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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of vestibular and neck inputs for the perception of object motion in space (1992)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 89 (1992), S. 655-668 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Perception ; Visual object motion ; Vestibular-neck interaction ; Coordinate systems ; Oculogyral illusion ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The contribution of vestibular and neck inputs to the perception of visual object motion in space was studied in the absence of a visual background (in the dark) in normal human subjects (Ss). Measures of these contributions were obtained by means of a closed loop nulling procedure; Ss fixed their eyes on a luminous spot (object) and nulled its actual or apparent motion in space during head rotation in space (vestibular stimulus) and/ or trunk rotation relative to the head (neck stimulus) with the help of a joystick. Vestibular and neck contributions were expressed in terms of gain and phase with respect to the visuo-oculomotor/joystick feedback loop which was assumed to have almost ideal transfer characteristics. The stimuli were applied as sinusoidal rotations in the horizontal plane (f= 0.025–0.8 Hz; peak angular displacements, 1–16°). Results: (1) During vestibular stimulation, Ss perceived the object, when kept in fixed alignment with the moving body, as moving in space. However, they underestimated the object motion; the gain was only about 0.7 at 0.2–0.8 Hz and clearly decreased at lower stimulus frequencies, while the phase exhibited a small lead. (2) During pure neck stimulation (trunk rotating relative to the stationary head), the object, when stationary, appeared to move in space counter to the trunk excursion. This neck-contingent object motion illusion was small at 0.2–0.8 Hz, but increased considerably with decreasing frequency, while its phase developed a small lag. (3) Vestibular, neck, and visuo-oculomotor effects summed linearly during combined stimulations. (4) The erroneous vestibular and neck contributions to the object motion perception were complementary to each other, and the perception became about veridical (G≈1, φ≈0°), when both inputs were combined during head rotation with the trunk stationary. The results are simulated by an extended version of a computer model that previously had been developed to describe vestibular and neck effects on human perception of head motion in space. In the model, the perception of object motion in space is derived from the superposition of three signals, representing “object to head”, (visuo-oculomotor; head coordinates), “head on trunk” (neck; trunk coordinates), and “trunk in space” (vestibular-neck interaction; space coordinates).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229890
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    091 Induction of cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases in the liver of woodmice (Apodemus sylvaticus), its influence on the metabolite profiles of PAH and implications for monitoring of environmental xenobiotics (1992)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 343 (1992), S. 149-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00332085
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    o-Benzochinon-Addukte, Umlagerungs- und Eliminierungs-Reaktionen von 1,1,3-Trimethyl-1,3,2-diazaphospholidin-1-ium-Salzen[1] (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 793-800 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: o-Benzoquinone adducts ; Rearrangement reactions ; Elimination reactions ; 1,3,2-Diazaphospholidin-1-ium salts ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: o-Benzoquinone Adducts, Rearrangement and Elimination Reactions of 1,1,3-Trimethyl-1,3,2-diazaphospholidin-1-ium SaltsThe 1,1,3-Trimethyl-1,3,2-diazaphospholidin-1-ium Salts X- [1 (X = [Br, Y = NEt2), 2 (X = [BPh4], Y = Me), 3 (X = [BPh4], Y = Ph), 4 (X = [BPh4], Y = NEt2), 5 (X = [BPh4], Y = tBu)] were treated with o-benzoquinones. The reaction of 1 with tetrachloro-o-benzoquinone furnished the spirophosphorane 6 with an intact N → λ5P donor-acceptor interaction. The reaction of 2, 3, and 4 with 3,5-di-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone furnished [BPh4]- [8 (Y = Me), 9 (Y = Ph), 10 (Y = NEt2)]. The reaction of 5 with 3,5-di-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone yielded 7 which exhibited no significant N →λ5P donor-acceptor interaction. The rearrangement product 11 was formed in small amounts during the reaction of 5 with tetrachloro-o-benzoquinone; 11 was also prepared by an alternative route. Thermolysis of the 1,1,3-trimethyl-1,3,2-diazaphospholidin-1-ium salts X- [14 (X = Br), 15 (X = I)] in vacuo led, with elimination of methyl halide, to the 1,3,2-diazaphospholidines 16 (X = Br) and 17 (X = I). The salts were characterized by FAB-MS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19921250407
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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