEN should be included in the differential diagnosis of fiesh-coloured papules on the face. These are true neuromas that are distinctive pathologically and can be easily differentiated from neurilemmomas and neurofibromas. They most closely resemble traumatic neuromas but lack fibrosis surrounding the nerve bundles. They also are similar to neuromas in the multiple mucosal neuromata syndrome (Williams & Pollock, 1966; Reed et al., 1972). We speculate that minor injury to facial skin damages small peripheral nerve fascicles leading to proliferation of axons in a fashion similar to traumatic neuroma formation. As the lesion matures many of the small bundles of nerve regress, leaving either single or multiple lobules of axonal and Schwannian proliferation to produce the true neuroma seen on EM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Complex giant cell granulomas were induced within the testis of mature rainbow trout following immunization with testis in Freund's complete adjuvant. Although such granulomas could completely fill the seminiferous tubules and sperm duct, they had no inhibitory effect on spermato-genesis during a subsequent maturation. Germ cells developed normally around the periphery of the granulomas. The spermatozoa produced, however, were often prevented from being released by the presence of these long-term granulomas within the sperm duct.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 314 (1985), S. 724-727 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Location of Caledonian Suture Seismic Project (CSSP), with details for Irish Sea to North Sea, showing also the supposed lapetus suture1 (IS) and the LISPB line2. Fig. 2 a, Seismic recordings of North Sea shots N1-N29 at station S32 (Fig. 1) reduced to a velocity of 6.0 km s"1, showing main ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Austin, Tex. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Social science quarterly. 66:4 (1985:Dec.) 1001 
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  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Austin, Tex. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Social science quarterly. 66:4 (1985:Dec.) 1004 
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  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    New York : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of Memory and Language. 24:6 (1985:Dec.) 679 
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 37 (1985), S. 89-94 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Schistocerca gregaria ; insect host choice ; insect water balance ; physiology of preference
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'étude a porté sur les bases physiologiques de la régulation comportementale de l'équilibre hydrique par alimentation différentielle chez S. gregaria. Les teneurs en eau (pourcentage du poids du corps) et les volumes d'hémolymphe des criquets ayant eu la possibilité de moduler leur apport en eau en conssommant des aliments à forte teneur en eau (frais) ou à faible teneur (secs), étaient intermédiaires entre ceux des criquets ayant l'un ou l'autre exclusivement. Les criquets, ayant uniquement des aliments frais avant des expériences sans choix, ont présenté des temps de latence prolongés et des repas relativement brefs sur aliments frais, et des temps de latence brefs et des repas abondants sur aliments secs; les résultats ont été inversés quand l'alimentation préalable était sur nourriture sèche. Ces résultats sont partiellement simulés par des altérations du volume et de la pression osmotique de l'hémolymphe. L'augmentation de la concentration de l'hémolymphe entraîne des repas moins abondants sur aliments frais et secs, vraisemblablement par suite de signaux de satiété. L'augmentation du volume en ajoutant 75 μl de solution physiologique n'a pas modifié la taille du repas sur les deux types d'aliments, mais la dilution de l'hémolymphe par un volume égal d'eau distillée a induit des repas plus importants sur aliment sec, et plus petit sur aliment frais. Une augmentation de volume plus importante, de 150 μl, réduisait la taille du repas sur aliment frais, mais pas sur aliment sec. Le prélèvement d'environ 75 μl d'hémolymphe a été sans effet; mais, combiné avec l'augmentation de la pression osmotique, il a réduit la taille du repas sur aliment sec (comme l'augmentation de la pression osmotique seule), mais a augmenté la taille du repas sur aliment frais. Ce dernier résultat est semblable à ceux obtenus lors des études du déterminisme de l'abreuvement. La discussion porte sur la relation entre le contrôle de l'absorption de l'eau et des aliments.
    Notes: Abstract The physiological factors responsible for behavioral regulation of water balance by differential feeding in Schistocerca gregaria were investigated. Locusts given the option to regulate their water intake by feeding on high-water content (wet) food or low-water content (dry) food had values for percent body water and hemolymph volumes intermediate between those for locusts given either food exclusively. Locusts given wet food only prior to no-choice tests had relatively small meals and long latencies to feed on wet food and large meals and short latencies to feed on dry food. Increasing volume by adding 75 μl normal saline did not alter meal size on either food, while locusts given dry food prior to testing had the opposite behavior. Increasing hemolymph concentration led to smaller meals on both wet and dry food, but diluting the hemolymph by an equal volume of distilled water resulted in larger meals on dry food and smaller meals on wet food. Removing an equal volume of hemolymph had no effect, but combining hemolymph removal with increased osmotic pressure reduced the meal size on dry food and increased meal size on wet food.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 37 (1985), S. 105-112 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Schistocerca gregaria ; insect growth ; insect host choice ; insect preference ; insect water balance ; locust feeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'étude de larves de dernier stade de Schistocerca gregaria confirme les observations sur les acridiens d'une préférence apparemment labile pour les aliments à différentes teneurs en eau. Des observations sur les choix à court et à long termes rélèvent que le régime alimentaire antérieur, par son action sur le régime hydrique du criquet et sur sa prise totale de nourriture, peut influer sur le comportement alimentaire face à des aliments à forte teneur en eau (humides ou frais) ou à faible teneur (secs). Des criquets, approvisionnés uniquement en aliments secs ou frais pendant les 3 jours précédant l'expérience, choisissent de préférence la catégorie d'aliments non fournie pendant ce prétraitement. Par comparaison avec des criquets ayant eu la possibilité d'ajuster leur apport en eau avant l'expérience, ils présentaient une diminution du temps de latence avant de s'alimenter, une prolongation de la durée des repas et une diminution du nombre de changements de type d'aliments. II est suggéré que le comportement des criquets, à régime alimentaire composé d'un seul type, a plusieurs causes associées, en particulier la répulsion pour le végétal, la perturbation de l'état hydrique du criquet, et la faim chronique. Des tests sur les préférences à long terme montrent que des larves de 5ème stade ayant eu un choix continu entre aliments frais et secs prirent significativement plus de leur matière totale d'aliments secs jusqu'à ce qu'elles parviennent au dernier jour d'alimentation du stade (jour 9), alors elle prélevèrent 97% de leur matière sèche totale d'aliments frais. Cette régulation comportementale de l'absorption d'eau et de matière sèche est adaptative: des criquets ayant accès à une alimentation mixte (nourriture sèche et fraîche) ont unt croissance supérieure à ceux nourris exclusivement d'aliments frais. La croissance supérieure est due pour beaucoup à une consommation accrue de matière sèche, avec une légère contribution de l'amélioration de l'efficacité digestive et de la réduction du taux de respiration.
    Notes: Abstract An apparent fluctuating preference in acridids for food of different water contents is confirmed for Schistocerca gregaria nymphs. Short- and long-term preference tests reveal that previous diet, through its effect on locust water balance and overall food intake, can influence feeding behavior on high-water content (wet) and low-water content (dry) food. Locusts given only wet or dry food for 3 days prior to testing initially chose the food not received in pretreatment when given a choice of the two. They had decreased latencies to feed, increased meal length and decreased switching between food types as compared with locusts given the option to regulate water intake before testing. It is suggested that the behavior of the single-diet locusts has several related causes, among them, deterrence of the food, disturbed water balance in the locust, and chronic hunger. Long-term preference tests reveal that fifth-instar locusts given a continuous choice between wet and dry food take significantly more of their total dry matter from dry food each day until the last feeding day of the instar (day 9), when they take 97% of their total dry matter from wet food. This behavioral regulation of water and dry matter intake is adaptive: locusts with access to a mixed diet of wet and dry food have increased growth as compared with ones given only wet food. The growth increase is due largely to increased dry matter consumption, with some contribution from increased digestive efficiency and reduction in respiratory rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Sex roles 13 (1985), S. 475-484 
    ISSN: 1573-2762
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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