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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation of D1 and D2 Dopamine Receptors Inhibits Protein Kinase C Activity in Striatal Synaptoneurosomes (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 63 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The effects of D1 and D2 dopamine ligands on protein kinase C (PKC) activity were examined in synaptoneurosomes. Incubation with D1 agonists (SKF 38393, fenodopam), in the presence of calcium, decreased the soluble and increased the particulate PKC activity. These effects were reversed by SCH 23390, which by itself had the opposite effect of increasing the soluble and decreasing the particulate PKC activity. In contrast, incubation with the D2 agonists [LY 171555, (+)-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-N-n-propylpiperidine, RU 24213] increased the soluble and decreased the particulate PKC activity. These effects were reversed by sulpiride. (−)-3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-N-n-propylpiperidine had a D2 antagonist profile. Apomorphine showed a biphasic dose-response change; i.e., it decreased particulate PKC activity at the D2 receptor at low concentrations (0.1 µM) and increased it at the D1 receptor at higher concentrations (10 µM). Pretreatment with tetrodotoxin or omission of calcium in the incubation medium did not alter the responses of the D2 agonists, but it reversed the changes in PKC activity induced by the D1 agonists and converted the biphasic response of apomorphine to a monophasic inhibition. These results indicate that (1) D1 and D2 dopamine receptors are negatively coupled to PKC and (2) the increase in particulate PKC activity seen with the D1 drugs in the presence of calcium is mediated indirectly via a transneuronal effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63010169.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interfacial roughness in InAs/GaSb superlattices (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 3476-3478 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), we have studied InAs/GaSb superlattices grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Our HRTEM observations indicate that the apparent interface width is on the order of 1 monolayer for InSb-like interfaces, and on the order of 2 monolayers for GaAs-like interfaces. The combination of these results with x-ray diffraction and Raman scattering measurements leads us to conclude that these interface widths are principally due to roughness rather than to interfacial diffusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111245
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cysteine Restores the Activity of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels of Skeletal Muscle Fibers of Aged Rats (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 717 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb12094.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low interleukin-2 receptor levels in serum of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 72 (1994), S. 494-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Soluble interleukin-2 receptors ; Type 1 diabetes ; Type 2 diabetes ; Prediabetes ; Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Interleukin-2 receptors are released in the circulation in response to antigenic or mytogenic stimulation of T-lymphocytes. Abnormal serum interleukin-2 receptor levels have been found in young children with type 1 diabetes and “prediabetes.” We measured interleukin-2 receptor levels in 17 patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, 21 patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes, 19 patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes, 19 islet-cell antibody positive nondiabetic polyendocrine patients, 12 islet-cell antibody-positive first-degree relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes and compared the results to age- and sex-matched normal controls. We found significantly lower interleukin-2 receptor levels in patients with newly diagnosed and long-standing type 1 diabetes compared to normal controls (87 ± 11 and 93 ± 11 vs. 142 ± 25 and 132 ± 40 U/ml, P 〈 0.001 and P 〈 0.01). There were no significant differences in interleukin-2 receptor levels between prediabetic groups and normal controls or patients with long-standing type 1 or type 2 diabetes. There was no correlation between glycosylated hemoglobin, blood glucose levels, and interleukin-2 receptor in the groups with long-standing type 1 or type 2 diabetes. We conclude that patients with type 1 diabetes have low interleukin-2 receptor serum levels. This phenomenon is acquired close to disease onset and is unlikely to be an early markers of type 1 diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00207476
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Slow metabolic deterioration towards diabetes in islet cell antibody positive patients with autoimmune polyendocrine disease (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 365-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Intravenous glucose tolerance test ; 37k-antibodies ; islet cell antibody staining pattern ; polyendocrinopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied metabolic progression to IDDM in a cohort of adults who are ICA-positive and have associated autoimmune endocrine disease or circulating organ-specific autoantibodies (the Polyendocrine Study). Of the 186 individuals recruited 27 developed overt diabetes after a median follow-up of 4.5 years (range 0.4–12). Of these, eight patients did not require insulin treatment until at least 6 months after clinical diagnosis, with an interval of 1.8 years (1.2–5.7). An IVGTT was performed in 38 subjects and 23 had sequential studies. Of the initial 38 subjects six developed diabetes and only three showed a loss of FPIR to glucose (below the first percentile of a normal control group) before clinical onset of the disease. An additional three subjects showed a loss of the FPIR, and all still have normal glucose tolerance after median follow-up of 28 months (22–95). A “whole” or “mixed” pattern of islet cell staining was found in five of the six patients who developed diabetes and antibodies against an islet 37 k-antigen were detectable in four patients, all of whom required insulin soon after diagnosis. A beta-cell “selective” ICA staining pattern was seen in 14 of 17 subjects who did not develop diabetes and the “mixed” pattern in only three. None of this group had detectable 37k-antibodies. We conclude that metabolic deterioration is slow in polyendocrine patients, and that the IVGTT has less prognostic significance in this group than in first degree relatives of patients with IDDM. In contrast, the presence of the “whole” or “mixed” ICA staining pattern or of 37k-antibodies can identify a high risk of progression to IDDM within this polyendocrine population and may indicate the rate of metabolic deterioration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408472
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Slow metabolic deterioration towards diabetes in islet cell antibody positive patients with autoimmune polyendocrine disease (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 365-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Intravenous glucose tolerance test, 37 k-antibodies, islet cell antibody staining pattern, polyendocrinopathy.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied metabolic progression to IDDM in a cohort of adults who are ICA-positive and have associated autoimmune endocrine disease or circulating organ-specific autoantibodies (the Polyendocrine Study). Of the 186 individuals recruited 27 developed overt diabetes after a median follow-up of 4.5 years (range 0.4–12). Of these, eight patients did not require insulin treatment until at least 6 months after clinical diagnosis, with an interval of 1.8 years (1.2–5.7) . An IVGTT was performed in 38 subjects and 23 had sequential studies. Of the initial 38 subjects six developed diabetes and only three showed a loss of FPIR to glucose (below the first percentile of a normal control group) before clinical onset of the disease. An additional three subjects showed a loss of the FPIR, and all still have normal glucose tolerance after median follow-up of 28 months (22–95). A “whole” or “mixed” pattern of islet cell staining was found in five of the six patients who developed diabetes and antibodies against an islet 37 k-antigen were detectable in four patients, all of whom required insulin soon after diagnosis. A beta-cell “selective” ICA staining pattern was seen in 14 of 17 subjects who did not develop diabetes and the “mixed” pattern in only three. None of this group had detectable 37 k-antibodies. We conclude that metabolic deterioration is slow in polyendocrine patients, and that the IVGTT has less prognostic significance in this group than in first degree relatives of patients with IDDM. In contrast, the presence of the “whole” or “mixed” ICA staining pattern or of 37 k-antibodies can identify a high risk of progression to IDDM within this polyendocrine population and may indicate the rate of metabolic deterioration. [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 365–371]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408472
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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