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  • 2000-2004  (4)
  • 1995-1999  (7)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bilateral Achilles tendon rupture: a report on two cases (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 6 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0838
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Sports Science
    Notes: Two cases of traumatic bilateral Achilles tendon rupture are reported. One of the patients was a healthy middle-aged man, who had been an active nationallevel gymnast 20 years earlier. He had not suffered any complaints of Achilles tendons before. The ruptures occurred when, after a sauna, he showed his guests a vault forwards, which he had been able to perform easily. This time the landing took place on the toes, causing a high peak stretch to the calf muscles and Achilles tendons. The total rupture of both Achilles tendons was treated surgically, with an excellent result 2 days after the trauma. End-to-end suturation and a fascial flap plasty were made on both sides. No macroscopic degeneration could be detected on the rupture sites. He was allowed to walk freely 6 weeks after the surgery. The second case was a 54-year-old woman, who had suffered from Achilles tendinitis and peritendinitis for 2 years. Both tendons had been surgically treated, and severe adhesions and local degenerative changes had been found. The tendon rupture occurred when she injured her left ankle while getting out of the car. Two days later she fell at home, because of the weakness of the left side, and consequently the right Achilles tendon was injured. She was treated conservatively for 10 days, before the surgery was performed. Both tendons were ruptured and an extensive degeneration of the area was observed. The right side suffered from a rerupture, which was again treated surgically. After surgery the recovery was slow, but the final result 3 years later was moderate. Neither of the patients had any systemic diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.1996.tb00476.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Signals Leading to the Activation of NF-κB Transcription Factor are Stronger in Neonatal than Adult T Lymphocytes (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The molecular background of the defects in the immune reactivity of human neonates has not been fully elucidated. As the NF-κB transcription factor has a central role in the control of transcription of several genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses, the authors have analysed the activation of NF-κB in human umbilical cord T lymphocytes. The activity was tested by quantitating the nuclear proteins binding to an oligonucleotide containing the consensus κB binding sequence (electrophoretic mobility shift assay). The data obtained demonstrate that phorbol dibutyrate/calcium ionophore A23187 (PDBu/iono) combination induced a clearly higher nuclear translocation of NF-κB in neonatal than adult T cells. This higher NF-κB activity was restricted to the CD4+ T-cell subset. Analysis of the nuclear extracts with antibodies directed against the major components of NF-κB the p50 and RelA (p65) proteins, indicated that the composition of NF-κB was similar in neonatal and adult cells. These results suggest that neonatal T cells are exposed to oxidative stress-inducing signals during delivery and/or are inherently more sensitive to NF-κB activating signals than adult T cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-277.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Down-Regulation of Anti-CD3 Antibody-Induced IL-4 Production by Bovine Caseins Hydrolysed with Lactobacillus GG-Derived Enzymes (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 43 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A prerequisite for systemic hyporesponsiveness to dietary antigens is their processing in the gut. This study investigated whether bovine caseins degraded by enzymes of an intestinal bacterial strain, Lactobacillus GG (ATCC 53103), could regulate the cytokine production by anti-CD3 antibody-induced peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 14 atopic patients, aged 5–29 (mean, 16) months. Purified casein up-regulated the interleukin-4 and interferon-γ production, P = 0.008 and P = 0.008, respectively. Conversely, Lactobacillus GG-degraded casein down-regulated the interleukin-4 production, P = 0.003, with no effect on interferon-γ. These results indicate that intestinal bacteria may modify immunomodulatory properties of native food proteins and introduce a promising tool to provide protection from potentially harmful dietary antigens at a young age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-258.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation of the Protein Kinase A Increases the DNA-Binding and Transcriptional Activity of c-Rel in T Cells (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 43 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) is known to have both negative and positive effects on the activation mechanisms of T lymphocytes. The authors have analysed the effect of increased cAMP on the activation of NF-κB transcription factor. This factor controls the expression of several genes (e.g. IL-2 and IL-2 receptor) involved in the activation and proliferation of T cells. The authors found that elevation of intracellular cAMP in Jurkat T leukaemia cells activated with phorbol ester (PDBu)/calcium ionophore (A23187) increased the DNA-binding of NF-κB as detected by the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Analysis of the subunit composition of the DNA-binding complex indicated that the amount of c-Rel was enhanced while RelA was decreased. Analysis of the effect of elevated cAMP on the degradation of IκB-α and IκB-β did not reveal an essential change in degradation kinetics of these inhibitor proteins. The elevation of cAMP did not increase the synthesis of c-Rel, but it enhanced the nuclear localization of this protein. Transfection of Jurkat cells with a plasmid kB/TK10-CAT indicated that the increased DNA-binding of c-Rel containing complexes seen in EMSA was also functional. These data imply that the strong and long-lasting c-Rel nuclear localization and DNA-binding induced by protein kinase A is not due to increased c-Rel synthesis or enhanced degradation of the IκB inhibitors. Therefore, a direct phosphorylation of the c-Rel protein is the most plausible explanation for these observations. Taken together, these results suggest that cAMP is able to regulate the expression of NF-κB-dependent genes in T cells by modifying the composition and subunit activity of NF-κB.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-268.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunoglobulin G3 and Immunoglobulin M Isotype Plasma Levels are Influenced by Interleukin-1α Genotype (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 57 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The immunoglobulin (Ig) plasma levels are known to be, at least partially, genetically regulated, but all the genes involved are not known. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a potent proinflammatory cytokine able to serve as an adjuvant for immune responses. IL-1α gene is polymorphic, and at least one of the polymorphisms has been identified in the 5′ regulatory region of the promoter, a biallelic base exchange (C→T) at position −889.We set out to study whether the IL-1α genotype might contribute to the genetic component seen in the steady-state antibody levels of healthy individuals.Four hundred healthy blood donors (218 males and 182 females) were genotyped, and the plasma levels of IgM, IgG as well as IgG subclasses were measured.An association was found between IgG3 plasma levels and the IL-1α genotype; the 1.1 homozygotes had increased IgG3 levels compared with the 1.2 heterozygotes (P 〈 0.001 in males and P = 0.04 in females, Mann–Whitney U-test). A similar significant association was also found between IgM plasma levels and the IL-1α genotype in males, but it was no longer present in females; the 1.1 homozygotes had higher IgM levels than the 2.2 homozygotes (P = 0.03, Mann–Whitney U-test).The data suggest that IL-1α-mediated signals are critical for IgG3 and IgM responses, which are induced by thymus-independent antigens and are important in activating complement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2003.01231.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interferon-γ Production in Antigen Specific T Cell Response: Quantitation of Specific mRNA and Secreted Protein (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 46 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) production as a measure of cellular sensitization was studied by detection of the cytokine in culture supernatant by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and by measuring cellular mRNA using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. These assays were compared to the standard lymphocyte proliferation assay as a marker of T cell responsiveness to foreign antigens. When blood donors seropositive for herpes simplex virus (HSV) were compared to seronegative donors, all measurements of cellular sensitization separated the groups without overlap. There were significant correlations between the IFN-γ mRNA titre and the secreted IFN-γ (r = 0.57, P = 0.03), and the proliferative response and the secreted IFN-γ (r = 0.78, P = 0.001), as well as between the IFN-γ mRNA titre and the proliferative response (r = 0.78, P 〈 0.001). When tetanus toxoid (TT) responses were studied in immunized subjects, a wide range of responsiveness could be seen and correlation between various measurements was poor. However, constant individual levels of the cytokine production were demonstrated. Six people who had received their last TT booster vaccination more than 5 years ago were revaccinated and repeatedly studied. An increase in the levels of produced IFN-γ could be seen in all subjects and two who lacked a lymphocyte proliferation response developed it after revaccination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-144.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral cow milk challenge abolishes antigen-specific interferon-γ production in the peripheral blood of children with atopic dermatitis and cow milk allergy (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 27 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background A major feature of atopic dermatitis (AD) is the propensity to generate IgE to environmental antigens. Despite extensive information on IgE dysregulation in AD, the nature of immune responses to ingested allergens is poorly characterized.Objective To determine the clinical and immunological responses to food in AD patients.Methods To characterize the type and timing of clinical reactions to oral cow milk, 83 AD patients aged 2 to 60 months were subjected to double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC). IFN-γ and IL-4 production by their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was determined before and after DBPCFC.Results Of 50 patients positive to DBPCFC, 46% manifested exanthematous-type immediate-onset reactions and 54% eczematous-type late-onset reactions. In either group, the production of lL-4 and IFN-γ by Concanavalin A-stimulated FBMC was comparable before and after DBPCFC. For immediate-reacting patients, the median IFN-γ production by milk-stimulated PBMC was 11.5 (4.2–17.2) pg/mL as against 2.3 (0.2–5.7) pg/mL by unstimulated PBMC, P = 0.0008 before DBPCFC, and 4.6 (2.8–10.3) pg/mL vs 4.2 (1.7–9.0) pg/mL, P = 0.40, correspondingly after DBPCFC.Conclusion Before DBPCFC, immediate-reacting but not late-reacting patients were found to be capable of allergen-specific IFN-γ production in vitro, indicating the heterogeneity in AD patients. After DBPCFC, the IFN-γ generation abolished, indicating the effect of oral allergen exposure on IFN-γ-producing responses of AD patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1997.tb00706.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interleukin-10 gene promoter region polymorphism is associated with eosinophil count and circulating Immunoglobulin E in adult asthma (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background IL-10 has several functional effects relevant to asthma. It can modulate IgE production and induce apoptosis in eosinophils. Polymorphisms of IL-10 gene have been shown to affect IL-10 production.Objective To establish whether IL-10 polymorphisms are associated with asthma and phenotype-related characteristics.Methods The frequency of three single base exchange polymorphisms (at positions − 1082, − 819 and − 592) and corresponding haplotypes of the IL-10 gene were analysed in 245 adult asthmatic subjects and 405 controls using PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The data were assessed for correlations with the eosinophil count, serum IgE and lung function.Results The IL-10 haplotype frequencies were similar in asthmatics and controls. Eosinophil count median was 2.0- to 3.2-fold higher among asthmatics with rare ATA/ATA genotype than in asthmatics with other genotypes. No such difference was seen in the control group. When analysed by IL-10 haplotype carrier state and gender, male asthmatics with ATA haplotype had 2.8-fold higher serum IgE than those without ATA. A converse association was found in male controls with ATA haplotype, who had 1.9-fold lower serum IgE than their ATA-negative counterparts. The high IL-10-producing GCC haplotype was associated with impaired lung function in smoking male controls while in asthmatics no clear effect on lung function was found with any of the haplotypes studied.Conclusion These results suggest that the eosinophil counts and serum IgE are differently regulated by IL-10 genotype in asthmatic and in normal subjects. However, IL-10 polymorphism is not related to susceptibility in asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01577.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interleukin-10 generation in atopic children following oral Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 30 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Oral Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ingestion for 5 days to 4 weeks has been shown to alleviate clinical symptoms of gastrointestinal inflammation and atopic dermatitis.To determine whether oral Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG may act by generating immunosuppressive mediator in atopic children. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (ATCC 53103) at a daily dose of 2 × 1010 cfu was added for 4 weeks to the diets of nine children (mean age, 21 months) with atopic dermatitis. Blood and faecal samples were collected before supplementation and at early (2 weeks) and late stage (4 and 8 weeks from the beginning). The concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, IL-12, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interferon-γ (IFNγ) in sera, as well as the production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IFNγ in mitogen-induced peripheral blood mononuclear cells, were assessed. Secretory IgA and TNFα were also determined in faeces.The serum IL-10 concentration differed significantly between before, early and late samples (P 〈 0.001) due to the elevation of serum IL-10 in the later phase of oral Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ingestion. The enhancement of IL-10 production in mitogen-induced cultures preceded the rise in serum IL-10.The enhanced IL-10 generation in vivo substantiates the anti-inflammatory properties of specific probiotic bacteria strains, and provides an additional reason for considering such treatments for patients with intestinal inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2000.00948.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The IL1A genotype is associated with nasal polyposis in asthmatic adults (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Nasal polyposis (NP) is a chronic inflammatory disease often found coexisting with asthma. As this disorder tends to cluster in families, a genetic predisposition has been suggested. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of NP.Methods: We analysed the single G-to-T base exchange polymorphism in exon 5 at +4845 of the gene encoding IL-1α (IL1A) and the C-to-T base exchange polymorphism at −511 of the gene encoding IL-1β (IL1B) in a population-based sample of adult asthma patients (n = 245). The data were assessed for correlation with data on history of NP and other phenotype-related characteristics.Results: The prevalence of NP in our study group was 14.3%. The distribution of the IL1A genotype differed significantly between asthmatics with and without NP (P = 0.005). The risk of NP was markedly increased in allele G homozygous subjects (OR = 2.73; 95%CI = 1.40–5.32). In the case of IL1B we found no significant associations. Asthmatics with NP had more symptoms than others, but lung function and blood eosinophil counts were similar.Conclusions: Our study demonstrates an association of IL1A with NP inasthmatic patients and addresses the role of IL-1α as an inflammatory modulator in the pathogenesis of this disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2003.00118.x
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