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  • 2000-2004  (64)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1830-1839
  • 2003  (64)
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  • 2000-2004  (64)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1830-1839
Year
Person/Organisation
Language
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organizational Transformation in Transition Economies: Resource-based and Organizational Learning Perspectives (2003)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of management studies 40 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The capitalist and socialist societies of the twentieth century assigned firms different roles within their economic systems. Enterprises transforming from socialist to market economies thus face fundamental organizational restructuring. Many former state-owned firms in the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe have failed at this task. These firms have pursued primarily defensive downsizing, rather than strategic restructuring, as a result of both internal and external constraints on restructuring strategies.Building on the organizational learning and resource-based theories, we analyse strategies available to management in privatized, former state-owned enterprises in transition economies to restructure their organization. Both internal forces promoting or inhibiting the restructuring process, and external constraints arising in the transition context are examined. A model and testable propositions are developed that explain post-privatization performance. Implications of our research point to the ways in which firms should manage and develop their resource base to transform to competitive enterprises.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00340
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Post-Acquisition Restructuring as Evolutionary Process* (2003)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of management studies 40 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The transformation and integration of acquired businesses is subject to tensions between implementing radical change to match the strategy and corporate culture of the acquirer, and promoting what is valuable in resources and cultural attributes in the acquired organization. Analysts’ disagreement arises from different conceptualizations of the nature of resources. We present an evolutionary perspective that demonstrates not only the merits of competitive selection, but of local adaptation of transferred resources and of stimulating the development of local ones.Evidence from 18 original case studies in Hungary and East Germany shows that a defensive focus on short-term efficiency, i.e. downsizing, may fail to realize the long-term potential of the organization. Acquirers supporting an evolutionary development of their new subsidiary by providing autonomy and complementary resources might well have to tolerate some slack in the short run, but may realize more of the potential contributions of the acquired assets in the long run.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00347
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Academic entrepreneurs or entrepreneurial academics? research–based ventures and public support mechanisms (2003)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    R & D management 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The emergence of a new mode of knowledge production, the formation of a ‘Triple Helix’ of university–industry–government, and the advent of the academic entrepreneur – all these different developments point, in one way or another, to the increased attention that is being paid to the economic utilization of publicly funded research. One way to utilize academic research in a commercial manner is to set up university spin–off companies. We shall discuss the phenomenon of academic entrepreneurship in the context of public support mechanisms and incentive structures. One key finding is that support mechanisms do not necessarily promote academic entrepreneurship but further the development of a behavioural pattern that can be associated with the notion of the ‘entrepreneurial academic’– scientists in public sector organizations who are not necessarily interested in setting up a fast–growing company but looking for other avenues in which they can pursue their research interests. Badly targeted support mechanisms can have a negative impact on the growth–pattern of science–based SMEs by providing a distorted set of incentives. We shall discuss some of these support mechanisms in detail and illustrate effects they have had on the development of four research–based ventures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9310.00286
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    pH-induced alterations in stratum corneum properties (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 25 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Skin-cleansing compositions based on alkyl carboxylates (soaps) have a higher irritation potential than those based on syndet surfactants such as alkyl isethionates or alkyl ether sulphates. Contributing factors include inherent differences in the irritation potential of soaps and syndet surfactants, pH-induced changes in surfactant solution chemistry, and the direct effects of pH on the physical properties of the stratum corneum (SC). Past work has not directly addressed the effect of solution pH on the SC itself and its potential role in cleanser-induced skin irritation. In the current work, alterations to SC properties induced by buffered pH solutions and two strongly ionizable surfactants, sodium dodecyl sulphate and sodium lauryl ether sulphate, at different pH values are measured. By utilizing optical coherence tomography (OCT) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy we have directly measured physical changes in SC proteins and lipids. Our results indicate that SC swelling, which reflects alterations to SC structural proteins, is increased significantly at pH 10, compared to pH 4 and 6.5. The transition temperature (Tm) of SC lipids is found to increase at pH 10, compared to pH 4 and 6.5, suggesting a more rigid SC lipid matrix. Surfactants cause a further increase in swelling and lipid rigidity. Some aspects of what these results mean for SC physical properties as well as their implications to potential mechanisms of surfactant-induced skin irritation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-2494.2003.00176.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adolescents' Decisions About Verbal and Physical Aggression (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Human communication research 29 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: This investigation examines the ability of the theory of reasoned action (TRA) to explain and predict adolescents' verbal (i.e., insulting) and physical (i.e., fighting) aggression, as well as behaviors that encourage aggression such as watching a fight or telling others about a fight that is going to happen. Subjects were 488 seventh-grade boys and girls enrolled in 2 public junior high schools in a large Midwestern U.S. city. Subjects completed a survey assessing components of the TRA as they related to the 4 behaviors under investigation. Consistent with the TRA, analysis revealed that attitudes and subjective norms predicted behavioral intent, and intent predicted behavior, for watching a fight, spreading rumors about a fight, and insulting. For fighting, however, attitudes, but not subjective norms, predicted behavioral intent, and intent predicted behavior. Implications for the TRA as well as for the development of youth violence prevention and intervention programs are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2003.tb00834.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nicotine-induced neuroprotection against N-methyl-d-aspartic acid or β-amyloid peptide occur through independent mechanisms distinguished by pro-inflammatory cytokines (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 87 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Nicotine, the causative agent of addiction to tobacco, can also be a neuroprotectant. Nicotine-induced neuroprotection against different toxins is imparted through pharmacologically distinct neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) where protection against chronic N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) exposure is through nAChRα7 but protection against the toxic peptide of amyloid precursor protein, Aβ25−35, is through nAChRα4β2. The inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is also neuroprotective, however, in the presence of nicotine, neuroprotection against NMDA is abolished. The specificity of nicotine–TNFα antagonism was further refined using a mouse transgenic dominant negative of nAChRα7 in which nicotine failed to induce neuroprotection against NMDA and antagonism of TNFα was absent. However, nicotine-mediated neuroprotection against Aβ25−35 was unaffected and, therefore, did not require the expression of functional nAChRα7s. The mechanism of TNFα-mediated neuroprotection and antagonism by nicotine was independent of caspase 8 activation or nuclear factor kappa B translocation in neurons but C6-ceramide addition to neuronal cultures subsequently exposed to NMDA mimicked the neuroprotective effect of TNFα and, like TNFα, it was antagonized by cotreatment with nicotine. Therefore, the neuroprotective effects of nicotine against differing toxic assaults requires distinct nAChR subtypes and proceeds through intracellular pathways that overlap with similarly different mechanisms initiated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results provide insight into how nicotine imparts neuroprotection and modulates inflammatory responses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02074.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Academic criticism in Spanish medical discourse: a cross-generic approach (2003)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of applied linguistics 13 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1473-4192
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies
    Notes: The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the frequency of academic criticism (AC) varies in the four most frequent written genres of medical Spanish discourse – editorials (ED), review articles (RV), research papers (RP) and case reports (CR) – and whether the frequency has changed over time. The corpus consisted of 76 medical articles published between 1930 and 1999, divided into Block A (1930–1969) and Block B (1970–1999). The results show that: the frequency of AC is significantly greater in ED than in the remaining genres for both blocks, followed by RV, RP and CR; the frequency of AC is significantly higher in Block B than in Block A; and AC has increased over time in all the genres except CR. It is argued that the overall increase in AC frequency can be accounted for by the growth in the number of scientific publications over the last decades, by the scientists’ need to publish, and by the paradigmatic shift from science being assertive to becoming skeptical and probabilistic, based on claim refutability, i.e. on criticism. Cross-generic differences are explained in terms of the communicative function of each genre and of the rank/status power relations that exist between the social role assumed by the authors of the different genres and their audience.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1473-4192.00039
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flextensional Barium Strontium Titanate Actuators (2003)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 86 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: This paper describes the performance of the cymbal flextensional transducer using Dy-doped barium strontium titanate (BST) as the driver material. BST was first characterized for its dielectric and loss behavior as a function of temperature and electrical bias field. With no electrical bias, the transition temperature was measured to be near 20°C and have a dielectric constant 〉20 000. The strain of a BST disk was then measured and compared with other ceramics. At room temperature the strain and average effective piezoelectric d33 of this non-lead composition was slightly larger than Navy type I lead zirconate titanate (PZT-4) ceramic. The strain/field behavior was also measured as a function of temperature. Cymbal capped BST ceramic was found to have an amplified displacement of 28×, also very similar to type I ceramic. The stiffness of BST was found to be tunable by dc voltage and 2 to 3 times larger than that of PZT. This material has promise for applications in actuators and transducers with large generative force.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03400.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Till Death Do Us Part: The Consumptive Victorian Heroine in Popular Romantic Fiction (2003)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Inc
    The @journal of popular culture 37 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-5931
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-5931.00069
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The World Ozymandias Made: Utopias in the Superhero Comic, Subculture, and the Conservation of Difference (2003)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Inc.
    The @journal of popular culture 36 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-5931
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Revolution is the triumph of freedom; its organization is based on spontaneity, not on the dictates of a “hero” who imposes himself through violence. It is a continuous and systematic elevation of a people, following the lines of a hierarchy, and creating for itself one by one the organs that the new social life demands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-5931.00019
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