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  • 2000-2004  (21)
  • 2003  (3)
  • 2002  (18)
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  • 2000-2004  (21)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance and application of a superlattice infrared photodetector with a blocking barrier (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 943-948 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An infrared photodetector that contains a superlattice structure and a blocking barrier was investigated. The photodetector shows advantages including a low operating voltage (〈0.7 V), wide detection bandwidth, flexible miniband engineering, and in particular, voltage-tunable spectral responsivity. The blocking barrier not only prohibits the dark current but also acts as a high-pass energy filter to tune the spectral responsivity. The zero background peak detectivity of our detector is 3.7×109 cm Hz0.5/W (9.7 μm) at −0.5 V and 2.2×1010 cm Hz0.5/W (6.7 μm) at −0.1 V. Since the spectral responsivity at different biases is independent, temperature sensing is feasible by taking the ratio of the measured photocurrent at different biases. A demonstration of temperature sensing by using our superlattice infrared photodetector with a blocking barrier is also shown in this article. Those results show the superlattice is a simple and efficient structure for the design of a multicolor infrared photodetector. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1430887
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulation of photonic band gaps in metal rod lattices for microwave applications (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 960-968 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have derived the global band gaps for general two-dimensional (2D) photonic band gap (PBG) structures formed by square or triangular arrays of metal posts. Such PBG structures have many promising applications in active and passive devices at microwave, millimeter wave, and higher frequencies. A coordinate-space, finite-difference code, called the photonic band gap structure simulator (PBGSS), was developed to calculate complete dispersion curves for lattices for a series of values of the ratio of the post radius (r) to the post spacing (a). The fundamental and higher frequency global photonic band gaps were determined numerically. These universal curves should prove useful in PBG cavity design. In addition, for very long wavelengths, where the numerical methods of the PBGSS code are difficult, dispersion curves were derived for the transverse-magnetic (TM) mode by an approximate, quasi-static approach. Results of this approach agree well with the PBGSS code for r/a〈0.1. The present results are compared with experimental data for transverse-electric (TE) and TM mode PBG resonators built at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the agreement is found to be very good. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1426247
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Highly bright blue organic light-emitting devices using spirobifluorene-cored conjugated compounds (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 81 (2002), S. 577-579 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An efficient and morphologically stable pyrimidine-containing spirobifluorene-cored oligoaryl, 2,7-bis[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)pyrimidine-5-yl]-9,9′-spirobifluorene (TBPSF), as an emitter or a host for blue organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), is reported. The steric hindrance inherent with the molecular structure renders the material a record-high neat-film photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield of 80% as a pure blue emitter (PL peak at 430 nm) of low molecular weight, and a very high glass-transition temperature (Tg) of 195 °C. Blue OLEDs employing this compound as the emitter or the emitting host exhibit unusual endurance for high currents over 5000 mA/cm2. When TBPSF is used as a host for perylene in a blue OLED, maximal brightness of ∼80 000 cd/m2 had been achieved, representing the highest values reported for blue OLEDs under dc driving. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1493669
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epitaxial growth of dielectric CaCu3Ti4O12 thin films on (001) LaAlO3 by pulsed laser deposition (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 81 (2002), S. 631-633 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High dielectric CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) thin films were epitaxially grown on (001) LaAlO3 (LAO) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Microstructural studies by x-ray diffraction, pole figure measurements, and transmission electron microscopy show that the as-grown films are good single crystalline quality with an interface relationship of (001)CCTO//(001)LAO and [100]CCTO//[100]LAO. Dielectric property measurements show that the films have an extremely high dielectric constant with value of 10 000 at 1 MHz at room temperature. It is interesting to note that the twinned substrate results in the formation of twinning or dislocations inside the CCTO film. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1490624
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bias effect on the growth of carbon nanotips using microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 81 (2002), S. 721-723 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Carbon nanotips with a high-aspect ratio were directly grown on Pt films. Carbon nanotips grew up to 5.4 μm length and 64 nm diameter under a −120 V bias. Compared to the hollow structure of carbon nanotubes, transmission electron microscopy images indicate its solid body, which is made of graphite. Carbon nanotips possess good field emission characteristics, that is, a turn-on field of 1.5 V/μm and 761 μA/cm2 under 2.2 V/μm. The Pt films provide a good conduction path for electron transport from the cathode to the emission site and do not act as catalysts. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1494839
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field emission from well-aligned carbon nanotips grown in a gated device structure (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 1821-1822 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Vertically well-aligned, high-aspect-ratio carbon nanotips have been directly grown upward on the gated device structure with 4 μm gate aperture. The nanotips rapidly nucleate and grow without any catalyst. In addition, selected area deposition of nanotips is achieved by using a Pt layer as inhibitor in the bias-assisted microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. The field emission current of nanotips on the gated structure is 154 μA (at a gate-to-cathode voltage of Vgc=50 V). This results from the following reasons: (i) short gate-tips spacing, (ii) small gate aperture, and (iii) the high-aspect ratio of nanotips. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1459109
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multicolor infrared detection realized with two distinct superlattices separated by a blocking barrier (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 2251-2253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A multicolor infrared photodetector was realized with two superlattices separated by a blocking barrier. The photoresponse is switchable between 7.5–12 and 6–8.5 μm by the bias polarity, and is also tunable by the bias magnitude in each wavelength regime. In addition, our detector exhibits advantages including little temperature dependence of the spectral response and the same order of responsivity in the two wavelength regimes. The measured peak responsivities in the two regimes are 117 mA/W at 9.8 μm under 1 V and 129 mA/V at 7.4 μm under −0.8 V, respectively. Also, the detectivities are comparable with the conventional multistack detector. The zero background peak detectivities are 2.3×1010 cm Hz0.5/W at 50 K and 9.8 μm under 0.7 V, and 8.7×1010 cm Hz0.5/W at 70 K and 7.4 μm under −0.7 V. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1466537
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of enhanced luminescence in InxAlyGa1−x−yN quaternary alloys (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 1397-1399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report a firm evidence of enhanced luminescence from InGaN-like clusters in InxAlyGa1−x−yN quaternary alloys. Photoluminescence (PL) and Raman scattering measurements have been employed to study the optical properties of these alloys. The excellent correlation between the phonon replica structures accompanying luminescence line and the observed InGaN-related phonon modes in Raman spectra provide a powerful evidence showing that the existence of InGaN-like clusters is responsible for the enhanced luminescence in InxAlyGa1−x−yN quaternary alloys. In addition, the dependence of the PL emission energy on temperature in the low-temperature regime and on excitation power density can also be explained consistently with recombination mechanisms involving the localized states attributed to InGaN-like cluster size fluctuations. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1455147
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combined use of esmolol and nicardipine to blunt the haemodynamic changes following laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation〈link href="#fn1-4"〉*〈/link〉 (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined the effect of different combinations of esmolol and nicardipine upon the circulatory response to tracheal intubation. One hundred patients were randomly allocated into five groups of twenty to receive pretreatments of saline or different combinations of esmolol (0.5 or 1.0 mg.kg−1) and nicardipine (15 or 30 µg.kg−1). Significant tachycardia persisted over a 5-min period after intubation in all five groups compared with baseline levels (p 〈 0.05). Patients receiving esmolol 1.0 mg.kg−1 and nicardipine 30 μg.kg−1 showed no significant change in systolic blood pressure after tracheal intubation compared with baseline and significant lower peak systolic blood pressure than those receiving saline (p = 0.023).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2002.02624_4.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The size of interstellar nanodiamonds revealed by infrared spectra of CH on synthetic diamond nanocrystal surfaces (2002)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 116 (2002), S. 1211-1214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Infrared spectra of CH stretches have been investigated on the surfaces of synthetic diamond crystallites (5, 100, and 700 nm in diameter) to provide insights into the mid-infrared emission bands of stardusts in interstellar media. While the spectrum of 5-nm diamonds fails to display the distinct 2835 cm−1 (or 3.53 μm) band, a remarkably good match of the absorption bands of larger diamond grains with the emission observed for the stars Elias 1 and HD 97048 is obtained. Suggested by this study, the nanodiamonds that can display such characteristic emission bands at 3.53 μm in these two interstellar systems have a size significantly larger than 5 nm. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1434947
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