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  • 1995-1999  (6)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1950-1954
  • 1997  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : Emerald
    Journal of economic studies 24 (1997), S. 222-241 
    ISSN: 0144-3585
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Investigates the possible occurrences of patterns in macroeconomic policy targeting and instruments use in some less developed countries where unscheduled regime transfers may occur. The patterns are held to correspond to those stipulated by Hibbs in his Partisan Theory for advanced democracies after due allowance is made for the nature of government and modes of regime transfer. Undertakes an investigation of Sudan, a country which has witnessed dramatic political changes that assumed the forms of eight alternating regimes in the shape of civilian democracies and military dictatorships since its independence in 1956. Traces, in particular, the evidence on quasi-political business cycles in output growth and inflation; and on quasi-political budget cycles in deficits and instruments of finance. Studies patterns on the form of use of policy instruments through reliance on monetary policy surprises. Obtains empirical results which generally point to the possible presence of eco-political patterns similar in principle to those operable in the case of developed countries but with some distinct differences in nature and rhythm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 32 (1997), S. 3749-3752 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The spinel series CuxFe3-xO4+δ, 0≤δ≤0.4 (where x=0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) has been investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and Barkhausen jumps. Analysis of X-ray intensity data showed that this system separates into two phases at x 1. The percentage of phase separation decreases with increasing copper content. The system shows a single phase at x=1. The mean potential difference, VB, and the frequency, FB, of Barkhausen jumps were measured as a function of the magnetizing current. Addition of copper enhances the irreversible motion of domain walls. The sample with x=1 shows the highest values of VB and FB. The potential energy of the walls increases with increasing copper content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The international journal of advanced manufacturing technology 13 (1997), S. 172-181 
    ISSN: 1433-3015
    Keywords: Abrasive waterjet ; Cutting of brittle materials ; Waterjet modelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Advanced engineering ceramic materials such as silicon carbides and silicon nitride have been used in many engineering applications. The abrasive waterjet is becoming the most recent cutting technique of such materials because of its inherent advantages. In the present study, two elastic-plastic erosion models are adopted to develop an abrasive waterjet model for cutting brittle materials. As a result, two cutting models based on fracture mechanics are derived and introduced. The suggested models predict the maximum depth of cut of the target material as a function of the fracture toughness and hardness as well as the process parameters. It is found that both models predict the same depth of cut within a maximum of ≈ 11%, for the practical range of process parameters used in the present study. The maximum depth of cut predicted by the suggested models are compared with published experimental results for three types of ceramics. The effect of process parameters on the maximum depth of cut for a given ceramic material is also studied and compared with experimental work. The comparison reveals that there is a good agreement between the models' predictions and experimental results, where the difference between the predicted and experimental value of the maximum depth of cut is found to be an average value of 10%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    General relativity and gravitation 29 (1997), S. 1329-1343 
    ISSN: 1572-9532
    Keywords: MODIFIED GENERAL RELATIVITY
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Aspects of the modified general relativity theory of Rastall, Al-Rawaf and Taha are discussed in both the radiation- and matter-dominated flat cosmological models. A nucleosynthesis constraint on the theory's free parameter is obtained and the implication for the age of the Universe is discussed. The consistency of the modified matter-dominated model with the neoclassical cosmological tests is demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 44 (1997), S. 339-360 
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The development of essential services including water and sanitation in many megacities of the economically developing countries of Asia cannot keep pace with their rapidly growing population and accompanying urban and industrial development. The inadequate water supply and poor sanitation services lead to contamination of their water supply. It also leads to the input of sewage water into the groundwater. The problem is seriously acute in Karachi, the largest city in Pakistan with a population of over 12 million and growing at 6 percent. This paper examines the problem of water contamination in Karachi. The paper presents the data on water quality from various sources, mainly municipal water supply, vendors and well water; the three major sources of water for domestic use in Karachi. Except municipal water from some areas and during certain periods, water from most other sources contain coliform bacteria, and in many cases faecal coliform, in amounts several magnitudes higher than any standards permit. Many samples have also been found to contain heavy metals including Chromium, Lead, Nickel and Arsenic in amounts excessive of permitted standards. The probable sources of contaminants for the various types of water (piped, vendors, wells) indicate that groundwater may be the main contributor. The very source of this groundwater is predominantly from sewage. The health hazards from consuming such contaminated water are obvious. The paper also evaluates the solutions that are being practiced, proposed or may be feasible, as well as those that are evolving.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 251 (1997), S. 23-35 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der aus den zermahlenen Wurzeln des zur Familie der Sterkuliengewächse zählenden Glossostemon bruguieri (Desf.) gewonnene Pflanzenschleim wurde einer Carbamoylethylierung unterworfen. Die Reaktion mit Acrylamid in Gegenwart von Natriumhydroxid als Katalysator wird sowohl von der Acrylamidkonzentration als auch von der Temperatur beeinflußt. Während eine Steigerung der Acrylamidkonzentration von 20 g auf 100 g pro 100 g Pflanzenschleim den Grad der Carbamoylethylierung erhöht, verringert eine Temperaturerhöhung von 25°C auf 75°C den Carbamoylethylierungsgrad. Der carbamoylethylierte Pflanzenschleim zeigt nicht-Newtonsches pseudoplastisches Verhalten, unabhängig vom Grad der Carbamoylethylierung. Andererseits bewirkt eine Anhebung des Grads der Carbamoylethylierung eine Erhöhung der Viskosität. Dies wird durch den direkten Einfluß der Acrylamidkonzentration und den gegenläufigen Effekt der Temperatur auf die Viskosität deutlich. Eine 72stündige Lagerung der Pasten führt nur bei niedrigen Carbamoylethylierungsgraden zu einer Abnahme der Viskosität. Höhere Carbamoylethylierungsgrade stabilisieren die molekulare Struktur des Pflanzenschleims.
    Notes: Mucilage isolated from the grinded roots of Glossostemon bruguieri (Desf.) (moghat) was subjected to carbamoylethylation, which involved the reaction of the moghat mucilage with acrylamide along with sodium hydroxide as a catalyst. The reaction was found to depend on the acrylamide concentration as well as on temperature. While the extent of carbamoylethylation increases by increasing acrylamide concentration from 20 to 100 g/100 g mucilage, it decreases by raising the reaction temperature from 25°C to 75°C. The carbamoylethylated moghat mucilage exhibits non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behaviour irrespective of the extent of carbamoylethylation. On the other hand, increasing the extent of carbamoylethylation is accompanied by an enhancement in the apparent viscosity. This was evidenced by the direct relation of the apparent viscosity with the increase in acrylamide concentration and its inverse relation with the temperature. A 72 h storage of the pastes under investigation causes a considerable decrement in apparent viscosity only when the extent of carbamoylethylation is low. Higher extents of carbamoylethylation stabilised the molecular structure of the moghat mucilage.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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