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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of thrombin-induced microglial activation and NADPH oxidase by minocycline protects dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in vivo (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 95 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The present study shows that activation of microglial NADPH oxidase and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with thrombin-induced degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons in vivo. Seven days after thrombin injection in the rat substantia nigra (SN), tyrosine hydroxylase immunocytochemistry showed a significant loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons. This cell death was accompanied by localization of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated fluorecein UTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) staining within dopaminergic neurons. This neurotoxicity was antagonized by the semisynthetic tetracycline derivative, minocycline, and the observed neuroprotective effects were associated with the ability of minocycline to suppress NADPH oxidase-derived ROS production and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, including interleukin-1β and inducible nitric oxide synthase, from activated microglia. These results suggest that microglial NADPH oxidase may be a viable target for neuroprotection against oxidative damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03503.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurotoxic effects of 6-aminonicotinamide on cultures of central nervous tissue (1973)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 26 (1973), S. 259-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: 6-Aminonicotinamide ; Tissue Culture of Chick Spinal Cord ; Electron Microscopy ; Neurotoxic Effects ; Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Well myelinated cultures of chick embryo spinal cord were exposed to medium containing 6-aminonicotinamide in a concentration of 0.5 mmol for up to 48 h. By 24–48 h of exposure to the antivitamin, neurons showed a granulovacuolar degeneration which later led to the formation of large vacuoles in the neuronal perikarya. Myelin degeneration was also observed in this period in the form of swelling, beading and ballooning. Electron microscopy revealed moderately swollen mitochondria and dilated endoplasmic reticulum as the earliest neuronal change. Later, neurons became pyknotic and the cytoplasmic organelles disintegrated. Presynaptic endings and glial cells, however, was spared any degenerative change. Intermittent and irregular splitting of myelin lamellae were also observed along the intraperiod lines. Biochemical assay of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the experimental cultures showed that 45% of the enzyme activity was lost during the 30-h period. It is concluded that the formation of 6-aminonicotinamide analogues of NAD and NADP coenzymes leads to the impairment of the pentose phosphate pathway and the glucose turnover, and thus produces neurotoxic effects in the central nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00684436
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical studies of the intranuclear rodlet in neurons of chicken sympathetic and sensory ganglia (1970)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 24 (1970), S. 33-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intranuclear rodlets in chicken sympathetic and sensory neurons have been analyzed histochemically and found to be composed largely of protein with which small amounts of bound lipids or related compounds may be associated. These filamentous formations appear to contain neither DNA, RNA, free lipids (acidic or neutral), nor polysaccharides in amounts demonstrable by standard techniques. Among the amino acids comprising the rodlet protein are arginine, lysine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and possibly aspartic and glutamic acids; glycine and cysteine may also be present in small amounts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310001
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on cerebellar granule cells in tissue culture (1970)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 107 (1970), S. 454-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cerebellum ; Neuron ; Synapses ; Myelin sheath ; Tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In long-term organized cultures of newborn mouse cerebellum, granule cell neurons were studied with silver impregnation and electron microscopy. In silver impregnated cultures, small neurons are defined as granule cell neurons from their size, morphology and location. There are also occasional large nerve endings with the morphology typical of mossy fiber endings. In correlative electron micrographs, granule cell neurons revealed a faithful reproduction of characteristic structures seen in vivo. The fine structural details of cerebellar glomeruli and myelinated granule cell bodies developed in vitro were also described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335434
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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