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  • 1990-1994  (2)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1970-1974
  • 1994  (2)
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  • 1990-1994  (2)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1970-1974
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 109-111 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This work presents the first report on the growth mechanism of 123 films on metallic substrates with (200) oriented and partially a-b plane oriented polycrystalline yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) buffer layer, with and without a metallic underlayer coating used between the substrate and the buffer layer. The microstructure and grain morphology of 9- and 160-nm-thick films of Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) were studied by scanning electron microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, and x-ray diffraction. Our studies reveal that YBCO films on c-axis oriented and partial a-b plane oriented YSZ buffer layers on metallic substrates, initially grow two dimensionally, with the elongated grains of ∼100 nm length, mostly aligned along the 〈200〉 axis of the YSZ, owing to the strong atom-substrate bonding. The thicker films, however, show three-dimensional terraced island growth with several turns of the screws, with the screw edges still along the 〈200〉 axis of YSZ. These terraced islands seem to coalesce in the film with the highest Jc value, ∼1×105 A/cm2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Aphid ; soldier investment ; gall ; tropics ; predation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The gall-forming aphidCerataphis fransseni produces soldiers that defend against predators. Soldiers are produced soon after colony foundation and the number of soldiers increases nonlinearly during colony growth. The number of soldiers scales to the square-root of the number of non-soldiers and linearly to the surface area of the gall. This suggests that soldiers are produced to defend an area, for example the perimeter of the colony or the surface of the gall, rather than individual aphids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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