Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 1990-1994  (2)
  • 1985-1989  (5)
  • 1992  (2)
  • 1989  (5)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Intrinsic nerves ; isolated rat pancreas ; insulin ; somatostatin ; glucagon ; glucose ; adrenergic ; cholinergic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the isolated rat pancreas the effect of intrapancreatic non-adrenergic non-cholinergic nerves was examined upon insulin, glucagon and somatostatin release during perturbations of perfusate glucose. Elevation of glucose from 1.6 to 8.3 mmol/l increased insulin and somatostatin secretion and inhibited glucagon release. The first phase of insulin secretion was significantly reduced by the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin to 55% of the controls (p〈0.05). The somatostatin response was attenuated by tetrodotoxin while the change of glucagon remained unaffected. In contrast the combined adrenergic and cholinergic blockade with atropine, phentolamine and propranolol (10−5mol/l) did not modify the insulin, glucagon and somatostatin response. When glucose was changed from 8.3 to 1.6 mmol/l, the reduction of insulin and somatostatin release was not modified by tetrodotoxin, but stimulation of glucagon was significantly attenuated by 60–70% (p〈0.03), which was similar to the effect of combined adrenergic and cholinergic blockade. Subsequently, the effect of neural blockade was examined during more physiological perturbations of perfusate glucose levels. When glucose was changed from 3.9 to 7.2 mmol/l, tetrodotoxin also attenuated first phase insulin response by 40% while cholinergic and adrenergic blockade had no effect. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-Nitro-l-arginine-methylester (l-NAME) did not alter the glucose-induced insulin response indicating that nitric oxide is not involved in this mechanism. It is concluded that neural non-adrenergic noncholinergic mechanisms contribute to the first, but not second phase of glucose-induced insulin release. Non-adrenergic non-cholinergic effects do not participate in regulation of glucagon and somatostatin secretion under the conditions employed. The non-adrenergic non-cholinergic effect is most likely of peptidergic nature and remains to be examined in greater detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei polymikrobiellen Infektionen ist es wesentlich, Chemotherapeutika ohne oder mit nur schwacher Wirksamkeit gegen Anaerobier mit Metronidazol oder Clindamycin zu kombinieren. Die Auswirkungen der Assoziationen von anaeroben und fakultativ anaeroben Erregern auf die MBK von Enoxacin, Clindamycin, Metronidazol und den Kombinationen Enoxacin plus Clindamycin oder Metronidazol wurde untersucht. Die MBK vonBacteroides fragilis sowohl in Einzel- als auch in Assoziationstestung mitEscherichia coli oderEnterococcus faecalis betrug für Enoxacin 64 mg/l. Bei der Testung von Metronidazol stiegen die MBKs vonB. fragilis in Assoziation mitE. coli von 0.5–1 mg/l auf 2–4 mg/l, während sich in der Kombination Enoxacin plus Metronidazol wieder MBKs von 1 mg/l ergaben. In den AssoziationenB. fragilis mitE. faecalis zeigteB. fragilis bei der Untersuchung von Metronidazol MBKs von 2 bis 64 mg/l, ein bis zu 64facher Anstieg gegenüber der Einzeltestung. Die Enoxacin-MBKs fürE. coli in Assoziation mitB. fragilis waren bis zu achtfach höher als in Einzeltestung (z. B. Anstieg von 0.25 auf 2 mg/l). Assoziationen vonE. coli mitE. faecalis undB. fragilis ergaben fürE. coli einen geringeren Anstieg der MBKs für Enoxacin, Enoxacin plus Metronidazol oder Clindamycin. BeiE. faecalis konnten keine wesentlichen Veränderungen der MBKs in den verschiedenen Assoziationen beobachtet werden. Aus den Versuchen kann geschlossen werden, daß dieIn-vitro-Empfindlichkeit gegen antimikrobielle Substanzen bei Erregerassoziationen durch Interaktionen zwischen den Stämmen und/oder den antimikrobiellen Substanzen beeinflußt werden kann.
    Notes: Summary In infections of polymicrobial etiology, it seems mandatory to combine an antibiotic with marginal activity against anaerobes with an anti-anaerobic drug, e. g. metronidazole or clindamycin. We investigated the effect of associations of anaerobic and facultatively anaerobic pathogens on MBCs of enoxacin, clindamycin, metronidazole, and combinations of enoxacin plus clindamycin or metronidazole. Single testing, and associations ofBacteroides fragilis withEscherichia coli orEnterococcus faecalis revealed MBCs of 64 mg/l for enoxacin. However, investigating metronidazole, MBCs forB. fragilis increased from 0.5–1 mg/l to 2–4 mg/l in association withE. coli. The combination of enoxacin with metronidazole restored MBCs of 0.5 and 1 mg/l for theB. fragilis strains.B. fragilis associated withE. faecalis showed MBCs of 2 to 64 mg/l for metronidazole, an increase of up to 64-fold. The enoxacin MBCs forE. coli in association withB. fragilis were up to eight-fold higher than forE. coli alone (2 mg/l compared to 0.25 mg/l). Association ofE. coli withE. faecalis andB. fragilis showed a low to moderate increase for MBCs ofE. coli when enoxacin was tested alone or in combination with metronidazole or clindamycin. In contrast, MBCs forE. faecalis did not change significantly with any of the associations or combinations tested. It is evident thatin vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of associations of pathogens can be modified by interactions between strains, and/or antimicrobials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 12 (1992), S. 147-159 
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: Metal carbonyls ; PECVD ; chromium ; molybdenum ; tungsten
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The hexacarbonyl compounds of Cr, Mo, and W have been used as precursors in plasma-enhanced chemical vapor depositions (PECVD). They form films of good adherence on glass, ceramics, and a variety of polymers. The nature of the deposits depends very much on the composition of the gas, which forms the plasma. When pure argon is used, the resulting films contain considerable amounts of oxygen and carbon. Films deposited in hydrogen/argon mixtures consist of the metal and/or the carbide. With Ar/O2 mixtures, Mo(CO)6 and W(CO)6 are converted into films of MoO3 and WO3, respectively. When H2S/H2 mixtures are used as plasma gas, Mo(CO)6 yields films consisting of MoSx.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary To assess the activity of enoxacin, clindamycin and metronidazole, MICs of clinical isolates of saccharolytic intestinalBacteroides spp. were determined, using the agar dilution method according to NCCLS guidelines. Checkerboard titrations of enoxacin-metronidazole and enoxacin-clindamycin were done on Wilkins-Chalgren agar; inoculation, incubation and reading of plates were as for determination of MICs. Metronidazole MIC90s forBacteroides fragilis (23 strains) andBacteroides thetaiotaomicron (23 strains) were 0.5 mg/l, clindamycin MIC90 forB. fragilis was 1 mg/l, and forB. thetaiotaomicron 8 mg/l, whereas enoxacin MIC90 values were 16 mg/l and 64 mg/l, respectively. The evaluation of the inhibitory effects of the combination enoxacinmetrondazole forB. fragilis showed additional effects in eleven strains, indifference in seven strains and antagonism in one. The figures forB. thetaiotaomicron showed addition in five strains, indifference in 17 strains, antagonism in one. ForB. fragilis the combination enoxacin-clindamycin showed addition in ten strains, indifference in six, and antagonism in one; forB. thetaiotaomicron synergism in one strain, addition in four strains, indifference in 17 strains. In conclusion, the absence of antagonism and the overall preponderance of additional and indifferent effects warrant the use of enoxacin in combination with metronidazole or clindamycin in clinical trials of treatment of anaerobicaerobic mixed infections.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die minimalen Hemmkonzentrationen (MHK) von Enoxacin, Clindamycin und Metronidazol wurden bei klinischen Isolaten saccharolytischer intestinalerBacteroides spp. mittels der Agardilutionsmethode entsprechend den NCCLS-Richtlinien bestimmt. Mit den Kombinationen Enoxacin-Clindamycin und Enoxacin-Metronidazol wurden Schachbrett-Titrationen auf Wilkins-Chalgren-Agar durchgeführt, Inokulation, Inkubation und Ablesung der Platten erfolgte wie bei der MHK-Bestimmung. Die MHK90 von Metronidazol betrug beiBacteroides fragilis (23 Stämme) und beiBacteroides thetaiotaomicron (23 Stämme) in beiden Fällen 0,5 mg/l; die MHK90 von Clindamycin war beiB. fragilis 1 mg/l und beiB. thetaiotaomicron 8 mg/l, bei Enoxacin betrugen die entsprechenden Werte 16 bzw. 64 mg/l. Die Auswertung der Ergebnisse der Kombinationstestung Enoxacin-Metronidazol zeigte bei elfB. fragilis-Stämmen eine additive Wirkung, Indifferenz bei sieben und Antagonismus bei einem Stamm. BeiB. thetaiotaomicron lauteten die Ergebnisse Addition bei fünf Stämmen, Indifferenz bei 17 und Antagonismus bei einem Stamm. Die Kombination Enoxacin-Clindamycin war bei zehn Stämmen vonB. fragilis additiv wirksam, indifferent bei sechs und antagonistisch bei einem Stamm, beiB. thetaiotaomicron war ein Synergismus bei einem Stamm, Addition bei vier und Indifferenz bei 17 Stämmen zu beobachten. Der fehlende Antagonismus und das Überwiegen additiver oder indifferenter Effekte läßt den Gebrauch der Kombinationen Enoxacin-Clindamycin bzw. Enoxacin-Metronidazol in klinischen Untersuchungen bei der Behandlung anaerob-aerober Mischinfektionen sinnvoll erscheinen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 221-224 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Large volume sample injection ; Closed on-column injector
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new simplified version of a “closed” on-column injector is introduced. Because of its design isobaric injection conditions do not have to be followed and a wide range of injection temperatures above the boiling point of the sample solvent can be chosen for on-column injections in capillary gas chromatography. Also, when following certain basic injection rules, injections of large sample volumes (≥20 μl or more) give accurate and reproducible results without further problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 27 (1989), S. 617-622 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Dynamics ; Eye movements ; Nonlinear gain ; Smooth pursuit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Structure of Pentaazadienido Complexes of Copper(I) and Copper(II). Crystal Structures of [Cu(F—C6H4N5C6H4—F) (py)]2, [Cu(Cl—C6H4N5C6H4—Cl) (py)]2, [Cu(CH3O—C6H4N5C6H4—OCH3) (py)]2Cu(NH3)42+ reacts in conc. aqueous NH3 with RN2NHN2R to yield insoluble, brownish CuII pentaazadienido complexes Cu(RN5R)2 (R = p-F—C6H4, p-Cl—C6H4, p-MeO—C6H4). The dry compounds are explosiv. They decompose in hot THF or toluene under reduction of CuII to form the CuI complexes Cu(RN5R) from which upon addition of pyridine the dinuclear, red complexes [Cu(RN5R) (py)]2 (R = p-F—C6H4 (1), p-Cl—C6H4 (2) and p-MeO—C6H4 (3)) are obtained.1 crystallizes in two monoclinic modifications: I: P21/c; a = 1370.7(3), b = 1145,2(1), c = 2436.9(3) pm, β = 91.68(1)º, Z = 4, V = 3823.8 · 106 pm3, II: P21/n; a = 1448.2(3), b = 1102.2(1), c = 2276,8(3) pm, β = 102.55(1)º, Z = 4, V = 3547.5 · 106 pm3. 2 forms monoclinic crystals with the space group P21/c; a = 1095.6(6), b = 1820,2(6), c = 1007.5(3) pm, β = 114.12(3), Z = 2; 3 crystallizes monoclinic: P21/c; a = 1213.5(5), b = 1813.8(5), c = 990.0(3) pm, β = 116.76(2)º, Z = 2.The pentaazadienid ion functions in all complexes as bridging ligand with (N1)-η1, (N3)-η1 coordination, resulting in short Cu—Cu distances of 255.2 to 258.0 pm. The pyridine molecules are bound to the Cu atoms being in 1 in a cis and in 2 and 3 in trans arrangement with respect to the Cu—Cu axis.
    Notes: Cu(NH3)42+ reagiert in konz. wässerigem NH3 mit RN2NHN2R unter Bildung schwerlöslicher CuII-pentaazadienido-Komplexe Cu(RN5R)2 (R = p-F—C6H4, p-Cl—C6H4, p-MeO—C6H4). Die im trockenen Zustand explosiven Verbindungen zersetzen sich beim Erhitzen in THF oder Toluol unter Reduktion des Kupfers zu den CuI-Komplexen Cu(RN5R), aus denen mit Pyridin die zweikernigen, roten Komplexe [Cu(RN5R) (py)]2 (R = p-F—C6H4 (1), p-Cl—C6H4 (2) und p-MeO—C6H4 (3)) entstehen. 1 kristallisiert in zwei monoklinen Modifikationen. I: P21/c; a = 1370,7(3), b = 1145,2(1), c = 2436,9(3) pm, β = 91,68(1)º, Z = 4, V = 3823,8 · 106 pm3, II: P21/n; a = 1448,2(3), b = 1102,2(1), c = 2276,8(3) pm, β = 102,55(1)º, Z = 4, V = 3547,5 · 106 pm3. 2 bildet monokline Kristalle mit der Raumgruppe P21/c; a = 1095,6(6), b = 1820,2(6), c = 1007,5(3) pm, β = 114,12(3)º, Z = 2; 3 kristallisiert ebenfalls monoklin: P21/c; a = 1213,5(5), b = 1813,8(5), c = 990,0(3) pm, β = 116,76(2)º, Z = 2.Das Pentaazadienidion fungiert in allen Komplexen als Brückenligand mit (N1)-η1, (N3)-η1-Koordination, so daß kurze Cu—Cu-Abstände im Bereich von 255,2 bis 258,0 pm resultieren. Die Pyridinmoleküle sind an die Cu-Atome gebunden und in 1 bezüglich der Cu—Cu-Achse in cis- und in 2 und 3 in trans-Stellung angeordnet.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...