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  • 2005-2009  (9)
  • 2000-2004  (16)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of findings at defecography in patients with genital prolapse (2005)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 112 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective  Defecography may be useful in pre-operative assessment of patients with genital prolapse. Defecography is an invasive and embarrassing procedure for patients and little effort has been made to optimalise selection criteria for defecography. This study investigated whether discrimination of high and low probability of abnormal defecography is possible based on the quantified findings from patient history, pelvic examination and a validated questionnaire.Design  Prospective observational study.Setting  Three teaching hospitals in The Netherlands.Population  Eighty-two patients undergoing surgical correction of uterine prolapse Stages 2–4.Methods  A history and pelvic examination were obtained from all patients. A validated questionnaire was used to assess the presence of defecation and micturition symptoms. Using multivariate logistic regression analyses with receiver operating characteristic curves, a diagnostic model to predict the presence of an abnormal defecography was systematically constructed and validated.Main outcome measure  Presence of abnormal finding at defecography.Results  The most important predictors for abnormal defecography were prolapse of the posterior vaginal wall, history of abdominal or pelvic surgery and the presence of constipation. With these variables, a prediction rule could be constructed which predicted the prevalence of an abnormal defecography (area under curve = 0.73; 95% CI 0.61–0.83).Conclusions  This study shows that a diagnostic model based on findings obtained from a non-invasive workup can accurately predict the presence of an abnormal defecography. Such a model provides the possibility to tailor the request for defecography to the individual patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2005.00734.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pre-operative assessment of the adnexal mass: the accuracy of clinical estimates versus clinical prediction rules (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 110 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To evaluate the reproducibility of the clinical judgement of gynaecologists, gynaecologists in training and gynaecologic oncologists and to compare the predictive performance of the offhand assessment with the predictive performance of existing mathematical models for the pre-operative assessment of the adnexal mass.Design Questionnaire with paper cases of women operated on for an adnexal mass.Setting Gynaecological unit in a teaching hospital in the South of The Netherlands.Population Women who underwent surgery for adnexal mass between January 1991 and December 1998.Methods We offered 45 gynaecologists five different sets of 34 cases, with data on female age and menopausal status, a written description of the sonography, Doppler flow measurement and serum CA125 measurement. Nine observers for every set were asked to estimate the probability of malignancy.Main outcome measures The reproducibility of the risk estimates as made by the participants was expressed with an intraclass correlation coefficients. The accuracy of the judgement of the clinicians and the result of mathematical models in the prediction of malignancy were expressed with sensitivity, specificity, and receiver-operating characteristic curves.Results Neither clinically relevant nor statistically significant differences could be found between the accuracy of the risk assessments made by the clinicians and the accuracy of the risk assessments made by prediction models.Conclusion This study demonstrates that at this moment there is no need to introduce complicated predictive scoring systems such as neural networks or logistic regression models for the pre-operative assessment of the adnexal masses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-0528.2003.02361.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The contribution of hysterectomy to the occurrence of urge and stress urinary incontinence symptoms (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 109 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To study the contribution of hysterectomy to the occurrence of urge-or stress urinary incontinence symptomsDesign A population-based, cross-sectional cohort study conducted in 1999Setting A university medical centre in The NetherlandsPopulation Random sample of 2322 women, between 35 and 70 years of age, from a suburban area in the central part of The NetherlandsMethods Self-report questionnaire with questions from the Urogenital Distress Inventory, sociodemographic variables and data on obstetric and gynaecological historyMain outcome measures Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios with 95% confidence interval of the type and bothersomeness of urinary incontinence for hysterectomyResults One thousand, six hundred and twenty-six women (70%) responded. The adjusted odds of urge (1.9, 1.4;2.6) and bothersome urge (2.6, 1.4;4.4) urinary incontinence were increased for women who had a hysterectomy. This association was not limited to the elderly but also occurred in women under 60 years of age. No increased odds of stress or bothersome stress incontinence were foundConclusions Meta-analysis has shown that hysterectomy increases the odds of urinary incontinence by 30%. However, a distinction between the different types of urinary incontinence symptoms has not been made. Such a distinction is of importance since urge incontinence gives a significantly greater reduction in health-related quality of life as compared with stress incontinence. Therefore, our finding that women scheduled for hysterectomy have an increased risk of developing urge incontinence symptoms indicates that these women should be counselled about this particular consequence
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2002.01332.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monte Carlo Prediction of Non-Newtonian Viscous Sintering: Experimental Validation for the Two-Glass-Cylinder System (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: From the Monte Carlo methodology based on a non-discrete potential and developed to model capillary-driven mass transport, a relation between the Monte Carlo step and the physical time has been defined as a function of the viscosity coefficient. The experimental kinetics of the shortening of a unique glass cylinder and the sintering of two-glass cylinders at 950°C then have been compared with the numerically obtained results. The original result indicates that the active sintering mechanism for a glass under the given sintering conditions is not Newtonian viscous flow alone, a finding that corresponds perfectly well with the Monte Carlo simulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00413.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insights from Mouse Models into the Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration (2000)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Physiology 62 (2000), S. 779-802 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4278
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Biology
    Notes: Abstract Thanks largely to cloning the genes for several neurodegenerative diseases over the past decade and the existence of mouse mutants, the molecular basis of neurodegeneration is finally beginning to yield some of its secrets. We discuss what has been learned about the pathogenesis of "triplet repeat" diseases through mouse models for spinocerebellar ataxia types 1 and 3 and Huntington disease, including the roles of nuclear aggregates and protein cleavage. We also discuss the neurologic phenotypes that arise from mutations in neurotransmitter receptors (lurcher mice) and ion channels (weaver, leaner, and tottering mice), drawing parallels between ischemic cell death and the neurodegeneration that occurs in the lurcher mouse. Finally, we discuss common mechanisms of cell death and lessons learned from these mouse models that might have broader relevance to other neurologic disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physiol.62.1.779
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LARGE-SCALE GENOMIC APPROACHES TO BRAIN DEVELOPMENT AND CIRCUITRY (2005)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Neuroscience 28 (2005), S. 89-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0147-006X
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Over the past two decades, molecular genetic studies have enabled a common conceptual framework for the development and basic function of the nervous system. These studies, and the pioneering efforts of mouse geneticists and neuroscientists to identify and clone genes for spontaneous mouse mutants, have provided a paradigm for understanding complex processes of the vertebrate brain. Gene cloning for human brain malformations and degenerative disorders identified other important central nervous system (CNS) genes. However, because many debilitating human disorders are genetically complex, phenotypic screens are difficult to design. This difficulty has led to large-scale, genomic approaches to discover genes that are uniquely expressed in brain circuits and regions that control complex behaviors. In this review, we summarize current phenotype- and genotype-driven approaches to discover novel CNS-expressed genes, as well as current approaches to carry out large-scale, gene-expression screens in the CNS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.26.041002.131436
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PRECISION MEASUREMENTS OF THE W BOSON MASS (2000)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 50 (2000), S. 207-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0163-8998
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The standard model of electroweak interactions has had great success in describing the observed data over the past three decades. The precision of experimental measurements affords tests of the standard model at the quantum loop level beyond leading order. Despite this success, it is important to continue confronting experimental measurements with the standard model's predictions because any deviation would signal new physics. As a fundamental parameter of the standard model, the mass of the W boson, MW, is of particular importance. Aside from being an important test of the model itself, a precision measurement of MW can be used to constrain the mass of the Higgs boson, MH. In this article, we review the principal experimental techniques for determining MW and discuss their combination into a single precision MW measurement. We conclude by briefly discussing future prospects for precision measurements of the W boson mass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nucl.50.1.207
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beyond Sweatshops: Employment, Labor Market Security and Global Inequality (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd/Inc.
    Antipode 36 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8330
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8330.2004.00403.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A randomised controlled trial comparing abdominal and vaginal prolapse surgery: effects on urogenital function (2004)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 111 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective  To compare the effects of vaginal hysterectomy (combined with anterior and/or posterior colporraphy) and abdominal sacro-colpopexy (with preservation of the uterus) on urogenital function.Design  Randomised trial.Setting  Three teaching hospitals in The Netherlands.Population  Eighty-two patients undergoing surgical correction of uterine prolapse stages II–IV.Methods  Participating patients completed the urogenital distress inventory (UDI), before and at six weeks, six months and one year after surgery, to measure discomfort of prolapse and micturition symptoms. Domain scores of the UDI (ranging from 0 to 100, higher scores indicating more discomfort) were compared between groups at all time points. Findings at pelvic examination, number of doctor visits within the first year after surgery because of pelvic floor symptoms and performed or planned surgery of recurrent genital prolapse were also compared.Main outcome measure  Domain scores of the UDI at one year after surgery.Results  At one year after surgery, scores on the discomfort/pain domain (mean difference 7.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–13.2), overactive bladder domain (mean difference 8.7, 95% CI 0.5–16.9) and obstructive micturition domain (mean difference 10.3, 95% CI 0.6–20.1) of the UDI were significantly higher in the abdominal group than in the vaginal group. Findings at pelvic examination were similar in both groups. Doctor visits because of pelvic floor symptoms were more frequent in the abdominal group than in the vaginal group. Re-operation was performed or planned in 9 of the 41 patients who underwent abdominal surgery and in 1 of the 41 patients who underwent vaginal surgery (odds ratio [OR] = 11.2, 95% CI 1.4–90.0).Conclusions  Our findings suggest that vaginal hysterectomy with anterior and/or posterior colporraphy is preferable to abdominal sacro-colpopexy with preservation of the uterus as surgical correction in patients with uterine prolapse stages II–IV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00001.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Randomised controlled trial of bipolar radio-frequency endometrial ablation and balloon endometrial ablation (2004)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 111 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective  To compare the effectiveness of two second-generation ablation techniques, bipolar radio-frequency impedance-controlled endometrial ablation (NovaSure) and balloon ablation (ThermaChoice), in the treatment of menorrhagia.Design  Double-blind, randomised, controlled trial.Setting  A large teaching hospital with 500 beds in The Netherlands.Population  Women suffering from menorrhagia referred by their general practitioner.Methods  Women suffering from menorrhagia, without intracavitary abnormalities, were randomly allocated to bipolar radio-frequency ablation (bipolar group) and balloon ablation (balloon group) in a 2:1 ratio. At follow up, both women and observers were unaware of the type of treatment that had been performed.Main outcome measures  The main outcome measure was amenorrhea at 3, 6 and 12 months after randomisation.Results  One hundred and twenty-six women were included in the study, of which 83 were allocated to the bipolar group, and 43 to the balloon group. No complications occurred in either of the treatment groups. At the one-year follow up stage, amenorrhea rates were 43% (34/83) in the bipolar group and 8% (3/43) in the balloon group (treatment effect in time P 〈 0.001). At this stage, 90% of the patients in the bipolar group were satisfied with the result of the treatment against 79% in the balloon group (treatment effect in time P= 0.003).Conclusion  The bipolar radio-frequency impedance-controlled endometrial ablation system is more effective than balloon ablation in the treatment of menorrhagia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00253.x
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