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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of 2,4(5)-bis(hydroxymethyl)imidazoles and 2,4(5)-bis[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]imidazoles. Precursors of 2,4(5)-connected imidazole crown ethers (1989)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 54 (1989), S. 1256-1264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00267a008
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A precise calibration system for high-resolution visible-laser spectroscopy (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 1003-1007 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A method for calibrating high-resolution laser spectra in the visible is described. The system is based on an evacuated Fabry–Perot étalon whose cavity length is servolocked to a stabilized HeNe laser; the absolute order number of the fringe at the HeNe frequency is known and the free spectral range can be determined with high accuracy. For absolute-frequency measurements the order number of a transmission fringe is obtained from a commercial wavemeter (whose accuracy is sufficient to identify the fringe); the absolute frequency is then the HeNe frequency multiplied by the ratio of the "unknown'' order number to the "lock-point'' order number. The long-term frequency reproducibility of the system is better than 25 MHz. Small-frequency splittings such as molecular hyperfine intervals can be measured to ±1 MHz, while large-frequency intervals (of the order of 500 GHz) are consistent to better than 10 MHz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140307
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MALE HUMPBACK WHALE DIES IN COMPETITIVE GROUP (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 14 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1998.tb00771.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal changes in planktonic bacterial assemblages of two Ohio streams (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Freshwater biology 39 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 1. Monthly water samples were collected from two Ohio streams (Bixon and Mahoning) for 14 months to assess the extent of seasonal changes in the bacterial assemblage and in a population within the assemblage. At the assemblage level, abundances of total bacteria and colony forming units (CFUs) were measured. Populations of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) cepacia were quantified by colony hybridization using a species-specific rDNA probe.2. Total bacterial numbers were highest in early winter and were lowest during summer and when the streams were covered with ice. Changes in the number of CFUs were more variable than changes in total number, but did not exhibit a clear seasonal pattern.3. B. cepacia was not detected during summer, but up to 8000 ml–1 were present in November. Seasonal changes in assemblage-level measurements were dissimilar to population-level changes in B. cepacia abundance.4. The temporal changes observed in this study suggest that populations of stream bacteria, such as B. cepacia, exhibit seasonal blooms that are undetected by assemblage level measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.1998.00269.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Culture of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), at three stocking densities in outdoor concrete tanks using drainage water (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 20 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Effects of stocking density on water quality and on the growth, survival and food conversion of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus) were evaluated. Fingerlings of tilapia (average weight 40.25 ± 94 g) were stocked in six 3.75-m3 concrete tanks at 16, 32 and 42.6/m3 and reared for 164 days. A water flow rate of 1 l/min/kg fish biomass was maintained in all the tanks. The growth rate was inversely related to stocking density with mean weights of 337.25g, 327.0g and 323.5g at the low, medium and high densities respectively. At harvest, standing crop biomass averaged 5.36 kg, 10.44kg and 13.24kg for the three densities. The respective food conversion ratios (FCR) were 1.85, 1.88 and 1.95, while the survival rates were 99.2, 99.6 and 95.9%. However, the survival rate, growth rate and food conversion efficiencies were not significantly different at the three stocking densities. Water quality did not deteriorate in different tanks as the oxygen was continuously replenished and metabolites and waste products removed by the water flowing through the tanks. These data suggest that culture of tilapia at a density of 42.6/m3 and production of 13.24 kg/m3 in 164 days with a production of 18–20 kg/m3 in a growing season (April-October) of 210 days is possible using the drainage water in flow-through water systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1989.tb00440.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gallium-based interconnects for flip-chip assembly (1998)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Soldering & surface mount technology 10 (1998), S. 18-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0954-0911
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A feasibility study into alternative methods of producing interconnection between a PCB and flip-chip has been undertaken. A number of initial ideas were investigated, the least promising being discarded at an early stage, while the ideas showing the greatest chance of success were subject to a more rigorous examination. Of the initial ideas the most promising were amalgam materials and magnetic alignment of ferromagnetic particles. These two ideas were combined to produce a new type of anisotropic conducting adhesive (ACA), which may have the potential to overcome problems owing to co-planarity issues and have the ability to form fine pitch metallurgical bonds. In order to promote bonding, amalgam compositions that enhance surface wetting, while retaining good mechanical properties have been investigated. The possibility of incorporating liquid/semi-solid metallic interconnects, within the ACA, which will retain contact during the thermal expansion of the polymeric materials was also explored. During the course of the study, various techniques such as DSC and SEM have been used to characterise thermal stability of Ga-based alloys and discrepancies with current phase diagrams have been found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000004546
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Side-to-side stapled anastomosis May delay recurrence in Crohn's disease (1998)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 41 (1998), S. 1293-1296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Crohn's disease ; Recurrence ; Stapled anastomosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: Perianastomotic recurrence after resection in Crohn's disease may be related to ischemia and subacute obstruction at the anastomosis. A technique designed to minimize these factors currently is being evaluated. METHODS: From 1984 to 1997 69 patients underwent resection and primary anastomosis for symptomatic Crohn's disease (17 jejunal or ileal, 72 ileocolic, and 7 colocolic resections). Of these, 42 patients underwent functional end-to-end anastomoses with the use of linear cutting staplers (ProximateTM 75 mm or GIA 228 80 mm) and 27 patients underwent end-to-end sutured anastomoses. RESULTS: In the stapled anastomosis group one (2 percent) patient required reoperation for recurrent symptoms at 46 months. Complications occurred in four (8 percent) patients (one enterocutaneous fistula, one wound infection, one abscess, and one ileus). There were no anastomotic leaks. The median postoperative stay was seven (range, 5–26) days. In the sutured anastomosis group 14 (43 percent) patients required 15 further resections for symptomatic recurrence at a median of 46 (range, 4–91) months. Complications occurred in six (17 percent) patients (two anastomotic leaks, two fistulas, one stricture, and one pulmonary embolus). The median postoperative stay was 10 (range, 6–28) days. CONCLUSIONS: Functional end-to-end stapled anastomoses after resection for Crohn's disease may be associated with fewer complications than sutured anastomoses and may delay reoperation for symptomatic recurrence. Further evaluation of the technique is indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258231
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maturation of the Tract After Percutaneous Cholecystostomy with Regard to the Access Route (1998)
    Springer
    CardioVascular & interventional radiology 21 (1998), S. 36-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-086X
    Keywords: Key words: Gallbladder, interventional procedure—Cholecystitis—Percutaneous cholecystostomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: To assess the shortest time for catheter removal with regard to the transhepatic or transperitoneal approach in patients undergoing percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC). Methods: In this prospective study, 40 consecutive high-risk patients with acute cholecystitis (calculous, n= 22; acalculous, n= 18) underwent PC by means of a transhepatic (n= 20) or transperitoneal (n= 20) access route. In 28 patients (70%) computed tomography was used for puncture guidance, while in the remaining 12 (30%) the procedures were performed under ultrasound control. A fistulography was performed on the 14th postprocedural day in all patients and was repeated weekly if the tract was found to be immature. The catheter was removed only if a mature tract without evidence of leakage was delineated. Results: In 36 of 40 patients the procedure was technically successful (90%). Three of the unsuccessful punctures were attempted transperitoneally and one transhepatically. Thirty-five of 36 patients showed rapid improvement within the first 48 hr following the procedure (96%). Three of them died of their severe underlying disease (7.5%) and in another three the catheter was accidentally removed prior to the first fistulography (7.5%). A total of 30 patients could be fully evaluated after the procedure: 15 with a transhepatic, and 15 with a transperitoneal PC. Whereas 14 of 15 patients (93%) with transhepatic gallbladder access developed a mature tract after 14 days and the remaining patient after 3 weeks, only 2 of 15 patients (13%) with a transperitoneal route presented a mature tract after 2 weeks (p 〈 0.0001; χ2 test with Yates' correction). Eleven patients (73%) with transperitoneal access required 3 weeks and two patients (13%) 4 weeks for complete tract formation. Conclusion: A period of 2 weeks suffices for the majority of patients to develop a mature tract when the transhepatic access route is used; when using the trans- peritoneal route at least 3 weeks are required. We suggest that the transhepatic route is preferable since it allows earlier removal of the catheter and reduces the incidence of complications and discomfort for the patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002709900208
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The definition of interventional radiology (or, “When is a barium enema an interventional procedure?”) (1998)
    Springer
    European radiology 8 (1998), S. 1014-1015 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050507
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On simplicity-critical moore automata. II (1989)
    Springer
    Acta mathematica hungarica 54 (1989), S. 291-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2632
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01952059
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