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Notes: A 32-year-old African American male presented with a five year history of multiple verrucous plaques in a Blaschkoid arrangement on the left leg. Biopsies demonstrated squamous cell carcinoma in-situ. The patient’s medical history did not reveal any heritable or exposure related risk factors. The patient was treated with radiotherapy. Four years later, he presented with a subcutaneous nodule within a prior site of radiation. MRI showed a 2.0 × 1.2 cm enhancing nodule in the subcutis. On biopsy, an ill-defined spindle cell proliferation was present in the dermis and subcutis. Marked nuclear pleomorphism and numerous multinucleated cells embedded in a myxoid stroma were noted. Spindle cells stained for CD68. Cytokeratin and S-100 were negative. A diagnosis of Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma was rendered. Surgical excision was undertaken. A dominant lesion of MFH was identified, as well as multiple, clinically undetectable foci of early sarcoma. This is an unusual case of multifocal post-radiation sarcoma in an African American patient with squamous cell carcinoma in-situ. While sarcoma is a known risk factor following radiotherapy, the course of this patient would suggest caution in applying radiation in similar clinical settings, as well as long-term clinical follow-up for early detection and treatment of post-radiation sarcoma.

Notes: Four intermediate-heading perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) varieties, which in previous studies had been associated with high- or low-intake characteristics when swards containing them had been continuously stocked with sheep, were sown as monocultures. They were rotationally grazed, using 1-d paddocks, with core groups of four yearling Simmental × Holstein beef heifers in 2002 and 2003 and ingestive and ruminative behaviour, and sward factors, were measured. There were two diploid (Belramo and Glen) and one tetraploid (Rosalin) perennial ryegrass varieties and one tetraploid hybrid (Lolium × boucheanum Kunth) (AberExcel) variety. Intake rate (IR) was significantly higher in August 2003 for heifers grazing Glen than those grazing Belramo [27·5 vs. 20·6 g dry matter (DM) min−1; P = 0·019], but there were no significant differences between varieties in two other measurement periods. This is in contrast to previous results with sheep when IR were significantly higher for Glen than Belramo and for AberExcel than Rosalin. Total jaw movement rates during grazing were significantly higher for heifers on the tetraploid swards than those on the diploid swards (87·7 vs. 83·6 jaw movements min−1; P = 0·023) in September 2002. Ruminating time was significantly lower for heifers on the tetraploid swards than those on the diploid swards (453 vs. 519 min 24 h−1; P = 0·012) in July 2002. Digestibility of grass snips was significantly higher on the tetraploid than the diploid swards [697 vs. 680 g digestible organic matter (DOM) kg−1 DM; P = 0·042] in September 2003 and, within diploids, was significantly higher for Glen than Belramo (696 vs. 663 g DOM kg−1 DM; P = 0·014). There were significant differences in sheath tube and leaf lengths and in the population density of tillers between and within ploidies, which might have been expected to have influenced intake characteristics, but this was not generally found under rotational grazing with cattle. In order to separate the effects of defoliation interval from those of grazing style of the different ruminant species, it is suggested that grass variety evaluations using continuously stocked cattle swards are required.

Notes: SYNOPSIS. Euglena gracilis (strain Z) was grown auto-trophically at different light intensities, saturating or limiting for cell division. Adaptation to culture at each light intensity was gauged from division rate, mass, protein, photosynthetic pigments, nucleic acids, volume, paramylum, lipids, respiration, and photosynthesis. Illumination above 1200 foot-, candles was saturating for all aspects of cell growth; the highest intensity examined (3,000 ft-c) slightly inhibited cell division. Intensities between 400 and 1200 ft-c were saturating for all except photosynthesis and paramylum accumulation. Intensities less than about 200 ft-c became limiting for all fractions except protein, which remained constant over the range 120–3000 ft-c, dropping, however, at 65 ft-c. Concentration of photosynthetic pigments increased as light intensity decreased.Absolute synthetic rates were estimated for the individual Euglena cell for the measured cell constituents. While most followed a predictable pattern, increasing with light intensity to saturating levels, the synthetic rates for the pigments went through maxima at 190 ft-c. Since fixed carbon in limiting light is so apportioned that protein is synthesized to the exclusion of paramylum, one concludes that the energy requirements for cell growth (measured as protein synthesis), and to a lesser extent cell division, have a higher priority than do those activities concerned more directly with maintenance.