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  • 1985-1989  (3)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1987  (3)
  • Cerebrospinal fluid  (1)
  • Force-velocity relationship  (1)
  • Productivity
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 3 (1987), S. 106-109 
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Hydrocephalus ; Meningomyelocele ; Congenital hydrocephalus ; Cerebrospinal fluid ; Shunt ; Infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 431 patients who underwent their first cerebrospinal fluid shunt insertion at Children's Memorial Hospital over a 10-year period were retrospectively studied with regard to the relationship between the etiology of the hydrocephalus, age at the time of shunt placement, and infection rate. Forty percent of the patients had constrictive hydrocephalus and meningomyelocele, 33% congenital communicating or obstructive hydrocephalus, and 18% tumors. Intraventricular hemorrhage and meningitis accounted for the remaining 8%. Eighty-three percent of the patients were less than 1 year old at the time of surgery; 18% were 1 week old or younger. A total of 1,485 procedures were performed with an average of 3 procedures per patient. Ninety-six patients had infections, resulting in a 22% infection rate per patient and a 6% infection rate per procedure. No significant correlation was evident between etiology of the hydrocephalus and infection rate (P〉0.05), even though meningomyelocele patients seemed to be more prone to infection than congenital hydrocephalus patients (P=0.06). Age at the time of shunt placement was related to infection rate, with younger patients having more infections than older ones (P〈0.01). More in-depth analysis of the relationship between age and infection rate was possible in the meningomyelocele and congenital hydrocephalus groups, owing to the significant number of these patients that fell into each one of the subdivisions chosen with respect to age at the time of shunt placement. Meningomyelocele patients shunted in the first week of life have a higher infection rate than those shunted at 2 weeks of age or older (P〈0.01). The same is not true for the congenital hydrocephalus patients (P〉0.5). It is suggested that, whenever feasible, meningomyelocele patients be shunted at 2 weeks of age or later.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 56 (1987), S. 693-698 
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Anaerobic power ; Human ; Muscle ; Temperature ; Force-velocity relationship
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of changing muscle temperature on performance of short term dynamic exercise in man was studied. Four subjects performed 20 s maximal sprint efforts at a constant pedalling rate of 95 crank rev · min−1 on an isokinetic cycle ergometer under four temperature conditions: from rest at room temperature; and following 45 min of leg immersion in water baths at 44; 18; and 12
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 19 (1987), S. 3-26 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Captive propagation ; Extinction ; Genetic variability ; Evolution ; Speciation ; Lates niloticus ; Nile perch ; Haplochromines ; Tilapia ; Clupeids ; Oil pollution ; Productivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Man has been associated with a variety of lakes throughout his evolutionary history in Africa. Lakeside dwellers have a close association with and understanding of these lakes. In the past four decades, however, overexploitation, introductions of alien fishes and the possibility of oil pollution present frightening prospects of irreversible losses and massive extinction. The development of scientific understanding of the life support processes, the ecosystems and the rich communities of these lakes has been so outpaced by exploitation and manipulations that accurate predictions regarding the future are impossible. Shallow lakes are more sensitive to physico-chemical changes caused by climatic as well as agricultural and industrial development than deep lakes, but their biotae are endowed with a resilience which facilitates recovery from major depletions to population size. In contrast, the speciose endemic cichlid faunae of deep lakes are sensitive to fishing pressure, are awkward to manage and should be regarded as representing a much smaller resource than initially imagined. The clupeids of Lake Tanganyika can sustain intensive fishing, but their introduction into other natural lakes is not recommended. Enormous changes to native faunae followed the introduction of Lates niloticus to lakes Kyoga and Victoria with dramatic consequences for the fisheries, for the socio-economic status of the region and for the maintenance of biotic diversity. Extinction of almost 300 fish species is a possible further consequence of L. niloticus predation. Intensive selective fishing for L. niloticus is being initiated, but is unlikely to resolve the problem. In the time necessary to substantially reduce L. niloticus, numerous endemic fishes may suffer extinction. A viable alternative to extinction of these species is captive propagation. Conservation of fishes by captive propagation is not a common or well documented practice. To encourage the acceptance of this conservation option a theoretical scenario in which the concepts and protocols are applied to the fishes of Lake Victoria is given. The possibility of returning rescued populations to the lake at a later date, assuming L. niloticus populations have been reduced, is also discussed. It is recommended that captive propagation should be practised to conserve species and to retain the option of returning rescued taxa. Scientists are urged to seek the funding to study tropical ecosystems so that conservation and rational development may acquire a sound foundation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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