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  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (5)
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  • 1991  (5)
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  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (5)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1940-1944
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer prospektiven, randomisierten Studie wurden die Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit von Ofloxacin (dreimal 200 mg täglich) im Vergleich mit Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazol (dreimal 960 mg täglich) als antibakterielle Prophylaxe bei Patienten mit akuter Leukämie geprüft. Beurteilbar waren 128 Patienten, die eine aggressive cytostatische Chemotherapie erhielten, mit einer medianen Granulozytopeniedauer von 30 Tagen. In der Ofloxacin-Gruppe wurde eine Kolonisierung mitEnterobacteriaceae (13% gegenüber 90%, p〈0.001) undPseudomonas aeruginosa (3% gegenüber 14%, p=0.025) wesentlich seltener beobachtet als in der Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazol-Gruppe. Patienten, die Ofloxacin erhielten, entwickelten auch weniger gram-negative Infektionen (4% gegenüber 26%, p=0.002), während die Inzidenz von gram-positiven bakteriellen (19% gegenüber 22%) und von Pilzinfektionen (7% gegenüber 14%) in beiden Gruppen vergleichbar war. Ofloxacin war besser verträglich und verkürzte die Feiberdauer (p=0.02) sowie die Dauer der parenteralen antimikrobiellen Behandlung von vermuteten oder dokumentierten erworbenen Infektionen (p=0.01). In der Prophylaxe gramnegativer Infektionen bei Patienten mit akuter Leukämie erscheint Ofloxacin daher eine wirksamere und besser verträgliche Alternative zu Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazol zu sein. Möglichkeiten einer gezielten Prophylaxe gegen grampositive Infektionen sollten jedoch weiterhin überprüft werden.
    Notes: Summary In a prospective randomized study we evaluated the efficacy and safety of oral ofloxacin (dosage: 200 mg three times daily) versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (dosage: 960 mg three times daily) as antibacterial prophylaxis in 128 patients with acute leukemia who received aggressive cytotoxic chemotherapy and were granulocytopenic for a median duration of 30 days. Fewer patients receiving ofloxacin were colonized byEnterobacteriaceae (13% versus 90%, p〈0.001) andPseudomonas aeruginosa (3% versus 14%, p=0.025), and developed gram-negative bacterial infection (4% versus 26%, p=0.002), whereas the incidence of gram-positive bacterial (19% versus 22%) and fungal (7% versus 14%) infections was similar in both groups. Ofloxacin was significantly better tolerated than trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and shortened the duration of fever (p=0.02) and of parenteral antimicrobial therapy for presumed or documented acquired infection (p=0.01). Ofloxacin appears to be a safe, effective, well-tolerated alternative to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for preventing gram-negative infection in acute leukemia, but more effective prophylaxis of gram-positive infections is still needed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 19 (1991), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 19 (1991), S. 342-342 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 19 (1991), S. 201-204 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer Universitätsklinik wurde während eines Zeitraumes von sechs Jahren bei 23 PatientenCorynebacterium jeikeium aus Blutkulturen isoliert.C. jeikeium-Bakteriämien traten weder zeitlich noch örtlich gehäuft auf. Die retrospektive Analyse der Patientendaten zeigte, daß in den meisten Fällen eine maligne hämatologische Grunderkrankung mit Neutropenie vorlag, ein zentral-venöser Katheter implantiert und eine antibiotische Therapie vorausgegangen war. Die Patientenpopulation mit nur einer positiven Blutkultur unterschied sich in wichtigen Aspekten von derjenigen mit mehreren positiven Blutkulturen. So waren Patienten mit nur einer positiven Blutkultur seltener an akuter Leukämie erkrankt, hatten signifikant höhere neutrophile Granulozytenkonzentrationen im peripheren Blut und waren zuvor über einen kürzeren Zeitraum antibiotisch behandelt worden. Weiterhin fanden sich in dieser Patientengruppe in allen Fällen andere mögliche Ursachen der Fieberepisoden. Auch die Mortalität war deutlich geringer. Trotz des zunehmend häufigeren Nachweises vonCorynebacterium jeikeium in Blutkulturen bleiben schwere Infektionen durch diesen Erreger weiterhin meist auf die Patientenpopulation mit hämatologischer Grunderkrankung und Neutropenie beschränkt.
    Notes: Summary During a six-year period 23 patients with isolation ofCorynebacterium jeikeium (formerly known asCorynebacterium group JK) from one or more blood cultures at a university hospital were identified. Cases occurred sporadically without time- or ward-related clustering. Review of the cases showed that most infections were nosocomial, that most of the patients had underlying malignant disease, had a chronic intravascular catheter implanted, had been pretreated with antibiotics, and were neutropenic at the time the blood cultures were drawn. Patients with only one versus those with more than one positive blood culture differed in some important aspects. Patients with only one positive blood culture were less likely to have acute leukemia, had significantly higher neutrophil counts and a shorter duration of preceding antibiotic treatment, and all had other probable causes of infection and fever. The mortality also appeared to be lower in these patients. Despite the possibility of increasing frequency of blood cultures positive forC. jeikeium, severe infections due to this organism continue to be largely confined to neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta informatica 28 (1991), S. 593-601 
    ISSN: 1432-0525
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Summary We associate with a general (0, 1)-matrixM an ordered setP(M) and derive lower and upper bounds for the deterministic communication complexity ofM in terms of the order dimension ofP(M). We furthermore consider the special class of communication matricesM obtained as cliques vs. stable sets incidence matrices of comparability graphsG. We bound their complexity byO((logd)·(logn)), wheren is the number of nodes ofG andd is the order dimension of an orientation ofG. In this special case, our bound is shown to improve other well-known bounds obtained for the general cliques vs. stable set problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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