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  • 1990-1994  (3)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1930-1934
  • ZSM-5  (2)
  • aging
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct partial oxidation of methane over ZSM-5 catalyst: effects of additives (1992)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 16 (1992), S. 263-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: Methane ; partial oxidation ; additive ; natural gas ; ZSM-5
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Previously, it was reported that the direct partial oxidation (DPO) of CH4 with O2 over HZSM-5 catalysts produces C5+ hydrocarbon liquids when the feed contains a propane or propene additive. This work studies additive effects on C5+ production in this system by processing a CH4/C3H8 feed with subsequent removal of the C3 additive and by processing natural gas feed. Results show C5+ production is maintained at constant yields for HZSM-5 catalysts having different zeolitic Al contents after removal of the C3 additive. Mechanistic implications are discussed. Natural gas DPO consistently produced C5+ liquids due to the presence of C2+ components in the feed. While C5+ yields from natural gas DPO are higher than those observed for CH4/C3 feeds, increasing feed O2 concentration, and thus conversion, deleteriously affected C5+ selectivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00764338
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct partial oxidation of methane over ZSM-5 catalyst: Zn-ZSM-5 catalyst studies (1994)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 29 (1994), S. 27-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: methane ; partial oxidation ; catalyst ; zinc ; ZSM-5
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Extended studies on Zn-ZSM-5 catalyst for the production of liquid hydrocarbons in the direct partial oxidation (DPO) of CH4 with O2 are reported. Previously, it was reported that metal-containing ZSM-5 catalysts could produce C5+ hydrocarbons from pure CH4/O2 feeds without feed additives. Zn-ZSM-5 produced the highest C5+ yields of the catalysts tested. This work shows that the method of introducing Zn onto the catalyst, ion-exchange versus impregnation, does not significantly alter C5+ yields if low Zn content is maintained (∼ 0.4–0.5 wt%). Liquid hydrocarbon yields in this system doubled after 8 h on stream while overall C2+ yields increased by over 300%. Mechanistic implications of these findings are discussed. Finally, processing a natural gas feed over Zn-ZSM-5 gave higher C5+ yields over CH4 feed but these yields were not improved over previously published results using HZSM-5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00814248
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attitudes and perceptions concerning elderly Samoans in rural Western Samoa, American Samoa, and urban Honolulu (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of cross-cultural gerontology 7 (1992), S. 69-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0719
    Keywords: aging ; cross-cultural ; migration ; modernization ; Polynesia ; Samoa ; status
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , Sociology
    Notes: Abstract Samoan cultural values place a high emphasis on respect and obedience toward elders. However, modernization and migration have caused changes in traditional social structure, social organization, household composition, economic opportunities, and health care systems. This article reports results from interviews on attitudes and perceptions of the elderly administered to 137 young adults (aged 18–37) and 106 older adults (aged 41–82) in rural Western Samoa, modernizing American Samoa, and Samoan migrants in urban Honolulu. The results indicate there are significant signs of both change and stability in the status of elderly Samoans. Over 75% of Samoans report that the elderly are respected, obeyed, and consulted on important decisions. However, Samoans in American Samoa and Honolulu report that the status of the elderly has declined over the past ten years. Older Samoans in Honolulu emphasize the maintenance of traditional norms rather than changes in the behavior toward the elderly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00116577
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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