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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature and illumination intensity dependence of photoconductivity in sputter-deposited heteroepitaxial (100)CdTe layers (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 8210-8216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Sputter-deposited, heteroepitaxial (100)CdTe layers prepared at growth temperatures of 300–325 °C are found to be p-type with high dark resistivities on the order of 2×105 Ω cm. The epilayers are highly photoconducting and exhibit photoconductivity to dark conductivity ratios as high as 1×106 at around 200 K. The photoconductivity is observed to exhibit a sublinear dependence on illumination intensity and a thermally activated behavior. The model developed by Simmons and Taylor [J. G. Simmons and G. W. Taylor, J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 7, 3051 (1974); G. W. Taylor and J. G. Simmons, J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 7, 3067 (1974)] to explain photoconductivity in amorphous semiconductors is shown to be applicable to these epitaxial layers. Hole traps at 0.40 and 0.23 eV above the valence band have been determined from the temperature dependence of the photoconductivity. Acceptor levels at 0.62 and 0.07 eV above the valence band, determined from the temperature dependence of the dark conductivity, are discussed in relation with photoluminescence bands at 0.81 and 1.00 eV reported earlier [S. R. Das, J. G. Cook, N. L. Rowell, and M. S. Aouadi, J. Appl. Phys. 68, 5796 (1990)] in these epilayers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347424
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potential Impacts of Biomass Production in the United States on Biological Diversity (1991)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Environment and Resources 16 (1991), S. 401-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1056-3466
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.eg.16.110191.002153
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Desideri, Paolo; Jasink, Anna Margherita: Cilicia: dall'eta di Kizzuwatna alia conquista Macedone : Turin, Casa editrice le lettere, 1990 (1991)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @classical review 41 (1991), S. 397-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-840X
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Classical Studies
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0009840X00280657
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymes as silage additives 2. The effect of grass dry matter content on silage quality and performance in sheep (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 46 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Eight grass silages were made from two contrasting varieties of perennial ryegrass, four silages each from a late-cut early-maturing (high dry matter, HDM) variety and from an early-cut, late-maturing (low dry matter, LDM) variety. The grass was ensiled without additive (untreated), or with formic acid, or with one of two enzyme mixtures of hemicellulases and cellulases (enzyme 1 and enzyme 2) for a period of 130 d.Formic acid-treated silage had lower levels of lactic acid at both levels of dry matter than the other silages. Enzyme treatment of grass prior to ensilage resulted in reduced levels of cellulose, acid-detergent fibre and neutral-detergent fibre in LDM silages and lower acid-detergent fibre and neutral-detergent fibre in the HDM silages compared with the corresponding untreated and formic acid-treated silages. Voluntary intakes (g DM d−1) of untreated and enzyme-treated silages were significantly (P〈0·01) lower at both digestibilities compared with formic acid-treated silages (LDM: untreated, 982; formic, 1069; enzyme 1, 868; enzyme 2, 937; HDM: untreated, 931; formic, 1027; enzyme 1, 943; enzyme 2, 914). The organic matter, carbohydrate and nitrogen digestibility coefficients of LDM silages were significantly (P〈0·001) higher than those of HDM silages. There were no significant differences in any component digestibility related to silage additive.Comparison of digestibility coefficients for constituents of the LDM silages fed to sheep or steers showed no differences between species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1991.tb02222.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-linkage of the islet amyloid polypeptide gene with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (1991)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 34 (1991), S. 103-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Linkage ; islet amyloid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes is associated with the deposition of islet amyloid. The major formative peptide, islet amyloid polypeptide, has recently been characterised and an abnormality of the structure or expression of this gene is a possible candidate for the inherited component of Type 2 diabetes. A restriction fragment length polymorphism of the gene has been identified with Pvu II. To study the relationship between the islet amyloid polypeptide gene and Type 2 diabetes, two distinct genetic approaches have been undertaken. Firstly, non-linkage has been demonstrated in four pedigrees, with four normoglycaemic first degree relatives having an allele associated with diabetes in other family members, and one affected relative not having the putatively associated allele. The LOD score taking age-related penetrance into account was −1.68, making linkage unlikely (p=0.02). Secondly, in a population-based restriction fragment length polymorphism survey, no linkage disequilibrium of the alleles was found between a population of unrelated Caucasian subjects with Type 2 diabetes and a normal population. A mutation in or near the islet amyloid polypeptide gene is thus unlikely to be a common cause of Type 2 diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00500380
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple restriction fragment length polymorphisms at the GLUT2 locus: GLUT2 haplotypes for genetic analysis of Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (1991)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 34 (1991), S. 817-821 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; genetics ; liver/islet glucose transporter gene ; restriction fragment length polymorphism ; population association study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The liver/islet glucose transporter (GLUT2) is expressed in the liver and in the Beta cells of pancreatic islets and is a candidate gene for the inherited defect in Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. A series of restriction fragment length polymorphisms have been identified using a GLUT2 cDNA probe with five restriction enzymes in a British white Caucasian population. Five independent restriction fragment length polymorphisms detected by restriction enzymes EcoRI (two restriction fragment length polymorphisms termed EcoRI-1, EcoRI-2), TaqI (two restriction fragment length polymorphisms termed TaqI-1, TaqI-2), and BclI (BclI-2) were used to construct GLUT2 haplotypes. Significant linkage disequilibrium was observed between four polymorphic sites EcoRI-2, TaqI-1, TaqI-2 and BclI-2 but linkage disequilibrium was not observed with EcoRI-1 polymorphic site and the other four sites. The frequencies of GLUT2 restriction fragment length polymorphisms and haplotypes in 50 Type 2 diabetic subjects and 50 non-diabetic control subjects show no significant differences suggesting that it is unlikely that there is a single major defect of this gene contributing to the inherited susceptibility to Type 2 diabetes in a Caucasian population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408357
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finite-size effects in random energy models and in the problem of polymers in a random medium (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 63 (1991), S. 505-539 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Spin-glass ; finite-size effects ; directed polymers ; traveling waves
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract By the use of traveling wave equations we calculate the finite-size corrections to the free energy of random energy models in their low-temperature phases and in the neighborhood of the transition temperature. We find that although the extensive part of the free energy does not show any critical behavior when the temperature approaches its transition value, the finite-size corrections signal the transition by becoming singular. We obtain a scaling form for these finite-size corrections valid in the limitN→∞ andT→T c . By considering a generalized random energy model in the limit of a very large number of steps, we obtain results for the finite-size corrections in the problem of a polymer in a random medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01029198
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abstract: Hydrogeochemical maps for uranium, associated trace elements and hydrogeochemical parameters in the surface drainage systems of North Wales: environmental and economic implications (1991)
    Springer
    Environmental geochemistry and health 13 (1991), S. 141-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2983
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01758545
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of in ovo bursectomy on the course of an infectious bronchitis virus infection in line C White Leghorn chickens (1991)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 118 (1991), S. 225-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary White Leghorn line C chicks were surgically bursectomised (Bx) in ovo to eliminate antibody production. After inoculation with infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) at 14 days after hatching, Bx chicks experienced a more severe and longer lasting infection than intact chicks. The severity and duration of clinical infection in the Bx chicks resembled that previously observed in the highly susceptible line 15 I chicks, however no increase in mortality was observed, in contrast to the high levels of mortality recorded in IBV-inoculated line 15 I chicks. After secondary challenge the degree of damage to the ciliated epithelium of the trachea was greater in the Bx chicks than in the intact chicks. The results indicate that, although antibodies play an important role in recovery from IBV infection, other immunological factor(s) may also be involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01314032
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