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  • 1995-1999  (71)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1999  (71)
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  • 1995-1999  (71)
  • 1975-1979
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature genetics 22 (1999), S. 209-209 
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Nature Genet. 22, 98–101 (1999). Due to an error on the part of Nature Genetics, the date of receipt for this Letter read 14 November 1998. The date of receipt should have read 14 January ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 6 (1999), S. 253-264 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The production of charged hadrons and ${\rm K}^0_{\rm S}$ mesons in the collisions of quasi-real photons has been measured using the OPAL detector at LEP. The data were taken at $\mbox{e}^+\mbox{e}^-$ centre-of-mass energies of 161 and 172 GeV. The differential cross-sections as a function of the transverse momentum and the pseudorapidity of the charged hadrons and ${\rm K}^0_{\rm S}$ mesons have been compared to the leading order Monte Carlo simulations of PHOJET and PYTHIA and to perturbative next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD calculations. The distributions have been measured in the range $10 〈 W 〈 125$ GeV of the hadronic invariant mass W. By comparing the transverse momentum distribution of charged hadrons measured in $\gamma\gamma$ interactions with $\gamma$ -proton and meson-proton data we find evidence for hard photon interactions in addition to the purely hadronic photon interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 6 (1999), S. 239-252 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The inclusive forward jet cross section in deep inelastic $e^+p$ scattering has been measured in the region of x–Bjorken, $4.5 \cdot 10^{-4}$ to $4.5 \cdot 10^{-2}$ . This measurement is motivated by the search for effects of BFKL–like parton shower evolution. The cross section at hadron level as a function of x is compared to cross sections predicted by various Monte Carlo models. An excess of forward jet production at small x is observed, which is not reproduced by models based on DGLAP parton shower evolution. The Colour Dipole model describes the data reasonably well. Predictions of perturbative QCD calculations at the parton level based on BFKL and DGLAP parton evolution are discussed in the context of this measurement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 6 (1999), S. 187-223 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The determination of the centre-of-mass energies from the LEP1 data for 1993, 1994 and 1995 is presented. Accurate knowledge of these energies is crucial in the measurement of the Z resonance parameters. The improved understanding of the LEP energy behaviour accumulated during the 1995 energy scan is detailed, while the 1993 and 1994 measurements are revised. For 1993 these supersede the previously published values. Additional instrumentation has allowed the detection of an unexpectedly large energy rise during physics fills. This new effect is accommodated in the modelling of the beam-energy in 1995 and propagated to the 1993 and 1994 energies. New results are reported on the magnet temperature behaviour which constitutes one of the major corrections to the average LEP energy. The 1995 energy scan took place in conditions very different from the previous years. In particular the interaction-point specific corrections to the centre-of-mass energy in 1995 are more complicated than previously: these arise from the modified radiofrequency-system configuration and from opposite-sign vertical dispersion induced by the bunch-train mode of LEP operation. Finally an improved evaluation of the LEP centre-of-mass energy spread is presented. This significantly improves the precision on the Z width.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 6 (1999), S. 225-238 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Searches for a scalar top quark and a scalar bottom quark have been performed using a total data sample of 56.8 pb $^{-1}$ at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = $ 183 GeV collected with the OPAL detector at LEP. No candidate events were observed. Combining this result with those obtained at lower centre-of-mass energies, the 95% C.L. lower limit on the scalar top quark mass is 85.0 GeV if the mixing angle between the supersymmetric partners of the left- and right-handed states of the top quark is zero. The lower limit is 81.3 GeV, even if the scalar top quark decouples from the ${\mathrm Z}^{0}$ boson. These limits were obtained assuming that the scalar top quark decays into a charm quark and the lightest neutralino, and that the mass difference between the scalar top quark and the lightest neutralino is larger than 10 GeV. The complementary decay mode of the scalar top quark in which it decays into a bottom quark, a charged lepton and a scalar neutrino was also studied. From a similar analysis, a mass limit on the light scalar bottom quark was set at 82.7 GeV for a mass difference between the scalar bottom quark and the lightest neutralino larger than 7 GeV, and at 84.0 GeV for the mass difference larger 10 GeV and the lightest neutralino heavier than 30 GeV. These limits were obtained assuming that the scalar bottom quark decays into a bottom quark and the lightest neutralino, and that a mixing angle between the supersymmetric partners of the left- and right-handed states of the bottom quark is zero.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 6 (1999), S. 1-18 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Cross-sections for hadronic, $\rm b\bar{b}$ and lepton pair final states in $\rm e^+e^-$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ =183 GeV, measured with the OPAL detector at LEP, are presented and compared with the predictions of the Standard Model. Forward-backward asymmetries for the leptonic final states have also been measured. Cross-sections and asymmetries are also presented for data recorded in 1997 at $\sqrt{s}$ =130 and 136 GeV. The results are used to measure the energy dependence of the electromagnetic coupling constant $\alpha_{\rm em}$ , and to place limits on new physics as described by four-fermion contact interactions or by the exchange of a new heavy particle such as a leptoquark, or of a squark or sneutrino in supersymmetric theories with R-parity violation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 6 (1999), S. 43-66 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The DIS diffractive cross section, $d\sigma^{di\!f\!f}_{\gamma^* p \to XN}/dM_X$ , has been measured in the mass range $M_X 〈 15$ GeV for $\gamma^*p$ c.m. energies $60 〈 W 〈 200$ GeV and photon virtualities $Q^2 = 7$ to 140 GeV $^2$ . For fixed $Q^2$ and $M_X$ , the diffractive cross section rises rapidly with $W$ , $d\sigma^{di\!f\!f}_{\gamma^*p \to XN}(M_X,W,Q^2)/dM_X \propto W^{a^{diff}}$ with $a^{diff} = 0.507 \pm 0.034 (stat)^{+0.155}_{-0.046}(syst)$ corresponding to a t-averaged pomeron trajectory of $\overline{ \alpha_{_{{\mathbb P}}} } = 1.127 \pm 0.009 (stat)^{+0.039}_{-0.012} (syst)$ which is larger than $\overline{ \alpha_{_{{\mathbb P}}} }$ observed in hadron-hadron scattering. The W dependence of the diffractive cross section is found to be the same as that of the total cross section for scattering of virtual photons on protons. The data are consistent with the assumption that the diffractive structure function $F^{D(3)}_2$ factorizes according to $x_{_{{\mathbb P}}} F^{D(3)}_2 (x_{_{{\mathbb P}}},\beta,Q^2) = (x_0/ x_{_{{\mathbb P}}})^n F^{D(2)}_2(\beta,Q^2)$ . They are also consistent with QCD based models which incorporate factorization breaking. The rise of $x_{_{{\mathbb P}}} F^{D(3)}_2$ with decreasing $x_{_{{\mathbb P}}}$ and the weak dependence of $F^{D(2)}_2$ on $Q^2$ suggest a substantial contribution from partonic interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 6 (1999), S. 67-83 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Inclusive photoproduction of $D^{\ast\pm}$ mesons has been measured for photon-proton centre-of-mass energies in the range $130 〈 W 〈 280$ GeV and photon virtuality $Q^2 〈 $ 1 GeV $^{2}$ . The data sample used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 37 pb $^{-1}$ . Total and differential cross sections as functions of the $D^*$ transverse momentum and pseudorapidity are presented in restricted kinematical regions and the data are compared with next-to-leading order (NLO) perturbative QCD calculations using the “massive charm” and “massless charm” schemes. The measured cross sections are generally above the NLO calculations, in particular in the forward (proton) direction. The large data sample also allows the study of dijet production associated with charm. A significant resolved as well as a direct photon component contribute to the cross section. Leading order QCD Monte Carlo calculations indicate that the resolved contribution arises from a significant charm component in the photon. A massive charm NLO parton level calculation yields lower cross sections compared to the measured results in a kinematic region where the resolved photon contribution is significant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 6 (1999), S. 555-574 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. From a study of the kinematic properties of the final state produced in the semileptonic decays ${\rm b\to X\ell\nu_{\ell}}$ , the inclusive charmless semileptonic branching ratio of b hadrons is measured. With a sample of 3.6 million hadronic Z decays recorded between 1992 and 1995 with the ALEPH detector at LEP, the value ${\rm Br(b\to X_u\ell\nu_{\ell})}$ is determined to be $(1.73\pm 0.55_{{\rm stat}}\pm 0.55_{{\rm syst}})\times 10^{-3}$ , where ${\rm X_u}$ represents any charmless hadronic state and b is a mixture of b hadrons weighted by their production rates. This measurement yields the result \[ {\rm |V_{ub}|^2}= (18.68\pm 5.94_{{\rm stat}}\pm 5.94_{{\rm syst}}\pm 1.45_{HQE})\times 10^{-6}, \] where the last error comes from the conversion of the branching ratio to the CKM matrix element squared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 6 (1999), S. 603-627 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Exclusive production of $\rho^0$ and $J/\psi$ mesons in e $^+$ p collisions has been studied with the ZEUS detector in the kinematic range $0.25 〈 Q^2 〈 50$ GeV $^2$ , $20 〈 W 〈 167$ GeV for the $\rho^0$ data and $2 〈 Q^2 〈 40$ GeV $^2$ , $50 〈 W 〈 150$ GeV for the $J/\psi$ data. Cross sections for exclusive $\rho^0$ and $J/\psi$ production have been measured as a function of $Q^2$ , W and t. The spin-density matrix elements $r^{04}_{00}$ , $r^1_{1-1}$ and Re $\:r^{5}_{10}$ have been determined for exclusive $\rho^0$ production as well as $r^{04}_{00}$ and $r^{04}_{1-1}$ for exclusive $J/\psi$ production. The results are discussed in the context of theoretical models invoking soft and hard phenomena.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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