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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of chemical reactivity in the condensed phase. IV. Density dependent molecular dynamics simulations of vibrational relaxation in simple liquids (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 6687-6696 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular dynamics simulations of the photodissociation/recombination process for iodine in liquid xenon at several densities are reported in this paper. These simulations were performed to aid in the understanding and interpretation of recent picosecond experimental investigations on model chemical reaction systems. From these calculations, it was found that geminate recombination occurs primarily within a few picoseconds at all densities considered. This is in agreement with previous molecular dynamics simulations with significantly smaller systems, and with the current interpretation of experimental results. Simulated iodine ground electronic state vibrational relaxation times range from about 1 ns at the lowest density to approximately 250 ps at the highest density reported here. In addition, the functional form of the decay of the average iodine vibrational energy was observed to be nearly independent of density. This result is discussed in terms of simple gas phase isolated binary collision models. Various force correlation functions projected onto the iodine vibrational coordinate were also examined, and indicate that the iodine molecule significantly perturbs the local solvent environment. These force correlation functions may be helpful when assessing the usefulness of liquid phase theories of vibrational relaxation of highly excited molecules. Finally, the simulation results on iodine vibrational relaxation are compared with the available experimental data. These comparisons indicate that the molecular dynamics calculations overestimate the rate of vibrational relaxation over the lower third of the iodine ground electronic state potential surface, and that the efficiency of V–TR transfer, relative to V–V transfer, may have been underestimated. The sensitivity of these results to several system parameters are analyzed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.455341
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Nature of Simple Photodissociation Reactions in Liquids on Ultrafast Time Scales (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Physical Chemistry 39 (1988), S. 341-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-426X
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pc.39.100188.002013
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of thiopentone, etomidate and propofol on the haemodynamic response to tracheal intubation (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 43 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The haemodynamic response to tracheal intubation was compared in 303 patients in whom anaesthesia was induced with either thiopentone 4 mg/kg, etomidate 0.3 mg/kg or propofol 2.5 mg/kg, with and without fentanyl 2 μg/kg. There was after propofol alone a significant decrease in arterial blood pressure, which did not increase above control values after intubation. Significant increases in arterial pressure followed intubation in patients induced with thiopentone or etomidate alone. Increases in heart rate occurred with all agents after laryngoscopy. The use of fentanyl resulted in arterial pressures lower than those after the induction agent alone, and in an attentuation, but not abolition of the responses to largyngoscopy and intubation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1988.tb09065.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantal detection and homogeneous sensitivity in a pentylenetetrazol discrimination (1988)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 94 (1988), S. 183-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Drug discrimination ; Pentylenetetrazol ; Operant behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rats were trained to discriminate pentylenetetrazol (PTZ, 20 mg/kg) from saline in a two-lever operant task. Correct lever presses were reinforced with food under the control of a fixed ratio 10 schedule. In tests of the effect of PTZ dose on level selection, rats selected the PTZ lever in a dose-dependent manner, with peak latency at the approximate ED50 dose (10 mg/kg). Rats usually pressed only the selected lever, regardless of dose, indicating that lever selection was a quantal (or bimodal) function of stimulus intensity. Lever biases observed during training sessions did not predict the performance of individual rats in tests with the ED50 dose. In three independent trials with this intermediate dosage, the rats selecting the PTZ lever varied from trial to trial, suggesting that rats detecting this dose did not form a stable subgroup. The pattern of lever selections across these three trials was not significantly different from that predicted by a model in which all subjects shared the same probability for detecting the drug stimulus. These results demonstrate that lever selection in a two-lever drugdiscrimination task can be quantal in nature, and suggest that rats trained with PTZ, 20 mg/kg, are homogeneous in sensitivity to this stimulus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176842
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytomembranous inclusions in the brain of a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (1988)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 76 (1988), S. 101-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: AIDS ; Confronting cylindrical cisterns ; Cytomembranous inclusions ; Tubuloreticular inclusions ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ultrastructural studies of cells and tissues in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have revealed two distinct cytomembranous inclusions referred to as “tubuloreticular inclusions” (TRI) and “confronting cylindrical cisterns” (CCC). TRI are found most often in leukocytes and endothelial cells in conditions with elevated levels of alpha-interferon, such as viral infections, autoimmune diseases and certain neoplasms. On the other hand, CCC are detected almost exclusively in mononuclear inflammatory cells and are limited to a few conditions, of which AIDS is the most common. CCC have been proposed as an ultrastructural marker for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We describe CCC in mononuclear inflammatory cells in the brain of a patient with AIDS. Finding CCC in brain tissue with no other specific feature such as multinucleated giant cells, nevertheless, should alert the neuropathologist to the possibility that the patient might have AIDS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687686
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  • 6
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    D. Lowenthal, "The Past is a Foreign Country" (Book Review) (1988)
    London : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of historical geography. 14:3 (1988:July) 309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7488
    Topics: Geography
    Description / Table of Contents: Other Studies
    Notes: Reviews
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:h349-1988-014-03-000025
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The application of immunoassays and fluorometry to the detection of polycyclic hydrocarbon-macromolecular adducts and anti-adduct antibodies in humans (1988)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 60 (1988), S. 157-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Environment ; Pollution ; Carcinogens ; Dosimetry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The metabolic activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) to chemical species that form covalent adducts with cellular macromolecules (DNA and protein) is central to theories of carcinogenesis. Assays are currently being developed that will accurately reflect human macromolecular exposure to these carcinogens. Immunoassays are capable of detecting low levels of PAH-DNA adducts and antibodies directed against these adducts in humans and HPLC/spectrophotofluorimetry allows the detection of carcinogen-DNA or carcinogen-protein adducts in human peripheral blood. Both types of method have inherent advantages and disadvantages, and the use of more than one type of corroborative assay is a feature in our work. Simplified but highly specific synchronous fluorescence spectra have been obtained for BP-tetrols after mild acid hydrolysis and HPLC of sample materials. When using a wavelength difference of 34 nm to drive the excitation and emission monochromators simultaneously, the pyrene fluorophore, when present, has a signature peak at 345nm (excitation). The results of immunoassays demonstrate human exposure to PAH as a class of carcinogen, since serological cross-reactivity of antibodies does not limit detection in this system to a single chemical compound. In addition the formation in humans of anti-PAH-DNA antibodies has been shown, presumably in response to both past and present exposure to the parent compounds. In summary the results of each assay can indicate human exposure to PAH and have the potential for molecular dosimetry of this exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378691
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