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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 16 (1973), S. 287-289 
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 17 (1974), S. 355-358 
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 112 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective  Defecography may be useful in pre-operative assessment of patients with genital prolapse. Defecography is an invasive and embarrassing procedure for patients and little effort has been made to optimalise selection criteria for defecography. This study investigated whether discrimination of high and low probability of abnormal defecography is possible based on the quantified findings from patient history, pelvic examination and a validated questionnaire.Design  Prospective observational study.Setting  Three teaching hospitals in The Netherlands.Population  Eighty-two patients undergoing surgical correction of uterine prolapse Stages 2–4.Methods  A history and pelvic examination were obtained from all patients. A validated questionnaire was used to assess the presence of defecation and micturition symptoms. Using multivariate logistic regression analyses with receiver operating characteristic curves, a diagnostic model to predict the presence of an abnormal defecography was systematically constructed and validated.Main outcome measure  Presence of abnormal finding at defecography.Results  The most important predictors for abnormal defecography were prolapse of the posterior vaginal wall, history of abdominal or pelvic surgery and the presence of constipation. With these variables, a prediction rule could be constructed which predicted the prevalence of an abnormal defecography (area under curve = 0.73; 95% CI 0.61–0.83).Conclusions  This study shows that a diagnostic model based on findings obtained from a non-invasive workup can accurately predict the presence of an abnormal defecography. Such a model provides the possibility to tailor the request for defecography to the individual patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: From the Monte Carlo methodology based on a non-discrete potential and developed to model capillary-driven mass transport, a relation between the Monte Carlo step and the physical time has been defined as a function of the viscosity coefficient. The experimental kinetics of the shortening of a unique glass cylinder and the sintering of two-glass cylinders at 950°C then have been compared with the numerically obtained results. The original result indicates that the active sintering mechanism for a glass under the given sintering conditions is not Newtonian viscous flow alone, a finding that corresponds perfectly well with the Monte Carlo simulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Neuroscience 28 (2005), S. 89-108 
    ISSN: 0147-006X
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Over the past two decades, molecular genetic studies have enabled a common conceptual framework for the development and basic function of the nervous system. These studies, and the pioneering efforts of mouse geneticists and neuroscientists to identify and clone genes for spontaneous mouse mutants, have provided a paradigm for understanding complex processes of the vertebrate brain. Gene cloning for human brain malformations and degenerative disorders identified other important central nervous system (CNS) genes. However, because many debilitating human disorders are genetically complex, phenotypic screens are difficult to design. This difficulty has led to large-scale, genomic approaches to discover genes that are uniquely expressed in brain circuits and regions that control complex behaviors. In this review, we summarize current phenotype- and genotype-driven approaches to discover novel CNS-expressed genes, as well as current approaches to carry out large-scale, gene-expression screens in the CNS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The degradation of aromatic compounds follows different biochemical principles in aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. While aerobes dearomatize and cleave the aromatic ring by oxygenases, facultative anaerobes utilize an ATP-dependent ring reductase for the dearomatization of the activated key intermediate benzoyl-coenzyme A (CoA). In this work, the aromatic metabolism was studied in the obligately anaerobic model organism Geobacter metallireducens. The gene coding for a putative carboxylic acid-CoA ligase was heterologously overexpressed and the gene product was characterized as a highly specific benzoate-CoA ligase catalysing the initial step of benzoate metabolism. However, no evidence for the presence of an ATP-dependent benzoyl-CoA reductase as observed in facultative anaerobes was obtained. In a proteomic approach benzoate-induced proteins were identified; the corresponding genes are organized in two clusters comprising 44 genes. Induction of representative genes during growth on benzoate was confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The results obtained suggest that benzoate is activated to benzoyl-CoA, which is then reductively dearomatized to cyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA, followed by β-oxidation reactions to acetyl-CoA units, as in facultatively anaerobic bacteria. However, in G. metallireducens the process of reductive benzene ring dearomatization appears to be catalysed by a set of completely different protein components comprising putative molybdenum and selenocysteine containing enzymes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Uraemia ; gluconeogenesis ; acetyl-coenzyme A ; coenzyme A ; Uraemie ; Gluconeogenese ; Acetyl-Coenzym A ; Coenzym A
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nierenrindenschnitte von Ratten wurden in urämischem Serum und in Kontrollserum unter Zusatz von Pyruvat oder Lactat inkubiert und die Bilanz der Pyruvatund Lactatutilisation einschließlich der Gluconeogenese aus diesen beiden Substraten bestimmt. Weiterhin wurden der stationäre Gehalt von Acetyl-Coenzym A und freiem Coenzym A gemessen. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse sowie die zusätzliche Messung der Citratsynthese durch Nierenhomogenat in urämischem Serum führten zu folgenden Schlüssen: die in urämischen Seren verringerte Glucoseneubildung durch Nierenrindenschnitte ist eine Folge direkter Hemmung der Pyruvatcarboxylase, nicht eine indirekte Folge verringerter stationärer Acetyl-Coenzym A-Konzentrationen. Die oxydative Decarboxylierung des Pyruvats zu aktivierter Essigsäure und die Kondensation derselben mit Oxalacetat zu Citrat ist in urämischem Milieu unbeeinflußt. Darüber hinaus lassen die Untersuchungen den Schluß zu, daß bereits physiologischerweise in der Nierenrinde im Rahmen des Endabbaues im Krebscyclus die Schritte Malat-Pyruvat (Malat-Enzym) und Pyruvat-Oxalacetat (Pyruvatcarboxylase) gegenüber dem Reaktionsschritt Malat-Oxalacetat (Malatdehydrogenase) eine wesentliche Rolle spielen. Die Ursachen der unterschiedlichen Glucosebildungsrate aus Pyruvat und Lactat werden auf eine unterschiedliche Kompartimentierung der Pyruvatcarboxylase zurückgeführt.
    Notes: Summary Rat kidney cortex slices were incubated in uraemic and in control sera, containing each pyruvate or lactate. The balance of the pyruvate and lactate utilization plus the amount of gluconeogenesis was determined on the basis of these substrates. Furthermore, the constant of acetyl coenzyme A and free coenzym A was measured. The results and the additional assessment of citrate synthesis by homogenized kidney tissue in uraemic serum lead to the following conclusions: the decreased gluconeogenesis by kidney cortex slices in uraemic serum is a result of an immediate inhibition of the pyruvate carboxylase, and not an indirect result of a diminished constant acetyl-coenzyme A concentration. The oxydative decarboxylation of pyruvate to activated acetic acid and the condensation of activated acetic acid together with oxalic acetate to citrate is not influenced in the uraemic environment. In addition, the investigations strongly suggest that, under physiological circumstances, in the kidney cortex the steps malate to pyruvate (malate enzyme) and pyruvate to oxalic acetate (pyruvate carboxylase) are more important than the reaction step malate to oxalic acetate (malate dehydrogenase) within the final breaking down of the Krebs-cycle. The causes of the different rate of gluconeogenesis influenced by pyruvate and lactate have been explained by a different compartimentation of pyruvate carboxylase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature biotechnology 25 (2007), S. 1145-1147 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Combining tunable transcription with an enzyme-degradation tag affords an effective means to reduce intracellular enzyme concentrations from high to very low levels. Such fine-tuned control allows selection pressure to be systematically increased in directed-evolution experiments. This facilitates ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
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    Menasha, Wis. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    The Accounting Review. 48:1 (1973:Jan.) 235 
    ISSN: 0001-4826
    Topics: Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: BOOK REVIEWS, EARL A. SPILLER, JR., Editor
    Notes: Departments
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  • 10
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    Menasha, Wis. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    The Accounting Review. 48:2 (1973:Apr.) 465 
    ISSN: 0001-4826
    Topics: Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: BOOK REVIEWS, EARL A. SPILLER, JR., Editor
    Notes: Departments
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