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Physiological and morphological evidence of brassinosteroid-biosynthesis inhibition by the fungicide imazalil (2003)

Werbrouck, Stefaan P. O. ; Saibo, Nelson J. M. ; Dhuyvetter, Hilde ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers

Physiologia plantarum 119 (2003), S. 0

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ISSN: 1399-3054

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology

Notes: Dark germinated Arabidopsis thaliana Ler seedlings grown on medium with the commonly used imidazole-type fungicide imazalil (IMA) resemble de-etiolated (det) brassinosteroid-deficient mutants. IMA hampers cell elongation in the hypocotyl, but stimulates radial expansion during dark growth. This phenotype could partially be restored by simultaneous addition of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR). A complete restoration of the hypocotyl length could only be achieved by combining EBR and gibberellic acid. As Arabidopsis thaliana etr1-3 de-etiolates on IMA containing medium in the dark, in the same dose-dependent manner as the wild type, its effects cannot be attributed to the induction of extra ethylene production. Studies with A. thaliana seedlings expressing CPD::GUS show that IMA up-regulates the expression of CPD, which encodes a key cytochrome P450 enzyme in the brassinosteroid (BR)-biosynthesis pathway. This effect is reverted by EBR, indicating that the up-regulation of CPD by IMA might result from the lack of end product brassinolide. Together these data suggest that, in Arabidopsis, one of the effects of IMA is an inhibition of BR-biosynthesis. IMA is an available and cheap agrochemical that might be a valuable tool for future brassinosteroid research.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2003.00155.x

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Feasibility of enzymatic hydrolysis and alcoholic fermentation of starch contained in buffalo gourd (Cucurbita foetidissima) roots (1987)

Scheerens, J. C. ; kopplin, M. J. ; Abbas, I. R. ; [et al.]

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Biotechnology and Bioengineering 29 (1987), S. 436-444

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ISSN: 0006-3592

Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Notes: The suitability of using annually grown, carrot-sized buffalo gourd (Cucurbita foetidissima) roots as a feedstock for alcoholic fermentation was explored. Roots grown in 1982 and 1983 were slurried, dextrinized and saccharified using Takatherm™ and Diazyme™ (commercial enzymes manufactured by Miles Laboratories), and fermented by the action of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These processes were monitored in detail and results were compared with those displayed by controls formulated using potato tubers. The preparation of gourd root slurries with suitable viscosity characteristics for enzymatic digestion required the addition of water (at least 50% by weight) which reduced the proportion of fermentable sugars in the resulting saccharified suspensions. The resulting slurries were well-suited to enzymatic conversion of starch to sugar. Estimates of enzymatic efficiency in gourd root suspensions did not suggest the presence of naturally occurring amylase or glucosidase inhibitors in these plant materials. Saccharified gourd root mashes supported yeast growth well and produced ethanol yields at 82.2-86.5% of the theoretically maximum efficiency.

Additional Material: 2 Ill.