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Mobility in old age (1999)

Walsh, K ; Roberts, J ; Bennett, G

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Gerodontology 16 (1999), S. 0

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ISSN: 1741-2358

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Immobility is common In older people and may impact on their dental care. Immobility in old age may have physical, psychological and environmental causes. Immobile elderly people often suffer from a number of diseases which worsen their mobility. Arthritis, osteoporosis, hip fracture, stroke and Parkinson's disease are among the most common causes of immobility in old age. Complications of immobility such as orthostatic hypotension may occur in the dental patient. Careful history-taking and a thorough physical examination by the physician are the most important parts of the assessment process. This assessment should lead to a list of active problems and treatment should then be aimed at these problems. Active management, carried out by the multidisciplinary team, will lead to improvements in mobility and lessen the frequency and severity of the complications of immobility. This broad description thus provides the basis for a wide understanding for the special problems that the immobile patient present to the practitioner and ways of overcoming the problems.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.1999.00069.x

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Use of public information when foraging: effects of time available to sample foods (1999)

Galef Jr., Bennett G. ; Whiskin, Elaine E.

Springer

Animal cognition 2 (1999), S. 103-107

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ISSN: 1435-9456

Keywords: Key words Social learning ; Temporal constraints ; Public information ; Rats

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract It has been proposed that use of socially acquired information by animals should increase as the time available for individual resource sampling decreases. We gave Norway rat “observers” either 2 or 5 h day–1 to sample four foods. Three of these foods were relatively palatable, but protein-poor; the fourth was relatively unpalatable, but protein-rich. We found that observer rats that for 2 h day–1 both sampled foods and interacted with demonstrators eating only the protein-rich food ate more of the protein-rich food than did observers that sampled for 2 h day–1 but had no opportunity to interact with demonstrators. On the other hand, observer rats that could sample foods for 5 h day–1 ate equal amounts of protein-rich food whether they interacted with a demonstrator fed protein-rich food or not. Subsequent analyses showed that the time available to observers to sample foods, rather than the opportunity to interact with demonstrators determined whether such interaction influenced observers’ food choices. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that animals increase their use of public information in response to temporal constraints on opportunities for resource sampling.