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  • 1995-1999  (9)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1999  (9)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letter to the Editor (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of surgical oncology 6 (1999), S. 510-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10434-999-0510-9
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Current transport and the role of barrier inhomogeneities at the high barrier n-InP | poly(pyrrole) interface (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 6431-6441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A detailed study of current transport at the Schottky-type n-InP | poly(pyrrole) interface is presented. At room temperature, this interface exhibits an average quality factor of n=1.02±0.02, a C–V barrier height of qφbCV=0.78±0.01 eV, and a surface recombination velocity over two orders-of-magnitude slower than at ideal n-InP metal interfaces. These latter two parameters imply an effective barrier height of 0.9 eV, which is among the highest values ever reported for an n-InP Schottky-type diode. The quality factor increases monotonically with decreasing temperature reaching a value of 1.23 at 98 K. Substantial curvature is also observed in a Richardson plot at reduced temperature. These temperature dependencies can be quantitatively modeled using thermionic emission theory in the presence of barrier inhomogeneities. Standard models, including thermionic emission with image force effects, interfacial layer models with and without surface states, and tunneling, do not adequately explain the temperature dependence of the quality factor and the curvature in the Richardson plot. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.371707
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spin-interference device (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 695-697 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We propose a spin-interference device which works even without any ferromagnetic electrodes and any external magnetic field. The interference can be expected in the Aharonov–Bohm (AB) ring with a uniform spin-orbit interaction, which causes the phase difference between the spin wave functions traveling in the clockwise and anticlockwise direction. The gate electrode, which covers the whole area of the AB ring, can control the spin-orbit interaction, and therefore, the interference. A large conductance modulation effect can be expected due to the spin interference. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124485
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Malignant chondroblastoma presenting as a recurrent pelvic tumor with DNA aneuploidy and p53 mutation as supportive evidence of malignancy (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 644-650 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Chondroblastoma ; malignant ; recurrent ; p53 mutation ; Aneuploidy ; Pelvis ; Femur ; Xray ; CT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We report a rare case of malignant chondroblastoma, which presented in a 47-year-old man as a recurrent tumor, 18 years following wide excision of a typical pelvic chondroblastoma. Radiologic studies of the recurrent tumor showed a large, lytic, destructive lesion of the right pelvic bones and femur, with a pathologic fracture of the latter, a large pelvic soft tissue mass, and multiple pulmonary metastases. Biopsy tissue showed typical features of chondroblastoma, but also increased nuclear atypia, hyperchromasia, and pleomorphism, compared to the original tumor, and, most significantly, abnormal mitotic figures. Immunohistochemical studies of the recurrent tumor revealed p53 mutation and extensive proliferative activity, and flow cytometric studies showed DNA aneuploidy, none of which was present in the original tumor. The patient received chemotherapy and radiation, but died of disease eight months after presentation. We also review chondroblastoma in general, to assign this unusual lesion to a tumor subtype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050567
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inactivation of the Neurospora crassa mitochondrial outer membrane protein TOM70 by repeat-induced point mutation (RIP) causes defects in mitochondrial protein import and morphology (1999)
    Springer
    Current genetics 36 (1999), S. 137-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key wordsNeurospora ; TOM70 ; Mitochondria ; Protein import
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mitochondrial biogenesis requires the efficient import of hundreds of different cytosolically translated preproteins into existing organelles. Recognition and translocation of preproteins at the mitochondrial outer membrane is achieved by the TOM complex (translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane). The largest component of this complex is TOM70, an integral outer membrane protein with a large cytosolic domain thought to serve as a receptor for a specific group of preproteins. To investigate the functional role of TOM70 in Neurospora crassa the tom70 gene was inactivated using the natural phenomenon of repeat-induced point mutation (RIP). Mutant strains were identified that harbored RIPed tom70 alleles and contained no immunologically detectable TOM70. Strains that lack TOM70 grow more slowly than wild-type strains, conidiate poorly, and contain enlarged mitochondria. In vitro preprotein import studies using TOM70-deficient mitochondria revealed a defect in the uptake of the ADP/ATP carrier. Other preproteins tested were imported at wild-type rates with the exception of the precursor of the mitochondrial-processing peptidase (MPP) which was imported more efficiently by TOM70-deficient mitochondria. These data support the view that TOM70 plays a role as a specific receptor for carrier proteins in mitochondrial-preprotein import. The presence of tetratricopeptide repeats (TPRs) in the TOM70 sequence and the enlarged shape of mitochondria lacking TOM70 raise the possibility that the protein also plays a role in the maintenance of mitochondrial morphology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050483
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Opportunistic Field Experiment in Community Water Conservation (1999)
    Springer
    Population and environment 20 (1999), S. 545-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7810
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
    Notes: Abstract This quasi-experimental, seven-year study evaluated the effectiveness of an educative versus a price structuring approach to the strategic management of domestic water consumption. The Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior scales of the Water Survey Questionnaire (Watson, Moore, McLachlan, Bradley & Murphy, 1988) measured the effects of the two strategies on water conservation. Two thousand six hundred parents, teachers, high, and elementary students in cross-sectional and longitudinal samples were measured in three data gathering rounds at the first, fourth, and seventh years. In the educative phase between the first and second rounds, water conservation increased. Although there was no significant change in behavior, some decline in positive attitudes and intentions occurred during the price structuring phase between the second and third rounds. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to other studies. Findings on the stability of inter-group and inter-variable relationships and on the consistency of the measuring instrument across time are also presented and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023370100947
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycosylated hemoglobin and risk of colorectal cancer and adenoma (United States) (1999)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 10 (1999), S. 379-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: colorectal neoplasms ; glycosylated ; hemoglobin A ; United States ; women
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives: The consistently observed epidemiologic associations of obesity and physical activity with colorectal cancer and precursor adenoma risk suggest that insulin and glucose control may be contributory. We evaluated the association of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), a clinical indicator of average glycemia over the previous 2 months, and possibly, indirectly, a marker of average blood insulin level, with colorectal carcinogenesis. Methods: Among women in the Nurses' Health Study, who provided blood in 1989–90 and were diagnosed subsequently in 1989–94, we included 79 colorectal cancer cases and 156 matched controls, and 201 distal colorectal adenoma cases and 201 matched controls. HbA1c concentrations in red blood cells were determined blindly by turbidometric immunoinhibition. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated from conditional logistic regression models. Results: HbA1c level did not significantly differ between colorectal cancer cases (median 5.5%) and controls (5.5%, p = 0.5), although a small difference between adenoma cases (5.6%) and controls (5.5%, p = 0.06) was noted. Compared to the lowest tertile of HbA1c (median 5.2%), women in the middle (median 5.5%, OR = 1.2, CI = 0.6–2.5) and upper (5.8%, OR = 1.2, CI = 0.6–2.7) tertiles were not at an increased risk for colorectal cancer. A modestly elevated risk of distal colorectal adenoma in the upper (median 5.8%, OR = 1.4, CI = 0.9–2.3) versus lower (median 5.3%) tertile could not be excluded. These associations were not appreciably altered after adjusting for known and suspected colorectal cancer risk factors. Conclusion: Over the range of levels observed in this relatively small sample of middle-aged women, prediagnostic HbA1c does not clearly predict colorectal cancer and adenoma risk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008953611657
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on Use of Wrong Agent in an Anesthesia Agent Vaporizer (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of clinical monitoring and computing 15 (1999), S. 57-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2614
    Keywords: Equipment ; monitoring ; anesthesia, inhalational ; anesthetics, volatile ; halothane ; enflurane ; isoflurane ; vaporizer ; key-filling systems ; mixture ; errors ; human factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The creation of agent mixtures from the addition of the wrong agent to a vaporizer might pose a risk to the patient. Patient injury would be more likely if the anesthesia gas monitor displayed erroneous concentration values. Conventional inhalation agent monitors do not necessarily distinguish anesthetic agents. Some modern monitors have that ability but its clinical significance has not been determined. We wanted to simulate such an erroneous mixture in a laboratory setup. Six comparisons were made. Isoflurane, Enflurane, and Halothane vaporizers were first filled with the correct agent. They were run at 5 liters/minute fresh oxygen flow at a vaporizer dial setting of 5% until it reached the “refill” line. Then, one of two incorrect agents was added to the “full” line. Thereafter, the vaporizer continued at the same flow and the same dial setting until it was exhausted. Vaporizer output was recorded or calculated by using three methods of measurement: mass spectrometry, conventional infrared analysis (at 3.3 micrometer wave length), and piezoelectric crystal analysis. Additional calculations were used to estimate measurements that could not be made because of lack of available equipment. In a Halothane vaporizer: Enflurane added – not a significant problem; Isoflurane added – not a significant problem. In an Isoflurane vaporizer: Halothane added – not a significant problem; Enflurane added – not a significant problem. In an Enflurane vaporizer: Isoflurane added – not a significant problem; Halothane added – The sum of the delivered Halothane MAC and the delivered Enflurane MAC was twice the expected Enflurane MAC output from vaporizer, with conventional agent monitor reading which showed decreasing agent concentration. Patient injury could be more likely in this last case. In this last case and in all cases, piezoelectric crystal monitoring correctly displayed the sum of the two agent concentrations in volumes percent. Automatic agent identification can identify erroneous agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009979531850
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of Alarms: A Study on Alarm Limits, Alarm Sounds, and False Alarms, Intended to Reduce Annoyance (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of clinical monitoring and computing 15 (1999), S. 75-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Alarms in the operating room remain a major source of annoyance and confusion. Nearly all alarms result from a transgression of certain alarm limits. We surveyed manufacturers at a major meeting of anesthesiologists for their default alarm limits. We also conducted a mail survey of anesthesiologists in the United States, Finland, and the Netherlands, to learn their chosen alarm limits, reasons for turning off the alarms, and estimates of the number of false alarms. The surveys of medical monitoring manufacturers demonstrated a wide variety of default alarm settings. Anesthesiologists' chosen alarm limits tended to parallel the manufacturers' defaults. Fewer than 30% of anesthesiologists stated that they did not turn off the alarms. The leading reason for turning off alarms was the large number of false alarms. Estimates of the number of false alarms varied from 30% to 76%. The desired role of alarms in anesthetic practice and some suggestions for the general improvement of alarms are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009992830942
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