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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genomic Organization and Regulation of the Human Interleukin-18 Gene (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 52 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The human interleukin(IL)-18 is a key regulator of interferon(IFN)-γ production and T-cell differentiation. Here we report the complete genomic structure and characterization of the 5′untranslated promoter region of the human IL-18 gene. The gene is composed of six exons and five introns, spanning approximately 19.5kb. Promoter activity of the 5′-flanking region was investigated with a luciferase reporter gene assay. Transient transfection studies demonstrate a constitutive expression of the IL-18 gene in monocytic U937 and THP-1 cells. For this constitutive expression at least 92 base pairs of the promoter region are essential as shown by consecutive 5′ promoter deletions in both cell types. DNA protein binding experiments revealed specific binding of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription factor-5 (STAT5) but not of STAT3 to three consensus sequences upstream in the promoter region. Cotransfection of STAT5 resulted in increased induction of the IL-18 promoter in the U937 and THP-1 cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.2000.00836.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time course of antibody response to recombinant Aspergillus fumigatus antigens in cystic fibrosis with and without ABPA (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 16 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We determined follow-up levels of specific serum IgE to the recombinant Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) allergens rAsp f 1, 3, 4 and 6 in patients suffering from cystic fibrosis (CF) with and without allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). Over a 32-month period follow-up data of 74 patients were collected. According to serology, 11 CF patients were not sensitized (CF controls), 40 were sensitized to A. fumigatus (Asp. f-sens.) and 23 patients fulfilled the serologic criteria for ABPA. Of these 23 ABPA patients 11 expressed the full clinical ABPA picture (classicABPA) and 12 failed to show sufficient relevant clinical signs (seroABPA), despite positive serology. The 23 ABPA patients had 16–18 times higher serum levels of specific IgE to rAsp f 4 and/or rAsp f 6 than those of Asp. f-sens. patients (rAsp f 4: 31.3 ± 45 EU/ml vs. 1.9 ± 2.2 EU/ml and rAsp f 6: 39.0 ± 44.3 EU/ml vs 2.1 ± 1.7 EU/ml). The combination of increased total serum IgE (〉1000 IU/l) and increased specific IgE to rAsp f 4 and/or rAsp f 6 allowed to diagnose classicABPA with 100% specificity and 64% sensitivity and with a high predicted positive (100%) and a high predicted negative (94%) value. During a combined treatment (seven patients) with oral corticosteroid and itraconazole, itraconazole alone (two patients) or neither oral corticosteroid nor itraconazole therapy (two patients) total serum IgE and specific IgE to rAsp f 4 and/or rAsp f 6 did decrease but did not normalize. Over the observation period, lung function remained unchanged, independent of whether oral steroids and/or concomitant itraconazole were either given or not given. In the follow-up of CF patients with ABPA under therapy the determination of total or specific IgE serum levels were of limited value to guide therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.2005.00262.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral and skin keratinocytes are stimulated to secrete monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 by tumour necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 29 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a member of the CC subfamily of chemokines. It is chemoattractant for monocytes, activated memory T cells and dendritic cells. We studied MCP-1 mRNA and protein production in cultured human oral keratinocytes (OK) and skin keratinocytes (SK). MCP-1 production was undetectable in resting keratinocytes. However, stimulation with tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) or interferon-γ (IFN-γ) induced MCP-1 mRNA and protein synthesis in both cell types. Together, TNF-α and IFN-γ acted synergistically to increase MCP-1 production. In each case MCP-1 production was greater for SK than OK. The kinetics of IFN-γ-induced MCP-1 production were similar for both cell types, peaking around 72 h. In contrast, TNF-α induced a more rapid increase in MCP-1 production by SK than OK, peak production occurring after 24 and 72 h, respectively. IL-1α and IL-4 did not induce MCP-1 production. However, in combination with IFN-γ, they induced a small extra increase in MCP-1 production in SK but not OK.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0714.2000.290904.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Appropriate length of extended day care (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of health care quality assurance 17 (2004), S. 81-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0952-6862
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Economics
    Notes: Extended day care (EDC) is a one-day admission spending one night in hospital. Many EDC patients do not need hospital care over night, so probably they could be transferred to a day surgery setting, resulting in decreased costs and increased efficiency. The objectives of the study were to assess the appropriate length of extended day care (ALED) and a possible transfer to day surgery. ALED was defined as the time between the start of the surgical procedure and the final moment appropriate hospital care was provided. About 80 per cent of the patients could possibly have been treated in day surgery. The other patients could not be transferred, because of a prolonged ALED. With the implementation of new policies on admission to and discharge from the hospital and the use of altered types of operation room scheduling or patient logistics the transfer of most EDC patients to day surgery would be possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09526860410526691
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impact of hospital discharge on inappropriate hospital stay (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of health care quality assurance 17 (2004), S. 189-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 0952-6862
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Economics
    Notes: Appropriate hospital stay should be effective, efficient and tailored to patient needs. Previous studies have found that on average 20 per cent of hospital stay is inappropriate. Within obstetrics, inappropriate hospital stay consists mostly of delays in hospital discharge. The specific goals of this study were to reduce inappropriate hospital stay by fine-tuning patient logistics, increasing efficiency and providing more comfortable surroundings. New policies using strict discharge criteria were implemented. Total inappropriate hospital stay decreased from 13.3 to 7.2 per cent. The delay in discharge procedures halved. P-charts showed a decrease in inappropriate hospital stay, indicating the current process to be stable. Concludes that a significant reduction in inappropriate hospital stay was found following the implementation of innovative hospital discharge policies, indicating greater efficiency and accessibility of hospital services.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09526860410541504
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic dissection and prognostic modeling of overt stroke in sickle cell anemia (2005)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 37 (2005), S. 435-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a paradigmatic single gene disorder caused by homozygosity with respect to a unique mutation at the β-globin locus. SCA is phenotypically complex, with different clinical courses ranging from early childhood mortality to a virtually unrecognized condition. Overt ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1533
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frontal brain activation in anxious school children (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Publishers
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 43 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Background: An atypical EEG pattern of frontal brain activation has been found in infants and adults with emotional disorders. Eighty-two 8-year-old children and 56 11-year-old children were examined with regard to the following questions: 1. Do children who are diagnosed with anxiety disorder exhibit an atypical pattern of frontal brain activation? 2. Can this pattern be demonstrated in children of different ages? and 3. Are there gender differences in these patterns similar to those that have been demonstrated in adults? Baseline EEG activity was subjected to power spectral analysis. Results: In 8- and 11-year-old anxious girls, the well-known pattern of greater right than left frontal activation emerged that has been found previously in internalizing preschoolers. Healthy girls showed no frontal asymmetry at 8 years of age, and a greater left than right frontal brain activation at 11 years. In contrast, healthy boys demonstrated a significantly greater right than left frontal activation, whereas anxious boys displayed no frontal asymmetry at the age of 8, and a greater left than right frontal activation at the age of 11. Conclusions: Children suffering from anxiety disorders exhibited a significantly different pattern of frontal brain activation than healthy children without any lifetime diagnosis of mental disorder. Distinct gender differences in frontal activation were found in anxious as well as in healthy children. This could be demonstrated in two samples of different ages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00019
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Practitioner Review: Preconditions and Outcome of Inpatient Treatment in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (2000)
    Oxford UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 41 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Inpatient care is expensive and should ideally be provided for children and adolescents with the most serious psychiatric disorders. However, only little is known about inpatient treatment, e.g. the factors influencing hospital admission, the content of care in the hospital, the appropriate norms for the duration of inpatient stays, the inpatient arrangements that result in the best outcomes, or connection with necessary aftercare services. There are many methodological problems with existing research. However, it can cautiously be concluded that psychiatric hospitalisation of children and adolescents is often beneficial, particularly if special aspects of treatment are fulfilled (e.g. good therapeutic alliance, treatment with a cognitive-based problem-solving skills training package, or planned discharge) and aftercare services are available. The continuum-of-care model is promising because it provides opportunities to achieve better integration between inpatient interventions and aftercare services.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00658
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Legal confusion over 'cloning' risks throwing baby out with bathwater (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 407 (2000), S. 559-559 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Sir The UK Chief Medical Officer has supported the recommendation that the 1990 Human Fertilisation and Embryology (HFE) Act should be amended to allow therapeutic cloning of humans, for research purposes only. He also recommends: “The transfer of an embryo created by ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35036747
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential modulation of endotoxin responsiveness by human caspase-12 polymorphisms (2004)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 429 (2004), S. 75-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Caspases mediate essential key proteolytic events in inflammatory cascades and the apoptotic cell death pathway. Human caspases functionally segregate into two distinct subfamilies: those involved in cytokine maturation (caspase-1, -4 and -5) and those involved in cellular apoptosis (caspase-2, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02451
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