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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spilled gallstones after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (1998)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 12 (1998), S. 305-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Laparoscopy — Cholelithiasis — Spilled gallstones — Complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy — Abdominal abscess
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Spilled gallstones after laparoscopic cholecystectomy may cause abscess formation, but the exact extent of this problem remains unclear. Method: The data (collected by the Swiss Association of Laparoscopic and Thoracoscopic Surgery) on 10,174 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy at 82 surgical institutions in Switzerland between January 1992 and April 1995 were retrospectively analyzed with special interest in spilled gallstones and their complications. Results: In 581 cases (5.7%) spillage of gallstones occurred; 34 of these cases were primarily converted to an open procedure for stone retrieval. Of the remaining 547 cases only eight patients (0.08%) developed postoperatively abscess formation requiring reoperation. Conclusions: Spillage of gallstones after laparoscopic cholecystectomy is fairly common and occurs in about 6% of patients. However, abscess formation with subsequent surgical therapy remains a minor problem. Removal of spilled gallstones is therefore not recommended for all patients, but an attempt at removal should be performed whenever possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900659
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes by short-term hypoxia in the membrane properties of pyramidal cells and the levels of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides in slices of rat neocortex; effects of agonists and antagonists of ATP-dependent potassium channels (1998)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 358 (1998), S. 430-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words Hypoxia ; Neocortex ; KATP channels ; Purine nucleotides ; Pyrimidine nucleotides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a first series of experiments, intracellular recordings were made from pyramidal cells in layers II–III of the rat primary somatosensory cortex. Superfusion of the brain slice preparations with hypoxic medium (replacement of 95% O2–5% CO2 with 95% N2–5% CO2) for up to 30 min led to a time-dependent depolarization (HD) without a major change in input resistance. Short periods of hypoxia (5 min) induced reproducible depolarizations which were concentration-dependently depressed by an agonist of ATP-dependent potassium (KATP) channels, diazoxide (3–300 µM). The effect of 30 but not 300 µM diazoxide was reversed by washout. Tolbutamide (300 µM), an antagonist of KATP channels, did not alter the HD when given alone. It did, however, abolish the inhibitory effect of diazoxide (30 µM) on the HD. Neither diazoxide (3–300 µM) nor tolbutamide (300 µM) influenced the membrane potential or the apparent input resistance of the neocortical pyramidal cells. Current-voltage (I-V) curves constructed at a membrane potential of –90 mV by injecting both de- and hyperpolarizing current pulses were not altered by diazoxide (30 µM) or tolbutamide (300 µM). Moreover, normoxic and hypoxic I-V curves did not cross each other, excluding a reversal of the HD at any membrane potential between –130 and –50 mV. The hypoxia-induced change of the I-V relation was the same both in the absence and presence of tolbutamide (300 µM). In a second series of experiments, nucleoside di- and triphosphates separated with anion exchange HPLC were measured in the neocortical slices. After 5 min of hypoxia, levels of nucleoside triphosphates declined by 29% (GTP), 34% (ATP), 44% (UTP) and 58% (CTP). By contrast, the levels of nucleoside diphosphates either did not change (UDP) or increased by 13% (GDP) and 40% (ADP). In slices subjected to 30 min of hypoxia the triphosphate levels continued to decrease, while the levels of GDP and ADP returned to control values. The tri- to diphosphate ratios progressively declined for ATP/ADP and GTP/GDP, but not for UTP/UDP when the duration of hypoxia was increased from 5 to 30 min. Hence, the rapid fall in the ratios of nucleoside tri- to diphosphates without the induction of a potassium current failed to indicate an allosteric regulation of a plasmalemmal KATP channel by purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. Diazoxide had no effect on neocortical pyramidal neurons and was effective only in combination with a hypoxic stimulus; it is suggested that both plasmalemmal and mitochondrial KATP channels are involved under these conditions. The hypoxic depolarization may be due to blockade of K+,Na+-ATPase by limitation of energy supplying substrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00005275
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stammganglienverkalkung und Hypoparathyreoidismus (1998)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 69 (1998), S. 873-878 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Stammganglienverkalkung ; Hypoparathyreoidismus ; Alport-Syndrom ; Kalzium-Stoffwechsel ; Key words Basal ganglia calcification ; Hypoparathyroidism ; Alport-Syndrome ; Calcium-metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In most patients with basal ganglia calcification no disturbance of calcium metabolism is present. We present four patients with basal ganglia calcification. Two suffered from a secondary hypoparathyroidism following a complicated strumectomy years ago, one had an Alport-Syndrome and hypoparathyroidism. Her mother showed basal ganglia calcification and an abortive Alport-Syndrome as well, but no hypoparathyroidism.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei den meisten Patienten mit Stammganglienverkalkung läßt sich keine Störung des Kalziumstoffwechsels nachweisen. Wir stellen 4 Patienten mit Stammganglienverkalkungen vor. Bei 2 Patienten lag ein sekundärer Hypoparathyreoidismus bei Zustand nach komplizierter Strumektomie vor, bei einer weiteren ein Alport-Syndrom und Hypoparathyroidismus. Die Mutter letzterer Patientin zeigte ebenfalls Stammganglienverkalkungen und ein abortives Alport-Syndrom, aber keinen Hypoparathyreoidismus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050356
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    100. Anwendung der CFD auf Wendel- und Dispersionsrührwerke (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 70 (1998), S. 1137-1138 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.3307009102
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A parallel moving grid multigrid method for flow simulation in rotor-stator configurations (1998)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 42 (1998), S. 175-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: incompressible flow ; rotor-stator configurations ; multigrid methods ; parallel computing ; moving grids ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A parallel multigrid finite volume solver for the prediction of unsteady flows in rotor-stator configurations using a moving-grid technique is presented. The numerical solution procedure is based on a second-order finite volume discretization with collocated block-structured grids, an implicit time discretization, a pressure-correction procedure of SIMPLE type, a non-linear multigrid method and a grid partitioning technique for parallelization. For the handling of the rotation and the relative movement of stationary and moving parts of the configuration a splitting technique is employed, which, based on the block structuring, divides the computational domain in a stationary and a rotating part. According to this splitting, the time-dependent flow equations are solved in a stationary and rotating frame of reference, and a special coupling procedure is used for the interfacial blocks. The method is investigated with respect to its accuracy, where special emphasis is given to the influence of different interpolation techniques of pressure-related terms within the non-staggered pressure-correction scheme. As a practical application, the flow in a stirrer configuration with baffles is studied, for which also results concerning the numerical and parallel efficiency of the proposed method are given. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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