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  • 2015-2019  (7)
  • 2010-2014  (6)
  • 2005-2009  (58)
  • 1880-1889  (201)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TAT-GDNF in Neurodegeneration and Ischemic Stroke (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    CNS drug reviews 11 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1527-3458
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The delivery of proteins across the blood-brain barrier is severely limited by their size and biochemical properties. Numerous peptides have been characterized in recent years that prevent neuronal death in vitro, but cannot be used therapeutically, since they do not cross cell membrane barriers. It has been shown in the 1990s that the HIV TAT protein is able to cross cell membranes even when coupled with larger peptides. It appears, therefore, that TAT fusion proteins may enter the brain, even when used systemically. Indeed, the systemic delivery of a TAT protein linked with glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) successfully transduced central nervous system (CNS) neurons in mice. When administered after optic nerve transection and focal cerebral ischemia, TAT-GDNF protected retinal ganglion cells and brain neurons from cell death, elevated tissue Bcl-XL levels and attenuated the activity of the executioner caspase-3. These findings demonstrate the in vivo efficacy of fusion proteins in clinically relevant disease models, raising hopes that neuroprotection may become eventually feasible in human patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-3458.2005.tb00054.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extreme right-wing voting in Germany in a multilevel perspective: A rejoinder to Lubbers and Scheepers (2005)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    European journal of political research 44 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-6765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Political Science
    Notes: Abstract.  In their article about individual and contextual characteristics of the German extreme right-wing vote in the 1990s, Lubbers and Scheepers (‘Individual and contextual characteristics of the German extreme right-wing vote in the 1990s: A test of complementary theories’, European Journal of Political Research 38 (2000): 63–94) found a contra- intuitive significant negative relationship between unemployment rate and an individual's likelihood of voting for the right-wing extremist Republikaner Party. The purpose of this article is to shed light on the reasons for this puzzling result. To capture contextual information resembling the individual's life sphere as close as possible, we use data that allow us to include the districts as an additional level between the individual and the state in our multilevel analyses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2005.00226.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amyloid beta peptide 1–40 enhances the action of Toll-like receptor-2 and -4 agonists but antagonizes Toll-like receptor-9-induced inflammation in primary mouse microglial cell cultures (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 94 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The interaction of endogenous and exogenous stimulators of innate immunity was examined in primary cultures of mouse microglial cells and macrophages after application of defined Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists [lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (TLR4), the synthetic lipopeptide Pam3Cys-Ser-Lys4 (Pam3Cys) (TLR2) and single-stranded unmethylated CpG-DNA (CpG) (TLR9)] alone and in combination with amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) 1–40. Abeta 1–40 stimulated microglial cells and macrophages primed by interferon-γ in a dose-dependent manner. Co-administration of Abeta1–40 with LPS or Pam3Cys led to an additive release of nitric oxide (NO) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). This may be one reason for the clinical deterioration frequently observed in patients with Alzheimer's disease during infections. In contrast, co-application of Abeta1–40 with CpG led to a substantial decrease of NO and TNF- α release compared with stimulation with CpG alone. Abeta 1–40 and CpG did not co-localize within the same subcellular compartment, making a direct physicochemical interaction as the cause of the observed antagonism very unlikely. This suggests that not all TLR agonists enhance the stimulatory effect of Abeta on innate immunity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03188.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In-Situ CO2-Absorption in a Dual Fluidized Bed Biomass Steam Gasifier to Produce a Hydrogen Rich Syngas (2007)
    Berkeley, Calif. : Berkeley Electronic Press (now: De Gruyter)
    International journal of chemical reactor engineering 5.2007, 1, A9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1542-6580
    Source: Berkeley Electronic Press Academic Journals
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Within the last years renewable energy sources came more and more into the public focus. Steam gasification of solid biomass yields high quality producer gases that can be used for efficient combined heat and power production (CHP) and as a renewable resource for chemical syntheses. The dual fluidized bed steam gasification technology provides the necessary heat for steam gasification by circulating hot bed material that is heated in a second fluidized bed reactor by combustion of residual biomass char. The hydrogen content in producer gas of such gasifiers is about 40vol% (dry basis). Addition of carbonates to the bed material and adequate adjustment of operation conditions in the reactors allow selective transport of CO2 from gasification to combustion zone (Absorption Enhanced Reforming - AER concept). An 8MW (fuel power) CHP plant successfully demonstrates gasification in Guessing, Austria since 2002. A process development unit (100 kW fuel power) has been recently operated to investigate the potential of the selective CO2 transport achieving a H2 content of up to 75vol% (dry basis) in the producer gas. No significant increase in tar formation occurs despite the low gasification temperatures (600-700°C). It can be shown, that the selective transport of CO2 yields high hydrogen contents in the producer gas and the possibility of operating at lower temperatures increases the efficiency of energy conversion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.bepress.com/ijcre/vol5/A9
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluidized Bed Steam Gasification of Solid Biomass - Performance Characteristics of an 8 MWth Combined Heat and Power Plant (2007)
    Berkeley, Calif. : Berkeley Electronic Press (now: De Gruyter)
    International journal of chemical reactor engineering 5.2007, 1, A54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1542-6580
    Source: Berkeley Electronic Press Academic Journals
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The work focuses on a dual fluidized bed gasification technology that is successfully operated for combined heat and power production at a scale of 8 MWth in Guessing/Austria since 2002. The reactor concept consists of a circulating fluidized bed system with a steam-fluidized bubbling bed integrated into the solids return loop. Accompanying the operation of the commercial scale plant, parameter models have been developed and validated by comparison to measured data. As the models naturally fulfill mass and energy balances, the simulation also allows the validation of measurement data. The behaviour of the plant is studied by carrying out variations of selected parameters. Evaluation of different plant operation cases yields correlations between process variables. The solids circulation rate is shown versus riser exit velocity. Fuel water content and gasification temperature significantly influence global plant performance. Simulation predicts the efficiency of the existing power plant in optimized operation. Finally, part load behaviour is investigated and performance maps of the CHP plant are presented. High fuel water content at high gas engine load results in high gas velocities in the riser (erosion limit) and higher heat ratio in the produced energy. It is concluded that CHP-concepts based on fluidized bed steam gasification can reach high electric efficiencies and high overall fuel utilization rates even at small plant capacities of about 10 MWth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.bepress.com/ijcre/vol5/A54
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluid-Dynamic Investigations in a Scaled Cold Model for a Dual Fluidized Bed Biomass Steam Gasification Process: Solid Flux Measurements and Optimization of the Cyclone (2007)
    Berkeley, Calif. : Berkeley Electronic Press (now: De Gruyter)
    International journal of chemical reactor engineering 5.2007, 1, A31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1542-6580
    Source: Berkeley Electronic Press Academic Journals
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Gasification of biomass is an attractive technology for combined heat and power (CHP) production. A dual fluidized bed steam gasifier is in commercial operation at the biomass CHP plant in Guessing/Austria since 2002. For circulating fluidized bed applications the bed material consumption is economically crucial. Thus, cyclones for circulating fluidized beds need to be designed properly. Some erosion and caking in the cyclone of the gasifier could be observed with increasing hours of operation. The influences of these effects as well as the influence of the solid circulation rate between the two units on the separation efficiency were investigated by fluid-dynamic investigations using a scaled cold model. The results show that due to erosion and caking elutriation rates are increased, especially for smaller particles. However, the cyclone achieves fractional separation efficiencies of more than 99.9%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.bepress.com/ijcre/vol5/A31
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coordinating Service-Sensitive Demand and Capacity by Adaptive Decision Making: An Application of Case-Based Decision Theory (2005)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA . : Decision Sciences
    Decision sciences 36 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The subject of this article is the simultaneous choice of product price and manufacturing capacity if demand is stochastic and service-level sensitive. In this setting, capacity as well as price have an impact on demand because several aspects of service level depend on capacity. For example, delivery time will be reduced if capacity is increased given a constant demand rate. We illustrate the relationship between service level, capacity, and demand reaction by a stylized application problem from the after-sales services industry.The reaction of customers to variations in service level and price is represented by a kinked price-demand-rate function. We first derive the optimal price-capacity combination for the resulting decision problem under full information. Subsequently, we focus on a decision maker (DM) who lacks complete knowledge of the demand function. Hence the DM is unable to anticipate the service level and consequently cannot identify the optimal solution. However, the DM will acquire additional information during the sales process and use it in subsequent revisions of the price-capacity decision. Thus, this decision making is adaptive and based on experience. In contrast to the literature, which assumes certain repetitive procedures somewhat ad hoc, we develop an adaptive decision process based on case-based decision theory (CBDT) for the price-capacity problem. Finally, we show that a CBDT DM in our setting eventually finds the optimal solution, if the DM sets the price based on absorption costs and adequately adjusts the capacity with respect to the observed demand.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.2005.00064.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptation and stability analysis of sweet potato varieties for low-input systems in Uganda (2005)
    Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Plant breeding 124 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Sixteen sweet potato varieties were evaluated for fresh storage root yield in 20 trials during 2000–2001 for three seasons in four locations in Uganda. Of the 16 varieties, 11 were developed by farmers and five by a central breeding programme. The behaviour of the varieties was quantified in terms of wide adaptation (genotypic mean across trials), specific adaptation (genotypic predictions for specific locations) and stability (Shukla stability variance). With respect to all three aspects of yield behaviour, farmer varieties performed on average better than the official varieties. The results illustrate the potential that farmer varieties can have in the improvement of sweet potato in Uganda and other regions where high diversity of sweet potato landraces exists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2005.01149.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BRAINSTEM CIRCUITS REGULATING GASTRIC FUNCTION (2006)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Physiology 68 (2006), S. 279-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4278
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Biology
    Notes: Brainstem parasympathetic circuits that modulate digestive functions of the stomach are comprised of afferent vagal fibers, neurons of the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), and the efferent fibers originating in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV). A large body of evidence has shown that neuronal communications between the NTS and the DMV are plastic and are regulated by the presence of a variety of neurotransmitters and circulating hormones as well as the presence, or absence, of afferent input to the NTS. These data suggest that descending central nervous system inputs as well as hormonal and afferent feedback resulting from the digestive process can powerfully regulate vago-vagal reflex sensitivity. This paper first reviews the essential "static" organization and function of vago-vagal gastric control neurocircuitry. We then present data on the opioidergic modulation of NTS connections with the DMV as an example of the "gating" of these reflexes, i.e., how neurotransmitters, hormones, and vagal afferent traffic can make an otherwise static autonomic reflex highly plastic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physiol.68.040504.094635
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    sgk1, a member of an RNA cluster associated with cell death in a model of Parkinson's disease (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In an effort to gain deeper insight into the molecular processes underlying neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease, we performed gene expression profiling at several early time points after MPTP-injection into old (1-year) mice. We used a PCR-based gene expression profiling method, digital expression pattern display (DEPD), a method of very high sensitivity and reproducibility, which displays almost all transcripts of a tissue. To identify cell death-associated genes, we defined clusters of differentially expressed transcripts with expression behaviour that correlated with the temporal profile of cell death progression and characterized one of these cell death clusters further. We selected one of the strongest regulated genes, the serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (sgk1), and validated its differential expression by Northern blot analysis, semiquantitative PCR and in situ hybridization. Up-regulation of sgk1 (i) coincides with the onset of dopaminergic cell death in both the 8-week acute and 1-year subacute MPTP models, (ii) spans the entire brain, (iii) is attenuated by the l-deprenyl-mediated inhibition of the MPTP conversion to its active metabolite MPP+ and (iv) is not induced by dehydration. This study demonstrated that the combination of the DEPD technology, clustering analysis and a detailed histopathology is a useful tool for elucidating molecular pathways in neurodegenerative diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.03859.x
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