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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some subjective-experiential parameters in experimental tooth clenching in man (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 6 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Experimental tooth clenching was performed by fourteen human subjects in order to determine the onset of the subjective sensations of jaw muscle fatigue and jaw muscle pains, the ability to endure jaw muscle pains, and other discomforts. During production of maximal voluntary isometric tension by the elevator jaw muscles the fatigue threshold (x̄= 31 s), the pain threshold (x̄= 55 s), and the pain tolerance (x̄= 118 s) of tooth clenching did not vary significantly intraindividually, whereas this was so interindividually. There might have existed psychological relationships between the three parameters, but they might also have been influenced by the same physiological cause. The weak to intense discomforts were localized to the face, and primarily to the jaw muscles, and after determination of the pain tolerance they disappeared in about 90 s.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1979.tb01272.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decreased Number of CD73 (ecto-5′-Nucleotidase) Molecules on Lymphocytes from Patients with Primary Immunoglobulin Deficiencies. Correlation between Number of CD73 Molecules and T-Lymphocyte Function In Vitro (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: CD73 is a bifunctional glycosyl phosphatidylinositol anchored leucocyte differentiation antigen which has specific ecto-5′-nucleotidase (ecto-5′-NT) activity and is an accessory T-lymphocyte activation molecule. The aim of the present study was to investigate the CD73 expression on blood mononuclear cells (BMC) from a group of patients with primary immunoglobulin deficiency (IGD). This group of patients had both significantly decreased levels of ecto-5′-NT on BMC (P = 0.002) and decreased numbers of CD73 molecules per CD73+ lymphocyte (P = 0.01). Five of the 10 patients had a decreased percentage of CD73+ lymphocytes. Among B-lymphocytes the patients had normal percentages of CD73+ cells but four of the 10 patients had numbers of CD73 molecules per CD73+ B-lymphocyte below the normal range. Among CD4-lymphocytes three out of 10 patients had percentages of CD73+ below the normal range and four out of 10 patients had decreased percentages of CD73+ CD8-lymphocytes. Significant correlations were found between in vitro proliferative responses to mitogens and the number of CD73 molecules per CD73+ lymphocyte (rs = 0.60, P 〈 0.01) and per CD73+ CD8-lymphocyte (rs = 0.64, P 〈 0.02). In addition, a positive correlation was found between ability to proliferate and level of ecto-5′-NT on BMC (rs = 0.53, P 〈 0.05). Furthermore the ability of BMC to synthesize ecto-5′-NT was studied. During 2 days' culture ecto-5′-NT activity increased markedly on BMC from both patients and healthy donors. The level of activity on BMC from all patients attained levels higher than on freshly isolated BMC from healthy donors. This shows that the decreased levels of ecto-5′-NT found on freshly isolated BMC from patients with IGD is due to defective regulation of the enzyme activity in vivo
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-281.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of T Cell Subsets by an Immunocytochemical Method Compared to Flow Cytometry in Four Countries (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 45 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The authors tested an alternative method for CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes enumeration, the immunoalkaline phosphatase method (IA), in three African countries and in Denmark. The IA determinations from 136 HIV antibody positive and 105 HIV antibody negative individuals were compared to the corresponding results obtained by flow cytometry (FC) performed in the respective countries. The authors found good correspondence between the two methods for measurements of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes independent of serological status and geographical site. However, the CD4 and CD8 T lymphocyte values obtained by the two methods are not interchangeable as IA compared to FC consistently gives higher percentage of CD4 T lymphocytes, and lower percentages of CD8 T lymphocytes. Mean differences between the two methods did not differ between the three African countries indicating that the IA method provides systematic results. Replicate measurements suggested good correspondence between results obtained by IA. By using an IA level of 〈 300 CD4 T lymphocytes/μl, the sensitivity was 81% and specificity 96% for detecting an FC level of 〈 200 CD4 T lymphocytes/μl. Using an IA level of 〈 20% CD4 T lymphocytes, the sensitivity was 89% and specificity 95% for detecting an FC level of 〈14% CD4 T lymphocytes, The FC and IA methods had the same internal correspondence between low absolute CD4 T cell counts and low CD4 percentages; the sensitivity and specificity for detecting a low absolute CD4 T cell count with a low CD4 percentage was 92% and 68% for FC and 91% and 73% for IA, respectively. The IA method is 10-fold cheaper than FC, is independent of advanced laboratory facilities, and does not need immediate processing of samples as blood smears can be stored for long periods. The IA method is therefore suitable for use in areas with limited resources and laboratory facilities where there is a need for immunological surveillance in hospital or community studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-440.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An HPLC investigation of flower colour and breeding of anthocyanins in species and hybrids of Alstroemeria (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 117 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The tepals of 28 Chilean species of Alstroemeria and 183 interspecific hybrids were analysed for anthocyanin content by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The anthocyanins were identified as 3-rutinosides of 6-hydroxydelphinidin, 6-hydroxyeyanidin, cyanidin, and delphinidin and 3-glyeosides of cyanidin and delphinidin, some of which were acylated with malonic acid. Comparisons of the anthocyanin contents in parents and offspring showed that no anthocyanidin or acylation pattern was dominant, and that offspring values were close to mid-parent values for the percentage of malonated anthocyanins, whereas the inheritance of cyanidin, 6-hydroxycyanidin, and delphinidin seems more complicated. Flower colour, hue, and intensity were measured by CIELab in fresh tepals and compared with their anthocyanin content and the estimated flavonoid concentrations. Colour intensity was positively correlated with anthocyanin concentration. Compared with flowers containing exclusively cyanidin 3-glycosides, the hues of flowers with delphinidin 3-glycosides were bluer and with 6-hydroxycyanidin 3-glycosides redder, respectively. Both malonation of anthocyanin and co-pigmentation with flavonoids caused a shift to bluish hues, irrespective of the anthocyanidins. By quantifying both chemical and colorimetric characteristics a model for the effect of anthocyanin on Alstroemeria flower colour was established. Breeding of new cultivars of Alstroemeria is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1998.tb01449.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of muscle pain tolerance on muscle pain threshold in experimental tooth clenching in man (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 6 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ten adults and ten children exercised maximal voluntary tooth clenching until pains appeared in the jaw muscles, i.e. the muscle pain threshold of tooth clenching was determined. Subsequently, the subjects were instructed to exercise tooth clenching until they were forced to stop because of intolerable pains and exhaustion of the contracting muscles, i.e. the muscle pain tolerance of tooth clenching was recorded, and during these bouts of clenching the pain threshold was also determined. In adults, determination of the pain tolerance decreased the pain threshold by 19%, and in children it either decreased the pain threshold by 20%, or increased it by 56%. It is proposed to introduce the muscle pain tolerance of tooth clenching as an adjunct in the clinical examination of cases of facial pains presumed to originate from the jaw muscles, but the test should be interpreted with caution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1979.tb01498.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The concept of the sagittal condylar guidance: biological fact or fallacy? (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 5 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The clinical concept of a sagittal condylar guidance pertaining to the human temporomandibular joint is discussed in the light of selected studies on the anatomy, radiography and cineradiography of this joint, and clinical attempts at recording a sagittal condylar guidance. It seems as if there is no single and well defined sagittal condylar guidance in vivo, and thus no single and well defined sagittal condylar guidance angle applicable to the adjustable articulator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1978.tb00384.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrognathographic and electromyographic observations on jaw depression during neck extension (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Albeit never substantiated through experimental and clinical evidence, the theoretical linchpin of the mechanics of a so-called whiplash injury of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the postulate that a pre-existing depressor force (continual anchoring force), generated by the anterior suprahyoid (SH) muscles, will always act on the mandible and cause traumatic mouth opening (anterior acceleration of the TMJ condyles) when the neck is extended (posterior acceleration of the head). To test aspects of this postulate, six subjects assumed the positions of neutral (0°), medium (32°) and maximum (58°) neck extension while the mandible was in its postural positions of rest and light centric occlusion. By means of surface electromyography, it was shown that the relative contractile activities of the anterior SH muscles never exceeded 7·3% of the contractile activity required to anchor the mandible in a position of maximum depression. By means of electrognathography, it was shown that the maxillary and mandibular incisors were never separated by more than 2·6 mm during neutral, medium, and maximum extension of the neck. In other words, during neck extensions there was no evidence of a continual or induced voluntary or involuntary depressor force that would and could anchor the mandible in a position of traumatic mouth opening. Accordingly, and in agreement with other biophysical and biomedical evidence, it was concluded that there is no foundation for the pseudoscientific speculations and unsubstantiated opinions offered in support of a concept and diagnosis of a so-called TMJ whiplash injury. Additionally, this study found co-activation of cervical flexor muscles and mandibular elevator as well as depressor muscles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.1999.00463.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of glucose, tetrapyrroles and protein kinase C activators on cell proliferation in cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 132 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Saccharomyces cerevisiae was inoculated into a yeast nitrogen base with either glycerol or glucose as carbon source. Cell proliferation was followed by colony counts on agar medium. Cells in the glycerol-supplemented medium divided less than once in 10 days. When glucose, 6-deoxy-glucose or protoporphyrin IX was added, the cells had doubling times of about 24 h and increased in number to about 0.5 × 106 cells ml−1 Addition of either of the protein kinase C activators oleoyl-acetylglycerol or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate did not activate cell proliferation in the glycerol medium. However, when (i) glucose was combined with either protoporphyrin IX or chlorophyllin, or (ii) either protoporphyrin IX or chlorophyllin was combined with either of the protein kinase C activators, the cells had doubling times of about 12 h. Hence, (i) glucose can act as both a carbon source and a signalling molecule for proliferation, and (ii) two systems are involved in activating cell proliferation in S. cerevisiae: one operating through a protein kinase C system and another through a guanylate cyclase system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07826.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies of the periendothelial matrix in human melanoma: evidence for an amorphous matrix containing laminin (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Angiogenesis and the extracellular matrix are fundamental to tumor progression from in situ to invasive and metastatic disease. Laminin, a major glycoprotein integrated into basement membranes, is observed in angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. A recent study described an association between melanoma cells and endothelial cells via an amorphous matrix containing laminin. In the current study, we have examined 45 cases of human primary and metastatic melanomas by electron microscopy for the presence of an amorphous matrix. We observed an amorphous matrix without a clearly delineated lamina or basement membrane in 41 of the 45 melanomas studied. 28 cases with tissue blocks available for study were examinated by immunohistochemistry for the expression of laminin and type IV collagen. We observed die presence of an angiocentric matrix containing laminin in 24 of the 28 melanomas studied. Since laminin is involved in tumor migration, the presence of laminin between melanoma cells and small vessels suggests a role for this material in periendothelial tumor migration. However, further study is required to characterize the nature of this material and the mechanisms involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1999.tb01806.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microorganisms and mediator release: A mechanism in respiratory disorders caused by infectious and environmental exposure (1995)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 44 (1995), S. S34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01674383
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