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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High pressure transformations of NaOH (1993)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 98 (1993), S. 7289-7294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The structures of two high pressure modifications of NaOH have been determined by in situ x-ray measurements with a diamond anvil cell. Thermodynamic data for the transformation are derived from the P,T diagram. The structures are discussed and especially the influence of the H atoms on characteristic deformations. The compressibility of α-NaOH shows an anomaly, which can be explained by a continuous transformation to yet another new modification, which is isotypic with the low-temperature form of NaOD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.464721
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical analysis and sensory evaluation of hydrolysis products of humulene epoxides II and III (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 41 (1993), S. 1300-1304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00032a026
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrolysis products of caryophyllene oxide in hops and beer (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 41 (1993), S. 2082-2085 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00035a049
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predicting the Winner's Curse (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Decision sciences 25 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: If quantity uncertainty exists in a first price auction that specifies a fixed bid, a participant must answer two questions when evaluating a candidate bid: “What are my chances of winning?” and “What is the effect of the winner's curse on my quantity estimate?” The winner's curse is the tendency of the winner of a first-price sealed-bid auction to be the bidder that most overvalues the items being offered. When value uncertainty is due to quantity uncertainty, the winner's curse implies that the bidder that most overestimates the quantity tends to win. Thus, if there is quantity uncertainty, a participant must adjust its bid for this tendency to overestimate quantities.This paper presents an empirical method to answer the above questions by estimating a predictive distribution of the highest competing bid and the quantity bias caused by the winner's curse. The method is developed for timber auctions but is general to auctions where a fixed bid is called for and there is uncertainty in the mix and quantities of items being offered. An example that uses data from timber auctions is used to demonstrate the method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1994.tb00517.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of tyrosine 143 in lactate dehydrogenation by flavocytochrome b2. Primary kinetic isotope effect studies with a phenylalanine mutant (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 33 (1994), S. 798-806 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00169a022
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium Current in Single Human Cardiac Myocytes (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 4 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Calcium Current in Human Heart. Introduction: Significant species-, issue-, and age-dependent differences have been described for the L-type calcium current (ICa). Therefore, extrapolation data obtained from the many animal models to human cardiac physiology is difficult. In this study, we have characterized the voltage-dependent properties of ICa from pediatric and adult, atrial and ventricular human heart tissue. Methods and Results: ICa, was measured in single human heart muscle cells using the “whole cell,” voltage clamp method. Single myocytes were isolated from myocardial specimens obtained intraoperatively from both pediatric and adult patients (ages 3 months to 75 years) undergoing cardiac surgery. Cells obtained for these experiments appeared to be healthy; the resting potential was between -80 and -85 mV. The action potential shape and duration and current-voltage relationship for 1Ca were similar to that reported by others for human heart cells. The steady-state activation variable, dx was found to be similar in both pediatric atrial and ventricular cells but shifted approximately 5 mV negative in the adult atrial and ventricular cells. I, of all cells displayed biex-ponential inactivation and steady-state inactivation was incomplete at positive potentials (steady-state inactivation curves turned up at positive potentials) consistent with inactivation arising from voltage-dependent and calcium-dependent processes as reported in heart cells from many species. The potential of maximal inactivation was more negative for adult cells (around -10 mV) than pediatric cells (around 0 mV). Estimates of the calcium “window” current, using a modified Hodgkin-Huxlcy model, could explain measured differences in action potential shape and duration. Conclusion: Human cardiac I, can be investigated using whole cell, voltage clamp methods and a modified Hodgkin-Huxley model. Quantitative characterization of many of the properties of ICa in human heart tissue suggests that important species differences do exist and that further investigations are required to characterize the dependence of inactivation on [Ca2+]i in human heart cells. Since the array of characteristics of ICa in different species varies, the study of human myocardial cells per se continues to be important when examining human cardiac physiology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.1993.tb01281.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the Mechanism of Inhibition of KATP Channels by Glibenclamide in Rat Ventricular Myocytes (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 4 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Glibenclamide Block of KATP Channels. Introduction: The mechanism by which glibenclamide inhibits KATP channel activity has been examined in membrane patches from isolated rat ventricular cells. Methods and Results: Inside-out patches were exposed to zero, or low, [ATP] to activate KATP channels. Glibenclamide did not affect single channel conductance, but reversibly reduced channel open probability from either side of the membrane. Internal (cytoplasmic) glibenclamide inhibited with half-maximal inhibitory [glibenclamide] = 6 μM, Hill coefficient = 0.35. Complete channel inhibition was not observed, even at 300 μM [glibenclamide]. The response to step increases of internal [glibenclamide] could be resolved into two phases of channel inhibition (t1/2, fast, 〈 1 sec, t1/2, slow= 10.5 ± 0.9 sec, n = 8). Step decrease of [glibenclamide] caused a single resolvable phase of reactivation (t1/2= 20.4 ± 0.7 sec, n = 16). Channel inhibition by internal glibenclamide could be relieved by ADP, but only in the presence of Mg2+. Conclusion: Glibenclamide can inhibit KATP channels from either side of the membrane, with block from one side being competitive with block from the other. Internal MgADP antagonizes the blocking action of glibenclamide. Glibenclamide inhibition of cardiac KATP channels differs quantitatively and qualitatively from the inhibition of pancreatic KATP channels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.1993.tb01210.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On Establishing Primary Cultures of Neonatal Rat Ventricular Myocytes for Analysis Over Long Periods (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 5 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Neonatal Rat Ventricular Myocyte Cultures. Introduction: Primary cultures of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes include a population of rapidly dividing nonmyocardial cells that can alter the properties of myocytes and complicate experimental interpretations. Without any intervention, nonmyocyte proliferation restricts the utility of primary cultures in biochemical and electrophysiologic studies to 4–5 days. However, with the recent interest in regulation of cardiac gene expression and the effects of growth factors on cardiac function, long-term studies with stable heart cultures are warranted. Methods and Results: In the present study an immunohistochemical staining strategy was developed that allowed for reliable quantitation of myocytes and nonmyocytes in cultures maintained for extended periods under different culture conditions. Density gradient purification of myocytes was found valuable in limiting nonmyocyte levels to 〈 20% at early times. Further treatment of cultures with a mitotic inhibitor, 0.1 mM bromodeoxyuridine, or 3500 rads of γ-irradiation effectively blocked the proliferation of nonmyocardial cells, while it had no effect on cardiocyte levels. However, bromodeoxyuridine displayed side effects on the myocytes; the spontaneous beating rate and intracellular glycogen content were markedly depressed. In contrast, a systematic investigation of the properties of the irradiated myocytes, including spontaneous beating rates, dihydropyridinc receptors, glycogen content, sarcoplasmic reticulum function, and phosphoinositide signaling, revealed that irradiation did not alter cardiac cell function. Although ionizing radiation can stimulate gene expression in some cell types, γ-irradiation did not evoke c-fos expression or cause sarcomere formation, responses seen in cardiac cells to several trophic factors. Conclusion: This study establishes a system of stable, functional, primary cultured cardiac cells that can be used in long-term molecular and electrophysiologic studies of at least 2 weeks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.1994.tb01114.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A 1 × 7 fibre coupler with Kerr nonlinearity (1993)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 25 (1993), S. 185-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We study for the first time the evolution of the guided field in a 1×7 fibre coupler with a third-order nonlinearity. An analytical solution of the nonlinear coupled-mode equations is presented in terms of the Weierstrass function. In particular, we found that contrary to the equal power distribution in the linear limit, a cross-state appeared if the coupler was initially excited in the central core and a certain input power was chosen. Finally, we analyse the far-field pattern of the coupler output.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00420764
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of financing decisions on the choice of manufacturing technologies (1994)
    Springer
    International journal of flexible manufacturing systems 6 (1994), S. 333-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9370
    Keywords: technology ; investments ; finance ; justification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper demonstrates the importance of jointly considering financing and technology choices when making manufacturing investments. We show that considerable value can be added to investments through financing decisions, and that the gains due to financing are sensitive to technology choice. A model of financing and technology choice is presented that considers differences in cost structure and product flexibility, and applies it to an example involving flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs). Three main results emerge. First, optimal financing decisions are different for different technologies and the choice of technology can change when financing and technology decisions are made simultaneously. Second, if one technology's fixed and variable costs are lower or its initial investment higher than another technology's the former has higher value added due to financing. Since empirical data shows that FMS and conventional technologies have this pattern, ignoring the benefits of debt financing leads to undervaluation of new technology. Third, product flexibility can add considerable value through its effect on financing decisions because product flexibility reduces variability of cash flows. A major conclusion is that financing and technology choice are long-term strategic decisions that should be made jointly. Firms that make these decisions separately, not considering the effect of one on the other, may make suboptimal technology decisions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01324800
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