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  • 2000-2004  (26)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1925-1929
  • 2004  (26)
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  • 2000-2004  (26)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1925-1929
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The JCR:LA-cp rat: A novel model for impaired wound healing (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden , USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 12 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: JCR:LA-cp/cp obese rats and their lean controls were evaluated as a type 2 diabetic wound healing model and the healing quality was characterized. This model of insulin resistance has been used extensively to study atherosclerosis but has not previously been used to study wound healing. Six circular excisional wounds were made on the dorsum of each rat and followed to day 21.Tracings of the wounds were made and used to assess the rate of wound closure. Planimetry showed a significantly diminished contraction of wounds in obese rats, but no significant difference in reepithelialization was observed. Collagen content was determined from the hydroxyproline content in wounded and unwounded skin. There were significantly lower levels of hydroxyproline in the wounds of obese compared to lean animals at day 21. Histology showed adipose tissue in place of dermal tissue in the JCR:LA-cp/cp rat in both unwounded tissue and in the wound at day 21. Active transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was measured in the serum using the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1/luciferase assay and serum total TGF-β was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Active TGF-β was significantly higher in the serum of obese animals compared with lean animals, while total TGF-β1 was not significantly different between the groups. Both active and total TGF-β was measured in tissue sections using the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1/luciferase assay. There was no significant difference in active TGF-β between genotypes, while obese rats had significantly higher levels of total TGF-β at day 21. These results indicate a deficiency in wound healing in obese animals characterized by decreased wound contraction, decreased collagen production, and changes in histology. The JCR:LA-cp rat develops insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and early type 2 diabetes and may be a good model for impairment of wound healing in humans with metabolic syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1067-1927.2004.012115.x-1
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuron-glia communication: metallothionein expression is specifically up-regulated by astrocytes in response to neuronal injury (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 88 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Recent data suggests that metallothioneins (MTs) are major neuroprotective proteins within the CNS. In this regard, we have recently demonstrated that MT-IIA (the major human MT-I/-II isoform) promotes neural recovery following focal cortical brain injury. To further investigate the role of MTs in cortical brain injury, MT-I/-II expression was examined in several different experimental models of cortical neuron injury. While MT-I/-II immunoreactivity was not detectable in the uninjured rat neocortex, by 4 days, following a focal cortical brain injury, MT-I/-II was found in astrocytes aligned along the injury site. At latter time points, astrocytes, at a distance up to several hundred microns from the original injury tract, were MT-I/-II immunoreactive. Induced MT-I/-II was found both within the cell body and processes. Using a cortical neuron/astrocyte co-culture model, we observed a similar MT-I/-II response following in vitro injury. Intriguingly, scratch wound injury in pure astrocyte cultures resulted in no change in MT-I/-II expression. This suggests that MT induction was specifically elicited by neuronal injury. Based upon recent reports indicating that MT-I/-II are major neuroprotective proteins within the brain, our results provide further evidence that MT-I/-II plays an important role in the cellular response to neuronal injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02193.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Annular α-synuclein species from purified multiple system atrophy inclusions (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 90 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Oligodendroglial cytoplasmic inclusions composed of α-synuclein filamentous aggregates are the pathological hallmark of multiple system atrophy (MSA). We found that cortical tissue from MSA cases contains increased detergent-resistant high-molecular-weight α-synuclein species. To analyse these species, we immunopurified α-synuclein aggregates from pathological samples and examined their ultrastructures using scanning electron and atomic force microscopies. Purified aggregates consisted of bundles of filaments. After treatment with 1% sarcosine or 2% 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl) dimethyl-ammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS) detergents, we observed frequent 30–50 nm annular particles, probably released from pathological aggregates due to the dissociation of filaments by the detergents. Antibody recognition imaging using a specific anti-α-synuclein antibody confirmed that the annular structures were positive for α-synuclein. In contrast to pathological α-synuclein, detergent treatment of recombinant α-synuclein yielded only smaller, 10–18 nm spherical particles. Our results demonstrate that detergent treatment of pathological MSA α-synuclein aggregates, but not recombinant α-synuclein, yields discrete α-synuclein-positive species with annular morphologies. The ability of the pathological α-synuclein to form annular aggregates may be an important factor contributing to the toxicity of the protein in disease that may have implications in designing therapeutic strategies aimed at detoxifying α-synuclein aggregates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02533.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Half-lives of docosahexaenoic acid in rat brain phospholipids are prolonged by 15 weeks of nutritional deprivation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 91 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Male rat pups (21 days old) were placed on a diet deficient in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) or on an n-3 PUFA adequate diet containing α-linolenic acid (α-LNA; 18 : 3n-3). After 15 weeks on a diet, [4,5-3H]docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22 : 6n-3) was injected into the right lateral cerebral ventricle, and the rats were killed at fixed times over a period of 60 days. Compared with the adequate diet, 15 weeks of n-3 PUFA deprivation reduced plasma DHA by 89% and brain DHA by 37%; these DHA concentrations did not change thereafter. In the n-3 PUFA adequate rats, DHA loss half-lives, calculated by plotting log10 (DHA radioactivity) against time after tracer injection, equaled 33 days in total brain phospholipid, 23 days in phosphatidylcholine, 32 days in phosphatidylethanolamine, 24 days in phosphatidylinositol and 58 days in phosphatidylserine; all had a decay slope significantly greater than 0 (p 〈 0.05). In the n-3 PUFA deprived rats, these half-lives were prolonged twofold or greater, and calculated rates of DHA loss from brain, Jout, were reduced. Mechanisms must exist in the adult rat brain to minimize DHA metabolic loss, and to do so even more effectively in the face of reduced n-3 PUFA availability for only 15 weeks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02789.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Propulsion Model of Creative Leadership (2004)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    Creativity and innovation management 13 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8691
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-1690.2004.00304.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECTS OF DARK STORAGE TIME AND UV-FILTERED FLUORESCENT LIGHTING DURING DISPLAY ON COLOR STABILITY OF HIGH-OXYGEN MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE PACKAGED GROUND BEEF (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of muscle foods 15 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4573
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Effects of temperature (OC and 4.4C) during dark storage (days 2-9) and display in non-UVand UV-filtered fluorescent lighting on color stability of high-O2 modified atmosphere packaged “case ready” ground beef was evaluated. Minimal shift in headspace O2 and CO2 concentrations occurred during 9 days of storage and display. By day 3, product stored at 4.4C lost redness (Hunter +a) faster than that held at OC. Visual panel ratings for lean color decreased (P 〉 0.05) after 7 days but were not affected by storage temperature. When packages stored 2, 4, or 6 days at OC were displayed in light, Hunter +a values did not decline (P 〈0.05) for the first day and in several instances were maintained for 2 days. Panel evaluations of displayed product substantiated high maintenance of redness of lean color. UV-filtering of fluorescent lighting was not necessary for color stability of ground beef during display.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4573.2004.tb00676.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Loewen, Roydon: Hidden Worlds: Revisiting the Mennonite Migrants of the 1870s : North Newton, Kans., Bethel College, 2001 (2004)
    New York : Cambridge University Press
    Church history 73 (2004), S. 444-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-6407
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: History , Theology and Religious Studies
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0009640700109503
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF BACTERIAL STARTER CULTURES FOR MEAT FERMENTATION (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of muscle foods 15 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4573
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Proteolytic activity of fermented meat starter cultures Pediococcus acidiliactic, Lactobacillus sake, Lactobacillus curvatus, Streptomyces griseus, Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus carnosus was examined after inoculation of sterile beef protein extracts containing 1% dextrose. Analysis for primary amines in extracts generated during fermentation of glucose showed that L. sake had the highest (P〈0.05) proteolytic activity. The other cultures ranked from highest to lowest activity as follows: L. curvatus 〈 S. carnosus 〈 S. griseus 〈 P. acidilactici 〈 S. xylosus. All inoculated extracts showed a pH decline by 96 h to pH 3.76-4.31 whereas the control extract remained at 6.0-5.95. All cultures except S. xylosus had CFU increases within 24 h of inoculation. Only L. sake and S. xylosus had counts less than their initial level after 96 h. The results provide evidence that these commercially available starters for meat fermentation do possess significant proteolytic activity when tested using beef protein extracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4573.2004.tb00677.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binding partners L1 cell adhesion molecule and the ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) proteins are involved in development and the regenerative response to injury of hippocampal and cortical neurons (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 20 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Regeneration of the adult central nervous system may require recapitulation of developmental events and therefore involve the re-expression of developmentally significant proteins. We have investigated whether the L1 cell adhesion molecule, and its binding partner, the ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) proteins are involved in the neuronal regenerative response to injury. Hippocampal and cortical neurons were cultured in vitro on either an L1 substrate or poly-L-lysine, and ERM and other neuronal proteins were localized immunocytochemically both developmentally and following neurite transection of neurons maintained in long-term culture. Activated ERM was localized to growth cones up to 7 days in vitro but relatively mature cultures (21 days in vitro) were devoid of active ERM proteins. However, ERM proteins were localized to the growth cones of sprouting neuronal processes that formed several hours after neurite transection. In addition, the L1 substrate, relative to poly-L-lysine, resulted in significantly longer regenerative neurites, as well as larger growth cones with more filopodia. Furthermore, neurons derived from the cortex formed significantly longer post-injury neurite sprouts at 6 h post-injury than hippocampal derived neurons grown on both substrates. We have demonstrated that L1 and the ERM proteins are involved in the neuronal response to injury, and that neurons derived from the hippocampus and cortex may have different post-injury regenerative neurite sprouting abilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03620.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The adolescent behavioral repertoire as a context for drug exposure: behavioral autarcesis at play (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Addiction 99 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Aims  The aim of this study is to investigate suspected behavioral autarcesis. Autarcesis refers to a mechanism of non-specific shielding from or immunity to infection or disease. Here, suspecting that some facets of the adolescent behavioral repertoire (ABR) might shield youths from early drug involvement, we studied recent-onset occurrence of first chances to try a drug and first actual drug use, expressed as a function of five observed ABR dimensions: religious, socializing, sports-related, gender socialization, and home-based activities.Design and participants  Nationally representative samples of school-attending youths were drawn in Panama, the five Spanish heritage countries of Central America and the Dominican Republic (n = 12 797).Measurements  Drug involvement and ABR were assessed via anonymous self-administered questionnaires.Findings  A religious activity dimension and a separate sports dimension were associated inversely with recent onset of adolescent drug experiences, and a socializing activity dimension was related to an increased occurrence of these experiences. For example, for each unit increase of the religious activity dimension of the ABR, there was an associated reduced occurrence of the first chance to try tobacco (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.63–0.90, P = 0.002). Adolescents at higher levels of sports activities and home-based activities were less likely to experience recent-onset actual use of marijuana (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.30–0.67, P 〈 0.001; OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.32–0.99, P = 0.048, respectively).Conclusions  The study evidence lends some support for behavioral autarcesis. Manipulation of selected ABR dimensions might help prevent or reduce adolescent drug involvement, enhancing autarcesis as a protective mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00774.x
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