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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Ecdysteroid ; Nuclear condensation ; DNA fragmentation ; α-amanitin ; Cycloheximide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Silk gland is a larval specific tissue of lepidopteran insects and begins to degenerate shortly before pupation. Programmed cell death (PCD) of the anterior silk gland of Bombyx mori last instar larvae was studied in vivo and in vitro, focusing on the effects of 20- hydroxyecdysone (20E). The glands began to exhibit signs of PCD in vivo 2 days after gut purge and comp-leted PCD by 48 h. In vitro, 20E prematurely induced PCD, and its completion took 144 h (6 days). An oligo-nucleosomal ladder pattern was observed in DNA extracted at the end of PCD. Caspase 3 inhibitor inhibited attainment of full PCD, but it did not block chromatin condensation as revealed by acridine orange staining. α-Amanitin inhibited the PCD induced by 20E in vitro if added to the culture in the first 8 h. Similarly, cycloheximide and emetine completely blocked PCD when applied in the first 18 h of culture with 20E. These results indicate that 20E-stimulated transcription and protein synthesis for PCD are completed in 8 h and 18 h, respectively. Nevertheless, withdrawal of 20E from the medium at different times showed that 20E must be present in vitro for 42 h to elicit full PCD. Current results indicate that the effects of 20E on the progression of PCD are mediated by two distinct processes – one through nuclear hormone receptors, and the other independent from de novo gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 21 (1997), S. 635-652 
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: anisotropic elastic medium ; complete plane-strain problem ; influence function ; stress discontinuity element ; displacement discontinuity element ; Engineering ; Civil and Mechanical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: Influence functions, that permit us to determine stresses and displacements at an arbitrary point in an infinite, homogeneous, linear elastic, anisotropic medium due to different three-dimensional (3-D) stress or displacement discontinuities distributed on infinite, flat, band-type elements, are presented. Any straight-line segment on the band, which is perpendicular to its infinite side, has the same distribution of the discontinuities. Along with the functions, their Taylor series approximations are also provided. The last can be useful to analyse stresses and displacements at points distant from the elements. The functions allow us to avoid procedures of numerical integration in the Indirect Boundary Element Method and/or the Displacement Discontinuity Method computer codes that are able to solve complete plane-strain problems with 3-D boundary conditions for an elastic, anisotropic medium. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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