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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast wave poloidal flow generation in a plasma (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 3890-3895 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fast wave poloidal flow generation at the plasma edge of a tokamak is studied with a one-dimensional slab model. In the absence of mode conversion, the poloidal flow can be generated by a spatial change of plasma velocity and current density profiles due to strong minority ion power absorption at the minority ion cyclotron resonance. The electromagnetic force plays a more important role in the flow generation than does the plasma Reynolds stress. In the presence of mode conversion, the flow is mainly generated by interference between the long-wavelength transmitted fast wave and the short-wavelength ion Bernstein wave (IBW) from mode conversion. Flow shear generated in the presence of mode conversion varies spatially with a scale length similar to the IBW wavelength. With mode conversion, the plasma Reynolds stress becomes more important in the flow shear generation than the electromagnetic force. For both cases, the plasma Reynolds stress and the electromagnetic force are out of phase, so that the resultant flow shear is smaller than the larger of the two. The short scale length flow shear enhances the turbulence stabilization. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870860
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The prospects for magnetohydrodynamic stability in advanced tokamak regimesf| (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 1601-1605 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Stability analysis of advanced regime tokamaks is presented. Here advanced regimes are defined to include configurations where the ratio of the bootstrap current, IBS, to the total plasma current, Ip, approaches unity, and the normalized stored energy, βN* = 80π〈p2〉1/2a/IpB0, has a value greater than 4.5. Here, p is the plasma pressure, a the minor radius in meters, Ip is in mega-amps, B0 is the magnetic field in Tesla, and 〈⋅〉 represents a volume average. Specific scenarios are discussed in the context of Toroidal Physics Experiment (TPX) [Proceedings of the 20th European Physical Society Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics, Lisbon, 1993, edited by J. A. Costa Cabral, M. E. Manso, F. M. Serra, and F. C. Schuller (European Physical Society, Petit-Lancy, 1993), p. I-80]. The best scenario is one with reversed shear, in the q profile, in the central region of the tokamak. The bootstrap current obtained from the plasma profiles provides 90% of the required current, and is well aligned with the optimal current profile for ideal magnetohydrodynamic stability. This configuration is stable up to βN*≈ 6.8, if the external boundary conditions are relaxed to those corresponding to an ideal structure at a moderate distance of approximately 1.3 times the minor radius.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870660
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Troponin I Encompasses an Extended Troponin C in the Ca2+-Bound Complex: A Small-Angle X-ray and Neutron Scattering Study (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 33 (1994), S. 8233-8239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00193a009
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myosin S1 Changes the Orientation of Caldesmon on Actin (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 33 (1994), S. 6716-6720 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00187a043
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of laser beam waist using photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 2776-2780 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A method for the determination of a focused laser beam waist via photoionization and retarding potential analysis is discussed. The focused laser beam was employed to photoionize gas phase clusters generated from a supersonic cluster source. It intersects the cluster beam at right angle in the first stage of the time-of-flight (TOF) acceleration lens assembly. With a simple modification on a laser-based TOF mass spectrometer, retarding fields were applied right in front of the microchannel plate ion detector to map out the kinetic energy distribution of the cluster ions. The size of the laser beam along the molecular beam axis in the ionization region can then be directly related to this energy distribution. In addition, this method manifests a sensitive probe (within 10 μm) to the laser beam position.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144615
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A PC-based instrument of a modified differential normal pulse voltammetry with background current correction technique (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1679-1685 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Instead of the fixed pulse durations in conventional differential normal pulse voltammetry, a PC-based instrument using adaptable pulse duration vectors for background current correction has been proposed and implemented. With this PC-based instrument, a sequence of pulse duration vectors is determined in an initial blank solution voltammetry by assigning a decay percentage constant to the charging current. These vectors are then used in the subsequent test solution in order to obtain a pure oxidation current response in a resulting voltammogram with its corresponding features. Experimental results are presented to show the effectiveness and advantages of the PC-based instrument for the measurements of dopamine in a phosphate buffered solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144859
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double resonant behavior of microstrip ring resonator in Tl-based high Tc superconducting films (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 3281-3283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High Tc Tl–Ba–Ca–Cu–O superconducting thin films have been made by the dc magnetron sputtering followed by postannealing. In this study, a Tl-based microstrip ring resonator was fabricated by using standard microelectronic photolithographic patterning and wet chemical etching. Experimental results indicated that these ring resonators exhibit the best unloaded Q of 3269 at its resonant frequency of 3.35 GHz and some other samples display the double resonant behavior at 77 K. The frequency difference of the double resonant peaks depends on the input microwave power, and the splitting is ascribed to spatial variations in the film microstructure. The physical properties of the films are about 1 μm thick, as high as 105 K transition temperature, and greater than 105 A/cm2 current density at zero magnetic field and 77 K. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112437
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superconducting epitaxial (Tl,Bi)Sr1.6Ba0.4Ca2Cu3O9−δ film with high critical current in magnetic field (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 237-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High-quality 1-μm-thick (Tl,Bi)Sr1.6Ba0.4Ca2Cu3O9−δ films were synthesized by a simple two-step procedure. A prefilm of TlxBiySr1.6Ba0.4Ca2Cu3Oy was first deposited on the (100) surface of LaAlO3 by laser ablation at 300–500 °C. This prefilm was placed on a gold plate sitting between two similarly placed unfired Tl0.95Bi0.22Sr1.6Ba0.4Ca2Cu3O8.76 pellets, wrapped in silver foil, and subsequently heated in air at 840–870 °C for 25–60 min. The resulting glossy film exhibited at 77 K a transport Jc of 2×106 A/cm2 at 0 T and 1.5×106 A/cm2 at 0.5 T with magnetic field parallel to the film. These observed values show the absence of weak links effect. X-ray diffraction (XRD) reflections reveal the existence of only 1223 phase with nearly perfect c-axis alignment. The half-width of rocking angle monitored at (006) reflection is only 0.365°. XRD φ scan also shows no trace of intergranular misalignment along the a and b axes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112640
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of ZrO2 on the texturing and properties of melt-processed Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 2306-2308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The addition of ZrO2 is found to be very effective as the nucleation sites to promote the oriented growth of Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) during peritectic solidification. Extended regions of well- textured YBCO grains with superior superconducting properties of the YBCO bulk are readily obtained by a single-step melt process at much lower process temperatures. At 77 K, the platelike Josephson weak-link behaviors observed in pure melt-processed YBCO have been effectively eliminated, indicating that the coherency between the spherulitic superconducting YBCO grains may have been greatly improved by ZrO2 additions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111652
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poling dynamics and relaxation of polar order in guest/host polymers by second-harmonic generation (1994)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 100 (1994), S. 8454-8462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A detailed study of the decay of the second-harmonic generation (SHG) signals of several guest–host nonlinear optical polymer systems has been carried out. The decay of the SHG signal is found to be affected by surface and trapped space charges. A fast component is observed at a low poling field and is found to be mainly due to surface charges which orient the chromophores near the surface. A second component, associated with macroscopic polarization, is induced at high field. The intensity of the second component, which decays considerably slower than the fast component, rapidly increases when the poling field is greater than a threshold voltage. Above the temperature of glass transition Tg, a single exponential function gives a good fit to the shape of the second component of the SHG intensity decay curve. The time constant of the slow component is found to increase with successive poling-decay cycles and reaches a steady-state value after several cycles have been performed. This lengthening effect is found both above and below Tg. Furthermore, the relaxation time of the slow component is also found to depend on the poling field strength: when the host is polymethylmethacrylate, it is found that the relaxation time increases with increasing poling field strength; on the other hand, it decreases with the poling field when polysulfone is used as the host. The temperature dependence of the steady-state relaxation time is not Arrhenius; the Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann equation gives a satisfactory fit to the temperature dependence data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.467260
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