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  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1999  (2)
  • 1-norm  (1)
  • Key words Cholecystokinin  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Cholecystokinin ; Cysteamine ; Intrapancreatic neuron ; Islets ; Pancreatic secretion ; Pertussis toxin ; Somatostatin ; Somatostatin antagonist
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  The role of intrapancreatic neurons in the action of cholecystokinin (CCK) on pancreatic exocrine secretion of the totally isolated, perfused rat pancreas was investigated. Intrapancreatic neurons were activated by applying electrical field stimulation (EFS) to the isolated pancreas for 45 min. When applying EFS, spontaneous pancreatic secretions of fluid and amylase increased until the second 15-min period of EFS and then decreased during the third 15-min period. Atropine (2 µM) notably reduced the EFS-evoked pancreatic secretions of fluid and amylase. The CCK-induced (10 pM) pancreatic secretions of fluid and amylase elevated further in the first 15-min period of EFS and then gradually resumed to the levels observed during application of CCK alone in the third 15-min period of EFS. However, the CCK-induced pancreatic secretions remained elevated even in the third 15-min period of EFS when an action of endogenous somatostatin was inhibited by cyclo-(7-aminoheptanonyl-Phe-d-Trp-Lys-Thr[BZL]) (10 nM) or pertussis toxin (200 ng/ml). EFS further elevated spontaneous exocrine secretion by the cysteamine-treated (300 mg/kg) pancreas, but this was markedly reduced, to normal levels, by infusing somatostatin (100 pM). EFS increased the numbers of immunoreactive somatostatin cells in the Langerhans’ islets. The results indicate that intrapancreatic neuronal activation influences CCK-induced pancreatic secretions in a dual-phase pattern in the rat: an increase during the early phase and a decrease during the late phase. Endogenous somatostatin released from the islets appears to inhibit the enhancing effect of neuronal activation on CCK-induced pancreatic secretion. Of the intrapancreatic neurons, the cholinergic ones appear to predominate in EFS’s effects on CCK-induced pancreatic secretion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    BIT 39 (1999), S. 757-779 
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Schlagwort(e): Overdetermined linear systems ; rank reduction ; Hankel structure ; Toeplitz structure ; structured total least norm ; total least squares ; 1-norm ; 2-norm ; singular value decomposition
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract The structure preserving rank reduction problem arises in many important applications. The singular value decomposition (SVD), while giving the closest low rank approximation to a given matrix in matrix L 2 norm and Frobenius norm, may not be appropriate for these applications since it does not preserve the given structure. We present a new method for structure preserving low rank approximation of a matrix, which is based on Structured Total Least Norm (STLN). The STLN is an efficient method for obtaining an approximate solution to an overdetermined linear system AX ≈ B, preserving the given linear structure in the perturbation [E F] such that (A + E)X = B + F. The approximate solution can be obtained to minimize the perturbation [E F] in the L p norm, where p = 1, 2, or ∞. An algorithm is described for Hankel structure preserving low rank approximation using STLN with L p norm. Computational results are presented, which show performances of the STLN based method for L 1 and L 2 norms for reduced rank approximation for Hankel matrices.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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