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  • 2020-2024
  • 1990-1994  (19)
  • Chemical Engineering  (12)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (5)
  • Engineering  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 31 (1991), S. 333-352 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The dynamic behavior of two continuous stirred tank reactors in series has been investigated for free radical solution polymerization of styrene with a binary mixture of two initiators having different thermal decomposition activities. For a wide range of initiator feed composition, both reactors exhibit quite complex nonlinear steady state and transient behavior. When the reactor residence time is used as a bifurcation parameter, the second reactor can have up to five steady states. For certain range of reactor operating conditions, bifurcations to various types of periodic solutions have been observed, such as Hopf bifurcation, isolas, period doubling, period-doubling cascade, and homoclinics. The effects of other reactor variables, such as total initiator concentration, coolant temperature, and reactor volume ratio on the reactor dynamics, are illustrated to show the complex dynamic behavior of the two-reactor system catalyzed by a mixture of t-butyl perbenzoate and benzoyl peroxide.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The dynamic behavior of the solution polymerization of styrene in a continuous stirred tank reactor is analyzed with a mixture of tert-butyl perbenzoate and benzoyl peroxide as an initiator system. In the modeling of the reactor, a viscosity dependent reactor wall heat transfer coefficient is used to account for the changing heat transfer efficiency as monomer conversion and polymer molecular weight increase. The steady state and bifurcation behaviors have been investigated with the reactor residence time, initiator feed composition, initiator concentration, feed solvent volume fraction, and coolant temperature as bifurcation parameters. Unlike the reactors with constant heat transfer coefficient, the present system exhibits relatively simple steady state and dynamic bifurcation behaviors. Oscillatory behavior is observed only when the solvent volume fraction in the feed exceeds 0.2. The dynamic simulation of the reactor also indicates that a feedback temperature controller may fail to maintain the reactor temperature when the heat transfer coefficient changes as a result of process disturbances.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 30 (1990), S. 279-290 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The steady state and dynamic behavior of a continuous stirred tank reactor has been analyzed for free radical solution polymerization of styrene initiated by a mixture of two initiators having different thermal stabilities. From the steady state analysis of the reactor model with a mean residence time as a bifurcation parameter, four unique regions of steady state solutions are identified in an operating parameter space for a given initiator feed composition. A variety of complex bifurcation behavior such as multiple steady states, Hopf bifurcation and limit cycles have been observed and their stability characteristics have been analyzed. The effects of feed initiator composition and the concentration of the initiator in the feed stream on the reactor dynamics are also presented.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: serine protease ; MNDO Hamiltonian ; SCF charges ; energy minimization ; dissociation constant ; inhibitor design ; catalytic mechanism ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A step leading to the formation of the covalent complexes between porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) and 7-[(alkylcarbamoyl)amino]-4-chloro-3-ethoxyisocoumarins (alkylHNCO-EICs) is the formation of the non-covalent Michaelis complex. No average structures are available for the Michaelis complexes of PPE with alkylHNCO-EICs. We present the results of an initial step in obtaining these structures and have determined kinetic constants as well. The kinetic results indicate that formation of the Michaelis complex is what differentiates the effectiveness of these inhibitors in inactivating PPE. The structural and kinetic results together suggest that the structure of the Michaelis complex is necessary for the design of potent alkylHNCO-EIC inhibitors of PPE. Two novel alkylHNCO-EICs are predicted to be the best inhibitors of this series. An alternate mechanism for serine protease inhibition is also proposed. Evidence for, and studies that may add support to, the hypothesized mechanism are discussed. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 38 (1992), S. 1671-1674 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 41 (1993), S. 104-110 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: baculovirus ; insect cell culture ; cell death ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The death process of baculovirus-infected insect cells was divided into two phases: a constant viability (or delay) phase characterized by a delay time (td) and a first-order death phase characterized by a half-life (t1/2). These two parameters were used in conjunction with the n-target theory to classify the kinetics of cell death under various conditions, including different multiplicity of infection (MOI), host cell lines, virus types, incubation volumes, cell density and extracellular L(+)-lactate and ammonium concentrations. Two groups of kinetic effects were found: one characterized by a constant number of hypothetical targets and the other by decreased numbers of hypothetical targets. The first group includes effects such as MOI, virus types, and host cell lines. The second includes the effects of environmental perturbations, such as incubation volume, cell density, and extracellular concentrations of L(+)-lactate and ammonium. Although the underlying mechanisms of these effects are as yet unknown, the death kinetics of infected cells significantly affects the recombinant protein production. In general, foreign protein production does not correlate with the cell life after infection © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 41 (1993), S. 593-598 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: transcription ; translation ; mathematical model ; protein synthesis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mathematical model which simulates the dynamic behavior of the hepatocytes cultured in a collagen sandwich is presented. Using several independently determined experimental parameters (e.g., albumin gene nuclear runoff activity, the level of albumin mRNA, and the albumin secretion rate), we have used this model to calculate the in vivo albumin gene transcriptional rate (0.27 molecules per second per hepatocyte), the half-life of albumin mRNA (3.3 days) in cultured hepatocytes, and the albumin polypeptide elongation rate (10 amino acids per second). In addition, the characteristic time constants for the transient increases in transcription (5 days) and in translation (10 days) were also obtained. These bestfit parameters were used to predict the rate of albumin secretion in rescued hepatocytes. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 1757-1760 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 41 (1993), S. 1121-1128 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: flux control coefficient ; metabolic control analysis ; enzyme kinetics ; glycolysis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Determination of the control coefficients allows the identification of rate-controlling steps in a reaction system. However, the measurement of the flux control coefficients in a biochemical system is not a trivial task, except for some special cases. We have developed a theoretical basis for the direct determination of these coefficients from dynamic responses. In order to show the validity of this methodology experimentally, the dynamic approach is applied to an in vitro reconstituted partial glycolytic pathway to determine the flux control coefficients of hexokinase and phosphofructokinase. It is shown that the dynamic approach gives consistent results, which agree well with values obtained by the direct enzyme titration method. The detailed procedure and potential applications to other systems, such as immobilized enzyme or cell reactors, are discussed. © 1993 Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 33 (1993), S. 1177-1188 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Resin flow and fiber spreading during the prepregging process were investigated experimentally using a scale-down version of a commercial hot-melt prepregger with bismaleimides and carbon fibers as model systems. Specifically, several dimensionless parameters such as the Prepreg Flow Number, fractional resin uptake, resin distribution function, fractional width change, and prepregging efficiency were defined to characterize the prepregging process as well as the quality of the prepreg. Fiber spreading during the prepregging process was observed to be a viscoelastic phenomenon depending on the impregnation temperature. For resin impregnation into collimated fiber tows, all the experimental data points obtained at different operating conditions were superimposed onto a single line showing a temperature-pressure-velocity superposition for the prepregging process as predicted by the definition of the Prepreg Flow Number (PFN). Finally, three fundamental steps of the prepregging process were identified and confirmed with cross-sectional micrographs of unaged prepregs produced at different temperatures.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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