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Two major distinct subpopulations of neurokinin-3 receptor-expressing neurons in the superficial dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord (2002)

Ding, Yu-Qiang ; Lu, Chun-Rong ; Wang, Hong ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd

European journal of neuroscience 16 (2002), S. 0

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ISSN: 1460-9568

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: This study was designed to provide evidence for elucidating the mechanisms of neurokinin-3 receptor (NK3) in spinal pain modulation. First, colocalization of NK3 with the µ-opioid receptor (MOR1) was studied in the spinal dorsal horn of the rat. Confocal microscopy showed that about 44% of NK3-expressing neurons in laminae I and II were immunoreactive for MOR1, which corresponded to about 93% of the total population of MOR1-containing neurons in these laminae. Second, the relationship between NK3/MOR1-coexpressing neurons and those that express nitric oxide synthase (NOS) was examined by using a triple immunofluorescent staining method. About 37% of NK3-immunoreactive neurons were also NOS-immunoreactive, which constituted about 82% of NOS-immunoreacitve neurons in the superficial laminae. However, no triple-labelled neurons were detected. The present results indicate that there are two major distinct subpopulations of NK3-expressing neurons in the superficial dorsal horn, which suggests that the involvement of NK3 receptor in spinal nociception could be mediated by two distinct mechanisms, i.e. opioid and nitric oxide.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.02135.x

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The Numerical Study on Load-Transferring Model for SFRC Double-Column Combined Six-Pile Caps (2008)

Zhang, Yuan Yuan ; Xu, Li Hua ; Chi, Yin

s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland

Key engineering materials Vol. 400-402 (Oct. 2008), p. 321-327

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ISSN: 1013-9826

Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008

Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Notes: For discussing the mechanism of load-transferring for reinforced steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) double-column combined six-pile caps, the large-scale general finite element software-ABAQUS is used for the tested SFRC caps with computing in the aspects of modeling, cracking load, limit load, load-deformation curve, distribution of stress in caps and cracks and etc. The results of computing is compared with the result of experiments and the comparison is indicated: The results of computing and experiments are coincided well; The destroy pattern of SFRC double-column combined six-pile caps is sheared damage or punched damage and the model of load-transferring accords with spatial strut-and-tie method (STM); The mixture of steel fiber can improve cracking load and limit load for RC caps, delay the crack for caps, block the cracks’ expansion, and enhance the cap’s ductility