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Electromagnetic pulsed-wave radiation in spherical models of dispersive biological substances (1991)

Moten, Krishnan ; Durney, Carl H. ; Stockham, Thomas G.

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Bioelectromagnetics 12 (1991), S. 319-333

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ISSN: 0197-8462

Keywords: pulse-train ; dispersive dielectrics ; Fourier transform ; focusing ; hot-spot ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Physics

Notes: In analytical studies, we investigated induced-field patterns and SAR distributions in a lossy, dispersive, homogeneous, dielectric sphere typical of muscle tissue as irradiated by a plane-wave pulse train consisting of a pulse-modulated sinusoidal carrier wave. Calculations were made for carrier frequencies of 1, 3, and 15 GHz, pulse widths of 0.333, 2.0 and 4 ns, and pulse repetition rates of 1.11 × 106, 100 × 106, and 181.18 × 106 pps. The classical Mie solution was modified for a train of incident pulses that was represented by a Fourier series, and the fast-Fourier transform was used to sum the series. Computationally, the technique proved to be feasible and less expensive than we expected. The calculated field patterns show that the sphere's physical dimensions and the internal wavelength of the carrier greatly influence the nature of pulse-train propagation in the sphere. Harmonics having internal wavelengths nearly equal to the radius of the sphere produce most of the absorption; other harmonics produce little absorption. An intense hot spot is observed in spheres with radii that match the carriers' wavelengths.

Additional Material: 7 Ill.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250120602

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Determination of the Enthalpies of Formation of DyI2 and DyI3 and estimation of the Dy3+/Dy2+ standard aqueous electrode potentialDedicated to Professor Rudolf Hoppe on his 70th Birthday (1992)

Morss, Lester R. ; Spence, Thomas G.

Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell

Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 616 (1992), S. 162-168

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ISSN: 0044-2313

Keywords: Dysprosiumdiiodide ; dysprosium triiodide ; enthalpy ; electrode potential ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Description / Table of Contents: Bestimmung der Bildungsenthalpien von DyI2 und DyI3 sowie Abschätzung des Dy3+/Dy2+-Standardelektrodenpotentials in wäßrigem MediumDyI2 and DyI3 wurden nach Literaturmethoden hergestellt. Ihre Lösungsenthalpien wurden bestimmt und die Bildungsenthalpien zu ΔfH°(DyI3, s, 298 K) = -(394 ± 16) kJ · mol-1 und ΔfH°(DyI2, s, 298 K) = -(616 ± 10) kJ· mol-1 berechnet. Entsprechenden Literaturangaben sowie geschätzten Lösungsenthalpien und Standardentropien wurde E°(Dy3+/Dy2+, aq.) zu -(2.6 ± 0.2) V berechnet. Ein Vergleich der Enthalpien für die Reduktion von DyI3 zu DyI2 bzw. DyI zu DyI2 wird vorgenommen.

Notes: DyI2 and Dy3I were synthesized by literature techniques. Their enthalpies of solution were determined and their enthalpies of formation calculated to be ΔfH°(DyI2, s, 298 K) = -(394 ± 16) kJ· mol-1 and ΔfH°(DyI3, s, 298 K) = -(616 ± 10) kJ· mol-1. With appropriate literature and estimated enthalpies of solution and standard entropies, the E°(Dy3+/Dy2+, aq) was calculated to be -(2.6 ± 0.2) V. A comparison is made of the enthalpies of reduction of DyI3 to DyI2 and of DyCl3 to DyCl2.

Additional Material: 2 Tab.