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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Broadly tunable sub-500 fs pulses from an additive-pulse mode-locked thulium-doped fiber ring laser (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 19-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report an additive-pulse mode-locked (APM) thulium-doped fiber ring laser producing 350–500 fs pulses tunable from 1798 to 1902 nm. The laser operates in the soliton regime, where periodic perturbations cause predictable sidebands and modulation in the optical spectrum. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115477
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A randomised controlled trial of cytological surveillance versus patient choice between surveillance and colposcopy in managing mildly abnormal cervical smears (2004)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 111 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective  To determine whether choice of colposcopy or six month cytological surveillance would be beneficial to women with mildly abnormal smears when compared with the national policy of six months surveillance in terms of psychological morbidity.Design  A randomised trial based on the Zelen design.Setting  A hospital-based research clinic.Population  Four hundred and seventy-six women who had had a recurrent borderline or mildly dyskaryotic smear on routine cervical screening in primary care.Methods  Women were randomised either to six months cytological surveillance or to make a choice between that or colposcopy and were followed up for 1 year.Main outcome measures  The primary outcome measure was caseness (score ≥4) on the General Health Questionnaire at 12 months follow up. Other measures were the Spielberger State and Trait scores, default rates and cytology/colposcopy outcomes.Results  There was no significant difference between the arms for General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) scores and Spielberger State and Trait at 12 months. There was a significant reduction in psychometric morbidity between baseline and 12 months in both arms. Overall rates of default from the protocol were the same in both arms, but default that led to uncertain ascertainment of cervical pathology was greater in the no-choice arm.Conclusions  This trial indicates that having choice did not impact favourably or harmfully on anxiety or feelings of wellbeing. If a patient is anxious, allowing the patient to choose immediate colposcopy may be preferable because it will improve ascertainment of underlying disease in a group who are more likely to default.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-0528.2003.00007.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thromboxane A2 receptor gene polymorphism is associated with the serum concentration of cat-specific immunoglobulin E as well as the development and severity of asthma in Chinese children (2002)
    Copenhagen, Denmark : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 13 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Thromboxane A2 and its receptor (TBXA2R) are involved in the constriction of vascular and respiratory smooth muscles. The T924C polymorphism in the TBXA2R gene was recently found to be associated with asthma in Japanese adults but not in children. Its relationship with atopy or asthma severity in children has not been defined. To investigate this further, we first assessed the severity of asthma in Chinese children using a standardized questionnaire modified from the Disease Severity Score and spirometric evaluation. Then, peripheral blood was analyzed for serum total and aeroallergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, and TBXA2R T924C genotypes were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. One-hundred and fifty three asthmatic patients and 57 control children were recruited, of respective mean ages 9.9 and 11.0 years (p = 0.07). The mean logarithmic serum total IgE concentration was 2.57 and 2.09, respectively, for the asthmatic group and control group (p 〈 0.0001). Atopy was detected in 132 (86%) asthmatics and 33 (58%) controls. A significant association was observed between T924C and the diagnosis of atopic asthma (p = 0.044; odds ratio: 1.84). In addition, those asthmatics homozygous for the mutant allele in T924C had a lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (p = 0.032 and 0.002, respectively). Among our asthmatic patients, the TBXA2R T924C polymorphism correlated with the concentration of cat-specific IgE in serum (p = 0.046). Nonetheless, this gene marker did not show an association with the serum total IgE concentration or any clinical indicator of asthma severity. In conclusion, our results suggest that the T924C marker in the TBXA2R gene is associated, in Chinese children, with an increased susceptibility of developing atopic asthma. This marker is also associated with the extent of allergic sensitization to cat, as well as with reduced FEV1 and FVC values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3038.2002.01033.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The C−159T polymorphism in the CD14 promoter is associated with serum total IgE concentration in atopic Chinese children (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 14 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Activation of macrophages through CD14 by microbes is crucial in inducing immunity by type 1 T helper cells. A C-to-T polymorphism at position −159 of CD14 was associated with serum total IgE level in Caucasians but not in Japanese subjects. The objective of this study is to determine whether this polymorphic marker is associated with atopy and asthma phenotypes in Chinese children. Restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to characterize CD14/−159 genotypes. Microparticle immunoassay was used to measure serum total IgE level; fluorescent enzyme immunoassay was performed to measure serum concentrations of specific IgE to aeroallergens; and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14). Lung function in asthmatics was assessed by spirometry. Two hundred and fifty-eight patients and 92 control children were recruited. Their mean serum total IgE concentrations were 331 and 74 kIU/l, respectively (p 〈 0.0001). Atopy, defined as the presence of at least one allergen-specific IgE in serum, was found in 220 (85%) patients and in 41 (45%) controls (p 〈 0.0001). Serum sCD14 levels were significantly associated with CD14/−159 genotypes (p = 0.004). Atopic subjects with CC genotype in CD14/−159 had the highest serum total IgE levels compared with CT and TT genotypes, with the respective mean values being 661, 427 and 380 kIU/l (p = 0.015). Similarly, a higher proportion of subjects with CC genotype had increased serum total IgE concentration (p = 0.039). This polymorphic marker was not associated with asthma or aeroallergen sensitization in our cohort. Our results suggest that the C−159T of CD14 was associated with serum total IgE concentration in atopic Chinese children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3038.2003.00048.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viral phenotype and CCR5 genotype (1999)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature medicine 5 (1999), S. 1330-1330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] To the editor—We thank D'Aquila et al. for their comments on our recent News and Views article. We fully agree that both CXCR4 and CCR5 inhibitors should be evaluated in clinical trials, if suitable compounds are developed. However, we wish to clarify some aspects of the literature raised by ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/70878
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of CCR5 and CCR2 polymorphisms in HIV-1 transmission and disease progression (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 3 (1997), S. 1160-1162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) into target cells requires both CD4 (ref. 1, 2) and one of a growing number of C-protein-coupled seven-transmembrane receptors3. Viruses predominantly use one, or occasionally both, of the major co-receptors CCR5 or CXCR4, although other ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1097-1160
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HIV-1 entry inhibitors: Evading the issue (1999)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature medicine 5 (1999), S. 740-742 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] HIV-1 entry into cells is an attractive target for new antiviral agents. But will inhibitors aimed at the CCR5 co-receptor force HIV-1 to evolve more virulent ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/10462
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of viral phenotype and CCR-5 gene defects in HIV-1 transmission and disease progression (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 3 (1997), S. 338-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Cellular entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires binding to both CD4 (ref. 1, 2) and to one of the chemokine receptors recently discovered to act as coreceptors3–11. Viruses that infect T-cell lines to form syncytia (syncytium-inducing, SI) are frequently found in ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0397-338
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Host genetics and HIV—removing the mask (2002)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 8 (2002), S. 783-785 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Studies of the impact of host genetics on the susceptibility to HIV infection and rate of disease progression have revealed associations with a number of individual genes. These include those genes encoding proteins that control viral entry (CCR5, CCR2, RANTES and SDF1), immune regulation ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0802-783
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ingested interferon α suppresses Type I diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 1227-1232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Non-obese diabetic mouse ; ingested interferon α ; interleukin 4 ; interleukin 10 ; adoptive transfer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Type I diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder that results from autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cell. The non- obese diabetic mouse is a model of the human autoimmune disease Type I diabetes [1–3]. We have previously shown that ingested type 1 interferon inhibits chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and the adoptive transfer of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelites by T cells, and decreases both antigen-specific and mitogen-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in this disorder. We therefore tried to determine whether ingested murine interferon α inhibits insulinitis and suppresses Type I diabetes mellitus in non-obese diabetic mice. Murine interferon α, given daily, decreased islet inflammation and suppressed diabetes. It increased the concanavalin A and ionomycin plus myristic acid palmitic ester-induced production of interleukin 4 and 10 and interferon γ-secretion in spleen cells from treated mice. Adoptive transfer of unstimulated splenocytes secreting interleukin 4 and interleukin 10 from fed interferon α donors suppressed spontaneous diabetes mellitus in recipients. The protective effect of adoptively transferred unstimulated splenocytes shows the presence of ingested interferon α-activated regulatory splenic cell populations that may work via increased interleukin 4 or interleukin 10 production. Ingested interferon α administered during vulnerable periods in at-risk populations may potentially provide a continuous, convenient, non-toxic and effective treatment for Type I diabetes. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 1227–1232]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051056
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