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  • 2005-2009  (81)
  • 1880-1889  (15)
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emergency Managers' Views on Improving Defense Support/Military Assistance to Civil Authorities (DSCA/MACA) Education Programs (2006)
    Berkeley, Calif. : Berkeley Electronic Press (now: De Gruyter)
    Journal of homeland security and emergency management 3 (2006), S. 6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1547-7355
    Source: Berkeley Electronic Press Academic Journals
    Topics: Political Science , Sociology
    Notes: The purpose of the Defense Support to Civil Authorities (DSCA) (formerly titled Military Assistance to Civil Authorities, or MACA) process is to provide local and State civil authorities with access to federal military assets in response to major terrorist attacks or natural disasters. Local civilian emergency managers (EMs) play an important role in effective DSCA processes. This paper reports the results of an exploratory study of local EMs' views of the education they have received on the DSCA process and their suggestions on how the process can be improved. The survey and interviews indicate that a majority of EMs do not believe that they have received effective DSCA education and that interpersonal methods (course/training involving federal or civil authorities) were most positively related to having received effective DSCA education. It was recommended that future education on DSCA should be provided in a more clear and concise manner and focuses on topics such as the organizations and process involved in DSCA, types of assistance and time required by the military in their response, and how EMs can better articulate their needs in DSCA requests. A number of recommendations on future research directions on DSCA are also provided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.bepress.com/jhsem/vol3/iss2/6
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TREATMENT AND ITS CORRELATES IN THE NESARC (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Addiction 100 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01019.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence and predictors of research participant eligibility criteria in alcohol treatment outcome studies, 1970–98 (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Addiction 100 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Aims  To describe the eligibility criteria (i.e. study participant inclusion and exclusion rules) employed in alcohol treatment outcome research and to identify predictors of their use.Design  The eligibility criteria of 683 alcohol treatment outcome studies conducted between 1970 and 1998 were coded reliably into 14 general categories. Predictors of the use of eligibility criteria were then examined.Findings  Patients were most often ruled ineligible for research studies because of their level of alcohol problems (39.1% of studies), comorbid psychiatric problems (37.8%),  past  or  concurrent  utilization  of  alcohol  treatment  (31.8%),  co-occurring  medical  conditions  (31.6%),  and  because  they  were  deemed  non-compliant and unmotivated (31.5%). The number of eligibility criteria employed in studies increased from the 1970s through the 1990s, and was positively associated with funding from the US National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) and from the private sector, lack of an inpatient/residential treatment condition, presence of a pharmacotherapy, and use of a randomized, multiple-condition design. Principal investigators with doctoral degrees used more eligibility criteria than those with lower degrees.Conclusion  Participant eligibility criteria are extensively employed in alcohol treatment outcome research, and vary significantly across historical periods, funders and research designs. Researchers should report the details of subject eligibility criteria and excluded patients more fully, and, evaluate how eligibility criteria affect the cost, feasibility, and generalizability of treatment outcome research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01175.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-malignant clonal expansions of CD8+ memory T cells in aged individuals (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Immunological reviews 205 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-065X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary:  CD8+ T cells provide a major line of defense against intracellular pathogens. Upon encounter with antigen, CD8+ T cells go through three distinct phases involving proliferation, contraction, and differentiation to become eventually long-lived CD8+ memory T cells. CD8+ memory T cells provide long-term protection against infection by intracellular pathogens. CD8+ memory T-cell proliferation and survival are regulated by many factors, including cytokines, and CD8+ memory T cells are stably maintained over a period of months to years. In aged humans and mice, however, there are significant alterations to the CD8+ memory T-cell compartment with frequent development of monoclonal expansions of CD8+ memory T cells in healthy individuals. Interestingly, CD8+ clonal expansions are not malignant and do not progress to lymphomas, suggesting that these cells must still be under certain constraints. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of factors that contribute to and regulate these CD8+ clonal expansions as well as the impact of CD8+ clonal expansions on immune function of the aged. In addition, we discuss similarities and differences between CD8+ clonal expansions observed in humans and mice, and we postulate that CD8+ clonal expansions represent a spectrum of biological outcomes ranging from antigen-driven to antigen-independent phenomena.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-2896.2005.00265.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book Reviews: (2005)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA , and PO Box 1354, 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2XG , UK and PO Box 378 Carlton South , 3053 Victoria , Australia . : Blackwell Publishing
    Personnel psychology 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-6570
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2005.20050209_1.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Food Processing on Blueberry Antiproliferation and Antioxidant Activity (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 70 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Cultivated highbush (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) and wild lowbush (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) blueberries are excellent sources of phytochemicals that are believed to have significant biological activity. The objective of this study was to determine whether incorporation of blueberries into food products affects their phenolic content or antioxidant and antiproliferation activity. Several blueberry fruit-containing products including fresh, individually quick frozen (IQF), freeze-dried, spray-dried, heat-dried, cooked, juice concentrate, pie filling, and jam were fractionated to remove sugars and isolate groups of phytochemicals based on solubility. The fractions were analyzed for total phenolics and assayed for ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) antioxidant activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and hepa-1c1c7 antiproliferative activities. For both cultivated and wild berries, fresh and IQF berries had the highest total phenols, antioxidant activity, and antiproliferation activity. Whole freeze-dried wild blueberries also retained significant antiproliferative activity in 2 fractions eluted with acetone (fraction 4, 4% of control cell growth at 20 (μg/mL) and 50% aqueous acetone (fraction 5, 69% of control cell growth at 20 (μg/mL) and ranked close to the activities recorded for fresh (30% of control cell growth at 20 (μg/mL for fraction 5) and IQF whole fruit (27% of control cell growth at 20 (μg/mL for fraction 5). Products that were heat-processed retained most of the antioxidant activity and total phenolics found in unprocessed whole fruit. However, the heat-treated products lacked or had diminished antiproliferation activity, suggesting that although products may be high in phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity, some forms of bioactivity may be compromised by harsh processing methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb11461.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decision of union workers to participate in employee involvement: an application of the theory of planned behaviour (2005)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Employee relations 27 (2005), S. 511-531 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-5455
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to test the ability of the theory of planned behaviour to predict worker intent towards an employee involvement (EI) programme, and the impact of union identification on workers' decision making. Design/methodology/approach - Union workers at a small manufacturing company in the Midwestern United States completed two questionnaires. The first questionnaire provided measures of the attitudinal, normative, and behavioural control components of the theory of planned behaviour and the degree to which they identified with their labour union. In the second questionnaire, the same respondents answered questions to measure their intention to support or oppose an employee involvement (EI) programme. Findings - Intentions to support EI were accurately predicted from attitudes, normative support, and perceived behavioural control (0.05 level). Level of union identification moderated the impact of attitudes on intention to support EI for workers that did not identify heavily with the labour union (0.05 level), but did not moderate the effect of normative support on intention for workers who identified heavily with the labour union. Research limitations/implications - The results indicate that the theory of planned behaviour has the potential to be an effective tool in predicting the behavioural outcomes of union members in the workplace, and that the level of union identification affects decision making. Research is limited by same source methodology and no direct measure of behaviour. Practical implications - Leaders, labour and management, who intend to implement new programmes, should give strong consideration to how workers' social cohorts influence their decision making and plan for this contingency when considering programme changes. Originality/value - The level of union identification influences perception and decision making but has not been considered in models of member decision making. EI research has tended to center on EI as the antecedent to outcomes such as job satisfaction, cooperation, retention, and quality of work life. This paper addresses the role of union identification in support for EI programmes, and uses a well-established behavioural theory to explain workers' decision-making process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01425450510612031
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NEURAL, HORMONAL and RENAL INTERACTIONS IN LONG-TERM BLOOD PRESSURE CONTROL (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 32 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04198.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RENAL DENERVATION CAUSES CHRONIC HYPOTENSION IN RATS: ROLE OF Β1-ADRENOCEPTOR ACTIVITY (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 32 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Renal denervation (RDNX) chronically lowers mean arterial pressure (MAP) in normal rats but mechanisms leading to this hypotensive response remain unknown.2. We hypothesized that this sustained decrease in arterial pressure was because of a loss of β1-adrenoceptor mediated renin secretion. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to sham (SHAM; n = 9), unilateral (UniRDNX; n = 9), or bilateral (RDNX; n = 10) renal denervation groups and instrumented for telemetric MAP measurements, plasma renin concentration (PRC) measurements and intravenous infusion. Twenty-four h MAP, heart rate, sodium and water balances were recorded 5 days before, 3 days during and 3 days after 1-adrenoceptor blockade with atenolol.3. The 5-day control MAP was significantly lower in RDNX (97 ± 1 mmHg) compared to SHAM (105 ± 2 mmHg) and UniRDNX (102 ± 2 mmHg) rats. No significant differences in basal PRC were observed between RDNX (2.2 ± 0.3 ngAng1/mL per h), UniRDNX (2.6 ± 0.4 ng/Ang1/mL per h) and SHAM (2.6 ± 0.4 ngAng1/mL per h) rats. By day 1 of atenolol, PRC was significantly lower in UniRDNX rats (1.8 ± 0.2 ngAg1/mL per h) compared to control values, but was unchanged during atenolol infusion in the other groups. By day 3 of atenolol, MAP was significantly decreased in all groups, but the absolute levels of MAP remained statistically different between RDNX (87 ± 1 mmHg) and SHAM (91 ± 1 mmHg) groups.4. We conclude that the arterial pressure lowering effect of RDNX is not solely dependent on the loss of neural control of renin release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04179.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HYPOTHESIS: SET-POINTS and LONG-TERM CONTROL OF ARTERIAL PRESSURE. A THEORETICAL ARGUMENT FOR A LONG-TERM ARTERIAL PRESSURE CONTROL SYSTEM IN THE BRAIN RATHER THAN THE KIDNEY (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 32 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. It has been hypothesised that the ‘set-point’ for the long-term control of mean arterial (MAP) resides within the kidney. In this model, the set-point of the ‘chronic renal function curve’ establishes the steady state relationship between renal perfusion pressure and urinary excretion of sodium and water, which, in turn, affects blood volume and cardiac output. The ‘renal–MAP set-point’ theory predicts that the kidney controls MAP to maintain its own excretory function and that long-term regulation of blood volume and cardiac output are paramount to the regulation of arterial pressure.2. An alternative hypothesis is proposed in which the ‘set-point’ for the long-term control of MAP resides within the central nervous system (CNS) rather than the kidney. In contrast with the ‘renal–MAP set-point’ model, the ‘CNS-MAP set-point’ model dictates that the brain controls MAP to maintain cerebral blood flow and CNS function.3. The ‘CNS-MAP set-point hypothesis’ predicts that long-term regulation of MAP is paramount to the regulation of blood volume and cardiac output. It is proposed that the ‘CNS-MAP set-point’ system operates independently of the arterial baroreceptor reflex, which is a short-term controller of MAP.4. The precise mechanisms by which the CNS ‘senses’ MAP are complex and remain to be discovered. The MAP ‘sensor’ likely involves integration of hormone levels linked to body fluid homeostasis and osmoreceptor and baroreceptor inputs. It is also proposed that an as yet undiscovered ‘central baroreceptor’ exists within the brain itself.5. The ‘CNS-MAP set-point hypothesis’ predicts that many forms of experimental and essential hypertension are due to a primary shift in the CNS-MAP set-point.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04200.x
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