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  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (3)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1990  (3)
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  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (3)
  • 1940-1944
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 9 (1990), S. 257-261 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In an attempt to determine the genetic relationship between strains ofPseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with acute leukemia, a recently described restriction fragment from the region upstream of the exotoxin A structural gene was used as a probe in Southern hybridization. The overall rate of cultures positive forPseudomonas aeruginosa during 169 admissions (119 patients) was 17 %. Twelve genotypically distinct strains were found among 18 colonized and/or infected individuals. Three of these strains were recovered from more than one patient, suggesting a certain risk of nosocomial transmission ofPseudomonas aeruginosa and cross-infection. Genotypic comparison showed identical restriction patterns in multiple isolates from single patients, and also in colonizing and subsequently infecting strains. Genotyping distinguished isolates with similar O serotypes and established the identity between isolates with differing susceptibility to agents used for antibacterial prophylaxis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Arbeit analysiert 55 Fälle von Streptokokken-Bakteriämie bei erwachsenen Patienten nach aggressiver antileukämischer Chemotherapie. Vergrünende Streptokokken waren die häufigsten Erreger (45 Isolate). Beta-hämolysierende Streptokokken (vier Isolate), Pneumokokken (drei Isolate) und Enterokokken (drei Isolate) waren dagegen eher selten. Klinisch waren die Infektionen gekennzeichnet durch Fieber, Beteiligung des oberen und unteren Respirationstrakts, Weichteilinfektion, durch Atemnotsyndrom und septischen Schock. 40 Patienten, bei denen ausschließlich Streptokokken in der Blutkultur nachgewiesen wurden, wurden verglichen mit 36 Patienten (ausgewählt nach denselben Kriterien) mit gramnegativer bakteriämischer Infektion. Die Gegenüberstellung ergab, daß Patienten mit Streptokokken-Bakteriämien häufiger hochdosiertes Cytosin-Arabinosid erhalten hatten (17 versus fünf Tage), eine längere Fieberdauer hatten (11 versus sieben Tage, P〈0.01), etwas länger antibakterielle Therapie benötigten (15 versus zwölf Tage, P=0.07, nicht signifikant) und häufiger mit Fluorochinolonen zur Infektprophylaxe behandelt waren (30 versus acht). Beide Gruppen unterschieden sich nicht hinsichtlich Alter, Grunderkrankung, Dauer der Granulozytopenie und Häufigkeit von Superinfektionen. Die Letalität betrug 18% bei Streptokokken-Bakteriämie und 17% bei Gram-negativer Bakteriämie. Die Untersuchung zeigt, daß Streptokokken, besonders vergrünende Streptokokken, ungewöhnlich häufig unerwartet schwere Infektionen bei Patienten nach antileukämischer Chemotherapie verursachen können.
    Notes: Summary We reviewed 55 cases of streptococcal bacteremia in adult patients who received cytotoxic chemotherapy for treatment of acute leukemia. Viridans group streptococci were the most frequent species isolated (45 isolates). Hemolytic streptococci (four isolates), pneumococci (three isolates), and enterococci (three isolates) were infrequent. Clinical features of streptococcal bacteremia included fever, upper and lower respiratory infection, respiratory distress syndrome, soft tissue infection, and septic shock. Forty patients who had only streptococci, but no other organisms isolated from their blood, were compared with 36 cases of gram-negative bacillary bacteremia that occurred during the same study period within the same population at risk. The comparison showed that patients with streptococcal bacteremia had more often received high dose cytosine arabinoside as part of their chemotherapy (17 vs. five), had a longer mean duration of fever (11 vs. seven days, p〈0.01) needed slightly more days of antibacterial therapy (15 vs. 12 days, p=0.07, not significant), and were more likely to have been treated with newer quinolones for infection prevention (30 vs. eight). No differences between both groups were found for age, underlying disease, remission status, duration of severe granulocytopenia, and number of superinfections. The overall mortality was 18% in streptococcal bacteremia and 17% in gram-negative bacillary bacteremia. Streptococci, especially viridans group streptococci, should now be regarded as frequent causes of serious life-threatening infections following aggressive chemotherapy in patients with hematologic malignancies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical methods of operations research 34 (1990), S. 195-206 
    ISSN: 1432-5217
    Keywords: Max-cut ; decision problem ; optimization problem ; polynomial transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir zeigen, daß folgende Probleme polynomial äquivalent sind: 1) Gegeben ein (gewichteter) GraphG, ein cutC vonG. Entscheide obC optimal ist oder nicht. 2) Gegeben ein (gewichteter) GraphG, ein cutC vonG. Entscheide, obC optimal ist oder nicht, und falls nicht, finde einen besseren cutC′. Eine Konsequenz hiervon ist, wie wir sehen werden, daß ein Optimalitätstest Orakel einen polynomialen Algorithmus zur approximativen Lösung von Max Cut Problemen liefert. Insbesondere folgt, daß das Erkennen von maximalen cuts in ungewichteten Graphen NP-schwer ist.
    Notes: Abstract We show that the following two problems are polynomially equivalent: 1) Given a (weighted) graphG, and a cutC ofG, decide whetherC is maximal or not. 2) Given a (weighted) graphG, and a cutC ofG, decide whetherC is maximal or not, and in case it is not, find a better solutionC′. As a consequence, an optimality testing oracle may be used to design a polynomial time algorithm for approximately solving the (weighted) Max-Cut Problem. This in turn implies that recognizing optimal cuts in an unweighted graph is NP-hard.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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