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  • 2005-2009
  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1998  (2)
  • 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene  (1)
  • Key words: Cytokine—V-ATPase—Na+/H+ exchange—Bafilomycin A1—Amiloride.  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for pH Sensitivity of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Release by Alveolar Macrophages (1998)
    Springer
    Lung 176 (1998), S. 111-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Keywords: Key words: Cytokine—V-ATPase—Na+/H+ exchange—Bafilomycin A1—Amiloride.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Alveolar macrophages (mφ) participate in inflammatory and immune responses in acidic microenvironments such as the interstitial fluids of tumors and abscesses. Two plasmalemmal H+ extruders interact to control the acid-base status of alveolar mφ, namely a V-type H+ pump (V-ATPase) and a Na+/H+ exchanger. The present study examined the effects of extracellular pH (pHo) and H+ transport inhibitors on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) release induced by endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) in rabbit alveolar mφ. The amount and activity of TNF-α in mφ-conditioned media were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and L929 fibroblast bioassay, respectively. TNF-α release was suppressed progressively at lower pHo values (≤7.0). Also, bafilomycin A1 (a specific inhibitor of V-ATPases) significantly reduced the amount and activity of TNF-α in mφ-conditioned media (pHo 7.4). However, bafilomycin caused a significant increase in the nonspecific cytotoxicity (i.e. bioactivity insensitive to TNF-α antibody) of mφ-conditioned media. The effects of bafilomycin specifically on TNF-α release followed a time course similar to that of acidic pHo, suggesting that both treatments acted on similar events in the lipopolysaccharide signal transduction pathway. Amiloride (an inhibitor of Na+ transporters including the Na+/H+ exchanger) also suppressed TNF-α release but displayed a time course of action different from the acidic pHo or bafilomycin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00007593
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Derivatization and separation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene metabolic products (1998)
    Springer
    Biotechnology techniques 12 (1998), S. 839-842 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6784
    Keywords: 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene ; 2,4,6-triaminotoluene ; derivatization ; separation ; HPLC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract 2,4,6-Triaminotoluene (TAT), an oxygen sensitive metabolic product of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) reduction, was derivatized yielding oxygen stable products using a procedure previously employed for the stabilization of other O2sensitive TNT metabolic products. A HPLC method is presented that allows for the separation of diverse intermediates and products of TNT metabolism following the derivatization procedure. © Rapid Science Ltd. 1998
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008833205796
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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