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  • 2005-2009  (37)
Material
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Pharmacology 45 (2005), S. 529-564 
    ISSN: 0362-1642
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Modern chemotherapy has played a major role in our control of tuberculosis. Yet tuberculosis still remains a leading infectious disease worldwide, largely owing to persistence of tubercle bacillus and inadequacy of the current chemotherapy. The increasing emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis along with the HIV pandemic threatens disease control and highlights both the need to understand how our current drugs work and the need to develop new and more effective drugs. This review provides a brief historical account of tuberculosis drugs, examines the problem of current chemotherapy, discusses the targets of current tuberculosis drugs, focuses on some promising new drug candidates, and proposes a range of novel drug targets for intervention. Finally, this review addresses the problem of conventional drug screens based on inhibition of replicating bacilli and the challenge to develop drugs that target nonreplicating persistent bacilli. A new generation of drugs that target persistent bacilli is needed for more effective treatment of tuberculosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 247 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A new bacterial strain capable of selectively desulfurizing dibenzothiphene (DBT) was isolated from sludge. This organism, designated ZD-M2, clustered most closely with members of the genus Microbacterium, as determined by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Metabolites produced by DBT desulfurization were identified by GC-MS, and two sulfur-free products, 2-methoxybiphenyl (2-MBP) and biphenyl, were detected in addition to 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-HBP). This strain can also totally degrade 4,6-dimethyl-DBT, thiophene, benzothiophene and 70% diphenylsulfide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Cardiovascular drug reviews 23 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1527-3466
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a serious and potentially devastating chronic disorder of the pulmonary circulation. Attempts to use drugs in the therapy of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension indicated the importance of prevention or reduction of vasoconstriction as well as of the reversal of remodeling within the cardiovascular system. Iptakalim (2,3-dimethyl-N-(1-methylethyl)-2-butylamine), a novel ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener, has the desired effects on hypoxic pulmonary arteries. Iptakalim decreases the elevated mean pressure in pulmonary arteries, and attenuates remodeling in the right ventricle, pulmonary arteries and airways. Moreover, iptakalim has selective antihypertensive effects: it significantly lowers arterial pressure in hypertensive animals, but has little if any effect in normotensive animals. In HPH iptakalim has selective effects on smaller arteries. Long-term iptakalim therapy decreases expression of sulfonylurea receptor 2 and of mRNA of inwardly rectifying potassium channel in smaller arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Iptakalim inhibits the effects of endothelin-1, reduces the intracellular calcium concentration and inhibits the cell cycle in smooth muscle cells of pulmonary arteries. There is no evidence for the development of tolerance to the long-lasting antihypertensive action of iptakalim. At therapeutic doses iptakalim has no effects on the central nervous, respiratory, digestive, or endocrine systems. It has a broad therapeutic range, so that it can be safely used in the therapy of HPH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Purpose - The aims of the study are to analyze the features of a socially self-contained society; to analyze the features of an environmentally sustainable society; and to generate a discussion on an indigenous approach towards the sustainable design of communities, particularly through the study of the round village for its unique form and performance in terms of sustainable construction. Design/methodology/approach - Researchers from an international group undertook a field study of a number of specimen round and square shape Hakka villages in December 2004. They discussed their preliminary findings with local academics regarding significant attributes for sustainable design principles, and summarized lessons by means of spatial and construction studies that inform contemporary urban designers' knowledge and practice of sustainability through indigenous architecture. Findings - Through reinterpretation of Feng-shui theory, various observations made were easily and naturally correlated to basic laws of sustainability. The biggest message that comes from Fujian round architecture is that a genuine practitioner of environmental and social sustainability relies on a simplicity of approach - a respect for nature. Research limitations/implications - The study is confined primarily to observations by a team of architects and engineers. Practical implications - Field study of vernacular architecture provides useful information and first-hand data for researchers on rammed earth structures. Originality/value - The study of rammed earth structures in remote areas of China, in both coastal and earthquake active zones, offers fresh insight into the integrity and ingenuity of early settlers in sustainable construction. The research provides preliminary findings regarding environmental and construction practice in age-old Hakka round houses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1745-4581
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Simple methods for the preparation of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) templates from Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Oryza sativa using a microwave and by boiling are described without the need for any special chemical reagent such as a detergent. The microwave and boiling methods were robust for the preparation of both plasmid and genomic templates of E. coli, as was the boiling approach for S. cerevisiae DNA. The microwave procedure was only suitable for dry yeast colonies with fair efficiency as absence of water (H2O) was critical for a successful PCR. Oryza sativa genomic DNA was amplified with both approaches with satisfactory efficiency. Escherichia coli plasmids can be prepared using a microwave with a yield equivalent to 15–20% of an alkaline lysis mini-prep. PCR templates were also efficiently generated from Pichia pastoris and Ganoderma lucidum by using the boiling method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous noncoding RNAs, about 22 nucleotides in length, that mediate post-transcriptional gene silencing by annealing to inexactly complementary sequences in the 3′-untranslated regions of target mRNAs. Our current understanding of the functions of miRNAs relies ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 33-37 (Mar. 2008), p. 1187-1194 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The center hole deformation test of rigid bearing plate is an important method forunderstanding deformation properties of deep weak rock mass. According to the center holedeformation test of rigid bearing plate in dam zone of Dagangshan hydropower station, this paperdetailedly recommends test method of this experiment, and the settlement deformation formula ofdeep rock mass under circular rigid bearing plate is deduced, which could be used to calculatedeformation modulus and equivalence deformation modulus of different deep rock mass at testpoints. According to curves of depth-deformation under different pressures at test points in dam zone,we have analyzed deformation characteristics of deep weak rock mass. By the center hole deformationtest of rigid bearing plate, stratum properties in dam zone of Dagangshan hydropower station could beunderstood further, and it provides important references for the study of creep speciality of weak rockmass in dam zone
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 381-382 (June 2008), p. 325-328 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In this paper, we proposed a method to attain a high sensitivity of weak optical signaldetection by using the multi-wavelength modulation principle. In this method, the optical phasecarrying the measurand is obtained by averaging the phases obtained in various orders ofheterodyne harmonics. The employment of higher heterodyne harmonics reduces the drift effect inoptical detection. The proposed method is demonstrated on the nano-scale displacementmeasurement by using a single channel fiber interferometer. In the experiment, the displacement issimulated by moving a mirror with a piezoelectric tube. The results show that more repeatablemeasurements with a resolution of 35nm can be obtained by using the proposed method
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 381-382 (June 2008), p. 333-336 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper presents a new set of estimation formulae for non-contact 2D displacementmeasurement by using the principle of triangulation and the position sensitive detector (PSD) as a2-D range sensor. It has been shown in theory that the new set of formulae outperforms theconventional formulae by providing much more accurate estimate of the 2D displacement. Thetheoretical analysis has been verified by simulation studies
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 381-382 (June 2008), p. 337-340 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The shear force detection by using a tuning fork plays a key role in the implement allkinds of scanning probe microscopes. This paper presents primary results of modeling dynamics ofa tuning fork. The obtained model considers not only the piezoelectric properties and mechanicalproperties of the tuning fork, but also the electric-mechanical coupling between the two prongs ofthe tuning fork. It has been shown by theoretical studies and experiment results that the theoreticalmodel can fit the amplitude and phase responses of a tuning fork
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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