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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 4 (1997), S. 136-146 
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Off-line and on-line protein data-collection systems using an imaging plate as a detector are described and their components reported. The off-line scanner IPR4080 was developed for a large-format imaging plate `BASIII' of dimensions 400 × 400 mm and 400 × 800 mm. The characteristics of this scanner are a dynamic range of 105 photons pixel−1, low background noise and high sensitivity. A means of reducing electronic noise and a method for finding the origin of the noise are discussed in detail. A dedicated screenless Weissenberg camera matching IPR4080 with synchrotron radiation was developed and installed on beamline BL6B at the Photon Factory. This camera can attach one or two sheets of 400 × 800 mm large-format imaging plate inside the film cassette by evacuation. The positional reproducibility of the imaging plate on the cassette is so good that the data can be processed by batch job. Data of 93% completeness up to 1.6 Å resolution were collected on a single axis rotation and the value of Rmerge becomes 4% from a tetragonal lysozyme crystal using a set of two imaging-plate sheets. Comparing two types of imaging plates, the signal-to-noise ratio of the ST-VIP-type imaging plate is 25% better than that of the BASIII-type imaging plate for protein data collection using 1.0 and 0.7 Å X-rays. A new on-line protein data-collection system with imaging plates is specially designed to use synchrotron radiation X-rays at maximum efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 106 (1997), S. 49-51 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Polyoxyethylene oleyl ether ; liquid crystal ; phase behavior of nonionic surfactant ; small-angle X-ray scattering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Phase behavior of penta-deca- and eicosa-oxyethylene oleyl ether in water were investigated. Differently from ordinary oleyl surfactants, the lipophilic chains of the present surfactants consist of pure oleyl group. The basic feature of the phase behavior extremely resembles that of pure polyoxyethylene hexadecyl ether systems although the solid present regions in the oleyl surfactant systems are very narrow due to the low melting point of oleyl group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 139 (1997), S. 1152-1154 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cerebrospinal fluid ; D dimer ; delayed cerebral vasospasm ; subarachnoid haemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fibrinolytic agents are administered to resolve subarachnoid clot, a major reservoir for spasmogen, to prevent delayed cerebral vasospasm (VS) in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). However, intracranial bleeding often occurs, which may be caused by over-activation of fibrinolysis in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) milieu. We measured the levels of D dimer in the CSF and blood of patients with SAH to analyse the correlation between fibrinolytic activity and VS. CSF and blood samples were obtained three times, and VS was identified by angiography. The levels of D dimer in the CSF were significantly higher than in the blood, but changes with time were inverse. Patients with VS showed significantly lower levels of D dimer in both CSF and blood in the initial stage compared to those without VS. These observations suggest that monitoring of fibrinolytic activity in the CSF to identify patients eligible for additional fibrinolytic treatment could reduce the risk of VS and iatrogenic intracranial bleeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Sarin ; Organophosphate ; Acetylcholinesterase ; Miosis ; Cholinesterase ; Nerve agent
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective : To elucidate the effect of sarin vapor on pupil size and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity (AchE). Design: Retrospective observational survey. Setting: Emergency department of an urban teaching hosp
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 275 (1997), S. 777-783 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Oleic acid ; sodium oleate ; micelle ; acid ; soap ; light-scattering photometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  Dispersion behavior of aqueous solutions containing oleic acid (RH), sodium oleate (R-Na+), and NaCl was investigated by turbidity and dynamic light-scattering measurements. Changes of the size of scattering particles in solution composed of 1 mM oleic acid and 100 mM NaCl were traced as a function of the degree of ionization α, in terms of radius of the equivalent hydrodynamic sphere. Large associated micelles with a radius of 30 nm appeared by a slight decline of α and existed at α higher than 0.75. They were responsible for the three-phase equilibrium (solution, micelle and aggregated micelle, and acid–soap, (R-Na+)3RH) characterized by a constant pH of 9.75. The appearance of a new phase, (R-Na+)3RH, contributed to increase both the turbidity and averaged scattering particle size. As the breakdown of the three-phase equilibrium, radius of scattering particles increased significantly. Finally, oleic acid oil droplets were separated from aqueous phase at low α. When the system was buffered by tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris), scattering particles with a weight-averaged hydrodynamic radius of 75 nm existed in a wide range of α from 0.85 to 0.65. In Tris buffered solution, turbidity formation was induced by the increase in the number of aggregated particles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 109 (1997), S. 357-367 
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report the growth kinetics of the4He crystals with a small amount of3He impurities around 0.8 K. The growth resistance was measured using the response of the charged interface with respect to an externally applied voltage. In 5 ppm and 10 ppm3He mixtures, it is found that (1) the relaxation process can be expressed as an exponential behavior, (2) the growth resistance becomes larger compared to pure4He and does not have a strong3He concentration dependence, and (3) the temperature dependence of the growth resistance is much the same as pure4He. We discuss several possible explanations of the present experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 107 (1997), S. 165-173 
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The interfacial tension of3He−4He mixtures at saturated vapor pressure has been measured precisely down to 0.15 K by means of the resonance of the interfacial wave. We found that the decrease of the interfacial tension from the value at absolute zero can be described as 56.8T 2 mdyne/cm up to about 0.4 K and that the extrapolated value at absolute zero is 23.9±1.0 mdyne/cm. The large temperature dependence in the low temperature region may be explained by the effect of the change in density difference between the two phases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 109 (1997), S. 357-367 
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report the growth kinetics of the 4He crystals with a small amount of 3He impurities around 0.8 K. The growth resistance was measured using the response of the charged interface with respect to an externally applied voltage. In 5 ppm and 10 ppm 3He mixtures, it is found that (1) the relaxation process can be expressed as an exponential behavior, (2) the growth resistance becomes larger compared to pure 4He and does not have a strong 3He concentration dependence, and (3) the temperature dependence of the growth resistance is much the same as pure 4He. We discuss several possible explanations of the present experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The flake-forming behaviour of powders of molybdenum, niobium, nickel, BS 316 S 12, Ni–17Cr–6Al–0.6Y, iron, titanium and Ti–6Al–4V, using a wet ball mill, was investigated. MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 (MAS) glass composites reinforced with these flaked particles were fabricated, and improvements in flexural strength evaluated. The MAS glass composites reinforced with flaky metallic particles such as molybdenum, niobium, iron, nickel and Ni–17Cr–6Al–0.6Y, showed an improvement. The effect of molybdenum particle size on the flake-forming behaviour of molybdenum, flexural strength and fracture toughness of MAS glass/molybdenum composites, were investigated. The flake-forming behaviour shows a high degree of dependence on molybdenum particle size and, upto a size of 32 μm, becomes conspicuous with increasing particle size. At 32 μm, the aspect ratio reaches a value of 17 and, above 32 μm, flake forming saturates. Fracture toughness is closely related to flake-forming behaviour and the more marked the flake forming, the greater is the increase in fracture toughness. A composite of MAS glass with flaky molybdenum particles has a greater improvement effect on fracture toughness than composites with SiC whiskers, SiC platelets or ZrO2 particles. This is closely linked to plastic deformation of the flaky metallic particles at the crack tip at the time of fracture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy ; metal primer ; 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (M10P), monomolecular layer ; dissociated adsorption ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: 10-Methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (M10P) for use in dentistry has recently been noted as an adhesive monomer contained in a metal primer. Although the treatment of a metal surface with primer before the application of resin is recognized to improve the adhesion between metal and resin, the role of M10P in the adhesion process has not been clarified. In this study, infrared reflection absorption (IRA) spectroscopy was employed to study the adsorption structures of M10P as well as 2-methacryloyloxyethyl dihydrogen phosphate (M2P) on evaporated silver substrates. The IRA spectra of the self-assembled films of those phosphates verified the adsorption of M10P or M2P on silver substrates from the methyl methacrylate solutions (5 × 10-5 mol/L). The saturation coverages of M10P and M2P were completed after about 50 and 25 min, respectively. Two characteristic bands around 980 and 1080 cm-1 due to the PO32- stretching vibrations were observed. These results indicate that the phosphate groups of both monomers are adsorbed to silver surfaces in the dissociated form, -PO32-, and form hydrophobic monolayers. The monolayer of M10P was found to be more durable against thermocycling in water than that of M2P by IRA measurements. The roles of M10P in the metal primer are presumably to form such a monolayer with appreciable durability and to promote polymerization with resin monomers. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 37, 252-260, 1997.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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