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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complex formation of polyethylenimine with sodium triflate and conductivity behavior of the complexes (1986)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 19 (1986), S. 987-989 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00158a009
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of chemical reactivity in the condensed phase. II. Vibrational relaxation of iodine in liquid xenon following geminate recombination (1986)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 85 (1986), S. 3699-3700 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The geminate recombination of iodine atoms in xenon solutions, has been studied by monitoring the transient absorptions at wavelengths between 350 and 1000 nm.(AIP) ;m
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.450938
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of chemical reactivity in the condensed phase. I. The dynamics of iodine photodissociation and recombination on a picosecond time scale and comparison to theories for chemical reactions in solution (1986)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 84 (1986), S. 788-806 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Picosecond transient absorption measurements from 1000–295 nm are used to monitor the recombination dynamics of iodine after photodissociation in a variety of inert solvents. The high time resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of these measurements permits the development of a detailed model of this reaction, which should resolve disagreements over the time scales of geminate recombination and vibrational relaxation and over the role of excited electronic state trapping. Most of the atoms which undergo geminate recombination do so in ≤15 ps, in agreement with the predictions of existing molecular dynamics simulations. The subsequent vibrational and electronic energy relaxation of the recombined molecule is relatively slow and accounts for most of the transient absorption dynamics. The relaxing X-state vibrational population distribution is extracted with an approximate method using calculated spectra of the excited vibrational levels and is compared to recent models. Vibrational relaxation times vary from ∼15 ps near the middle of the ground state well to ∼150 ps for complete relaxation to v=0. The vibrational relaxation rates do not provide support for the predicted role of resonant vibration-to-vibration energy transfer to chlorinated methane solvents, but some evidence for this mechanism is found in alkane solvents. B-state predissociation times of 10–15 ps and A'-state lifetimes of 65–2700 ps are found depending on the solvent. Current theory is not able to satisfactorily explain the large variation of the A'-state lifetime in various solvents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.450578
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of Action of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (1986)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Physiology 48 (1986), S. 495-513 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4278
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ph.48.030186.002431
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Withdrawal from chronic nicotine substitutes partially for the interoceptive stimulus produced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) (1986)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 90 (1986), S. 85-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Pentylenetetrazol ; Drug dependence ; Withdrawal ; Mecamylamine ; Discrimination ; Diazepam ; Nicotine ; Anxiety
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rats were trained on an FR10 schedule of food reinforcement to press one lever after pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), 20 mg/kg, IP, and an alternate lever after saline. After acute nicotine, 0.64 mg/kg, SC, 35% of the rats pressed the PTZ-lever. Diazepam, 5 mg/kg, IP, blocked the stimulus produced by PTZ, and mecamylamine, 5 mg/kg, IP, blocked the stimulus produced by nicotine. Training was then suspended and rats were treated with nicotine, at 8-h intervals, 0.64 mg/kg on the 1st day, and 1.25 mg/kg on subsequent days, for 21 days. To determine whether nicotine withdrawal substitutes for the stimulus produced by PTZ, rats were tested with saline at various times after chronic nicotine injections. Data from this part of the study were replicated in another group given nicotine for 15 days. Saline at 8 h after nicotine (five determinations each group) produced a small but stable degree of PTZ lever selection (35±4%). At 48 h after termination of nicotine treatment, the percentage of rats selecting the PTZ lever (50%) was greater than that in a control group tested after an equivalent period without training. The PTZ-like stimulus detected after chronic nicotine was not altered by mecamylamine, was additive with PTZ, and was blocked by diazepam. These data suggest that withdrawal from chronic nicotine produces a weak PTZ-like stimulus, which can be antagonized by an anxiolytic drug.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00172876
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Approximation with generalized hyperexponential distributions: Weak convergence results (1986)
    Springer
    Queueing systems 1 (1986), S. 169-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9443
    Keywords: Approximation ; convergence in distribution ; denseness, Erlang distribution ; generalized hyperexponential distribution ; method of stages ; weak convergence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Generalized hyperexponential (GH) distributions are linear combinations of exponential CDFs with mixing parameters (positive and negative) that sum to unity. The denseness of the class GH with respect to the class of all CDFs defined on [0, ∞) is established by showing that a GH distribution can be found that is as close to a given CDF as desired, with respect to a suitably defined metric. The metric induces the usual topology of weak convergence so that, equivalently, there exists a sequence of GH CDFs that converges weakly to a given CDF. This result is established by using a similar result for weak convergence of Erlang mixtures. Various set inclusion relations are also obtained relating the GH distributions to other commonly used classes of approximating distributions, including generalized Erlang (GE), mixed generalized Erlang (MGE), those with reciprocal polynomial Laplace transforms (K n ), those with rational Laplace transforms (R n ), and phase-type (PH) distributions. A brief survey of the history and use of approximating distributions in queueing theory is also included.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01536187
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ultrastructural comparison of neuromuscular junctions in normal and developmentally arrested Rana pipiens larvae: Limited maturation in the absence of metamorphosis (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 176 (1986), S. 83-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Neuromuscular junctions in the rectus abdominis muscles of normal and developmentally arrested Rana pipiens larvae were studied with freeze fracture and conventional electron microscopy to determine whether structural aspects of junctional maturation depend on metamorphosis. Comparison was made between junctions in premetamorphic larvae 1-3 months old and junctions in larvae that had remained in premetamorphosis for more than a year (more than four times as long as normal). In most respects, junctions from the two groups of larvae were similar. Unlike adult junctions, nerve-muscle contacts in both larval groups were pleomorphic and often involved more than one neuronal process; Schwann cell processes very rarely extended between nerve and muscle. Active zone structure ranged from total disorganization to an adult pattern of highly ordered double rows of particles aligned over junctional folds. Only quantitative analysis revealed differences between junctions in old and young larvae. The older larvae had fewer nerve-muscle contact sites involving multiple neuronal elements and a higher ratio of active zone length to presynaptic membrane area, although the mean active zone length was the same in the two groups. The results indicate that the maturation of junctional shape, the branching pattern of the axons, and the relationship of presynaptic axons to Schwann cells must be directly or indirectly dependent on the hormonal or behavioral changes associated with metamorphosis.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001760107
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