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Digitale Medien

Nephrotoxicity of sodium dichromate depending on the route of administration (1991)

Kim, Eun ; Na, Ki Jung

Springer

Archives of toxicology 65 (1991), S. 537-541

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ISSN: 1432-0738

Schlagwort(e): Sodium dichromate ; Nephrotoxicity ; Hepatotoxicity ; Lipid peroxidation ; Phenobarbital

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Medizin

Notizen: Abstract A comparison of the effects of intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes of administration of sodium dichromate on nephrotoxicity in rats was studied. Dichromate when injected subcutaneously (SC group) produced a higher degree of nephrotoxicity than when administered intraperitoneally (IP group). It caused severe progressive proteinuria followed by polyuria and glucosuria, reaching maximum levels at 3 days after treatment in the SC group, whereas it produced mild proteinuria without glucosuria in the IP group. The dose-dependent increases in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine concentrations, shown in the SC group, were not observed in the IP group. However, between the two groups, there were no great differences in either the urinary excretion rate of chromium or the electrophoretic patterns of urinary protein in the day 1 urine specimens. Pretreatment of phenobarbital (PB) had no remarkable effect on the dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity. In contrast, it potentiated dichromate-induced hepatotoxicity, the indices of which were the elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and hepatic lipid peroxide formation. These results suggest that the dependence of dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity on the route of administration is related to the chemical forms of chromium reaching the kidney, and the necrotizing property of dichromate results from its metabolic fate in vivo.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01973713

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Digitale Medien

Graft copolymer of gelatin/butyl acrylate and its use in the dye transferring blank film (1989)

Li, Zhi-Chong ; Fu, Zhi-Feng ; Huang, Ming-Zhi ; [weitere]

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Applied Polymer Science 38 (1989), S. 2171-2182

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ISSN: 0021-8995

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik

Notizen: Butyl acrylate was graft copolymerized onto gelatin using ceric ammonium nitrate as redox initiator. A series of grafted products with various gelatin-to-butyl acrylate ratios were prepared. The molecular weight of the grafted side chains and the number of grafting sites were measured. The possible grafting sites on gelatin macromolecules were pointed out through amino acid analysis. The electron micrograph and DSC analysis showed that the grafted chain (PBA) and backbone gelatin were in separated phases. The graft copolymer was used in the receiving layer of the dye transfer blank film, and the photographic, dye transfer printing, and some physicomechanical properties were studied with satisfactory results.

Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.